Current diabetes reviews最新文献

{"title":"Herbal Medicine and Metabolic Syndrome: Phytochemicals Targeting the Molecular Causes of Insulin Resistance and Related Comorbidities.","authors":"Hajar Al-Rajaibi, Salma A Elsamanoudy, Ayman Z Elsamanoudy, Hussein F Sakr","doi":"10.2174/0115733998431771260403053100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998431771260403053100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern characterized by a cluster of interrelated metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and chronic low-grade inflammation. These factors significantly increase the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), and other complications. In recent years, plant-derived natural products and herbal medicines have garnered increasing attention for their potential to modulate the underlying mechanisms of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) safely and cost-effectively. This review explores the therapeutic role and molecular mechanisms of several key botanicals, including berberine, <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> (Cinnamon), <i>Zingiber officinale</i> (ginger), <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> (Fenugreek), <i>Nigella sativa</i> (black seed), <i>Curcuma longa</i> (Curcumin), <i>Artemisia dracunculus</i> (Russian tarragon), <i>Momordica charantia</i> (bitter melon), and <i>Vaccinium angustifolium</i> (lowbush blueberry). These agents exert multifaceted effects, including the activation of AMPK, enhancement of insulin receptor signaling, increased GLUT4 translocation, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. While preclinical data strongly support their efficacy, human clinical trials have shown mixed results due to factors such as inconsistent formulations, poor bioavailability, and individual variability. Despite these challenges, the evidence suggests that plant-based therapies may serve as effective adjuncts to conventional treatment, particularly in the early or preventive stages of MetS. The review highlights the importance of standardized formulations, enhanced delivery systems, and well-controlled clinical trials to validate their efficacy and integrate them into evidence-based therapeutic protocols. These findings support the growing role of natural products in the holistic management of metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Dysbiosis to Diabetes: How Gut Microbiome Interventions Influence Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Maisie Davidson, Ross Davidson, Maria Medeiros, Alexander Davidson","doi":"10.2174/0115733998435997260311014501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998435997260311014501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance (IR), chronic low-grade inflammation, and dysregulated glucose metabolism. Increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota imbalances, or dysbiosis, may play a key role in its development and progression. This review aims to critically evaluate the existing literature on the role of gut microbiome-targeted interventions, specifically prebiotics and probiotics, in the prevention and management of T2D. The review highlights that prebiotics have shown modest benefits in improving insulin sensitivity and lowering fasting blood glucose (FBG), particularly in individuals with early metabolic dysfunction. Probiotic interventions using strains like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have demonstrated variable outcomes, with some studies reporting improvements in glycaemic control and inflammatory markers. Proposed mechanisms include increased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), improved gut barrier integrity, and modulation of bile acids. However, findings remain inconsistent because studies differ in design, population characteristics, intervention type, and outcome measures. Taken together, the evidence suggests that microbiome- based therapies show early potential for influencing pathways involved in the development and management of type 2 diabetes, although current effects are modest. Larger and longer-term trials are needed to confirm efficacy, clarify mechanisms, and determine which individuals are most likely to respond to probiotic or prebiotic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Phytochemical-Based Approaches for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers.","authors":"Kabange Kasumbwe, Frederick Odun-Ayo, Viresh Mohanlall","doi":"10.2174/0115733998431722260327100634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998431722260327100634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic foot ulcers are severe complications of diabetes mellitus; they are characterized by chronic inflammation, poor wound healing, and high risks of infection leading to extended hospitalizations and amputation. Although progress has been made in the conventional care of wounds, current therapies still fall short in yielding optimal healing outcomes. In recent years, bioactive natural products and phytochemicals have emerged as promising therapeutic agents due to their diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and pro-angiogenic effects. Key active phytochemicals such as curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, and berberine have been investigated for their potential to enhance wound closure, modulate immune function, and promote tissue regeneration. A literature review was conducted through a systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as \"diabetic foot ulcers,\" \"phytochemicals,\" \"natural products,\" \"wound healing,\" and \"drug delivery systems.\" Many phytochemicals have been reported for their efficacy in DFU models, modulating oxidative stress, stimulating fibroblast proliferation, enhancing collagen synthesis, and inhibiting the growth of microbial biofilms. Advanced drug delivery platforms have been developed to improve the solubility, stability, and targeted delivery of these compounds to the site of injury, utilizing hydrogels, nanoparticles, and polymer-based scaffolds. Preclinical and some clinical studies support the therapeutic potential of these agents; however, translational challenges persist due to issues with formulation, standardization, and the need for large-scale clinical validation. Phytochemical-based interventions are, therefore, a promising complementary approach for treating DFUs. The integration of these natural agents into conventional wound care regimens can improve healing outcomes and reduce complications. Future studies should focus on well-designed clinical trials, detailed mechanistic studies, and standardized and scalable delivery systems to support the clinical translation of phytochemical therapies in DFU management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Determination, Validation, and Development of Prediction Scores Related to Hypoglycemia Risk Factors Among Ambulatory Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Bali, Indonesia.","authors":"Made Krisna Adi Jaya, Fita Rahmawati, Nanang Munif Yasin, Zullies Ikawati","doi":"10.2174/1573399822999260609164355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573399822999260609164355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the previously published version of this article [1], the study limitations section was missing. To ensure completeness and clarity, this section has now been added. We apologize for any inconvenience caused and appreciate the opportunity to rectify this matter. The original article can be found online at https://www.eurekaselect.com/article/148532 The publisher apologizes for any inconvenience caused. Details of the error and its correction are provided here. CORRECTED VERSION STUDY LIMITATIONS This study has several limitations, including the fact that predictors were measured based on medical records in a multicenter setting, and the possible time-varying effects of the predictors could not be reported. Another limitation was that patients with T2DM were enrolled in three multicenters in Bali Province, Indonesia. Therefore, the results may not be generalized to other Asian populations because of different genetic backgrounds and healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148223526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: The Potential of Ozone Therapy as an Adjunct to Periodontal Treatment in Diabetes Mellitus: A Biomarkers Scoping Review.","authors":"Elisa Grillo Araújo, Domitilla Marchiori Sant'Anna Leal de Oliveira, Sergio Bruzadelli Macedo, Cristine Miron Stefani, Loise Pedrosa Salles","doi":"10.2174/1573399822999260609163325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573399822999260609163325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the previously published version of this article [1], the \"Standards of Reporting\" heading was missing. To ensure completeness and clarity, this heading has now been included. We apologize for any inconvenience caused and appreciate the opportunity to rectify this matter. The original article can be found online at https://www.eurekaselect.com/article/148228 Original CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION Not applicable. FUNDING This research was funded by Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF Grant: 0193-00001720/2024-11) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (CNPq/Ebserh Grant: 408020/2021-0). Corrected CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION Not applicable. STANDARDS OF REPORTING PRISMA guidelines were followed. FUNDING This research was funded by Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF Grant: 0193-00001720/2024-11) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (CNPq/Ebserh Grant: 408020/2021-0).</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148223519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Mechanisms of Diabetic Wounds: Insights into Pathogenesis and Advanced Treatment Strategies.","authors":"Nur Shaid Mondal, Aminul Islam, Manish Kumar Gautam, Sandip Mondal, Muskaan Ahmed, Sungjemrenla Jamir, Larity Daniewkor Khongwir, Bidhan Mahajon","doi":"10.2174/0115733998368222250509185511","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733998368222250509185511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic wounds are a class of chronic wounds that exhibit significant healing abnormalities due to dysregulated cytokines, growth factors, and unique cellular expressions, currently affecting an estimated 9.1-26.1 million people per year globally. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), angiogenic factors, and inflammatory mediators remain the key determinants for managing diabetic wounds. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most prominent types of growth factors induced during angiogenesis in general and cell proliferation pathways. Chronic hyperglycemia, neuropathy, and inflammation associated with diabetes disorders affect cellular responses, blood circulation, and immunological systems impair normal wound healing. This reduced effectiveness of current management strategies is reflected in the high number of delayed wounds among diabetic patients due to escalated oxidative stress and impaired signaling pathways, which prevent healing, calling for new therapies. MMPs are essential for tissue remodeling, but excess levels of MMPs predispose tissues to matrix degradation and interruption in cell signaling leading thereby prolonging inflammation seen in diabetic wounds. Efficient wound healing requires a balanced relationship regarding matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). New regenerative solutions, such as stem cells, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), gene therapies, and MMP inhibitors that can re-establish angiogenesis; decrease inflammation; and stimulate growth factor signaling, suggest promising strategies for improved diabetic wound healing. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy allows tissue regeneration and reduces the area of ulceration, bringing other benefits. In the future, therapeutics should focus on multifunctional and responsive strategies that include anti-inflammatory agents, cytokine modulators, and stem cell treatments that exhibit superior efficacy in comparison to conventional therapies when assessed clinically. Novel advanced combination strategies represent a realistic route to targeted therapies that meet clinical needs and have the potential capability for utilizing mechanistic insights, both creative in their implementation of recently developed techniques as well as applied on a broader scale through the evidence-based management across diabetic wounds offering better outcomes and quality of life amongst increasing diabetic commonalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":"113-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Hepatoprotective Effect of Chrysin: Preclinical Implications and Molecular Cascades Came into Focus.","authors":"Marjan Talebi, Mohsen Talebi, Tahereh Farkhondeh, Jesus Simal-Gandara, Selen Ilgun, Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri, Mohammad Samini, Saeed Samarghandian","doi":"10.2174/0115733998329724240918091335","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733998329724240918091335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chrysin, a flavone nutraceutical, possesses several beneficial pharmacological properties, which has gained much emphasis in recent years. The biological effects of chrysin are exerted due to impeding or activating multifarious cellular and molecular pathways. Our findings indicated that chrysin inhibited tumor progression in various cancer cell lines by repressing the formation of a sphere and upregulated protein expression of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), alleviating phosphorylated-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) and transaction workflow innovation standards team1 (Twist1), sustaining phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and endorsing mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase1 (MEK1) overexpression, increasing the cytochrome c release, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) collapse, and caspase-3 activity, modulating p53/ B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/caspase-9 cascade, cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B proposition 65 (NF-κB p65) expression and also decreasing the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Chrysin prevented cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, cisplatin, methotrexate, paracetamol, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) and thioacetamide. Chrysin has protective properties against oxidative stress, inflammation, hepatotoxicity, liver fibrosis, steatosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chrysin's most common hepatoprotective biochemical and molecular mechanisms involve the ability to control enzyme synthesis, scavenge free radicals, boost the antioxidant response, induce apoptosis, and modify the synthesis of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines.Chrysin is a valuable nutraceutical with broad therapeutic feasibility, but to confirm its representative hepatoprotective potential, clinical studies are advised. It would also be interesting to use cutting-edge drug delivery techniques or include bio-enhancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e15733998329724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Anthelmintic and Antidiabetic Effects of Rosarin in Preclinical Studies Using Zebrafish and Earthworm Models (<i>Pheretima posthuma</i>).","authors":"Akula Sowjanya, Sunil Kumar Kadiri, Deepak S Khobragade, Mallika Shaik, Prashant Tiwari","doi":"10.2174/0115733998343818250306082712","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733998343818250306082712","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Rhodiola rosea is a traditional medicinal plant that has been found to possess several beneficial properties, including the ability to mitigate cardiac ischemia-reperfusion damage, reduce blood lipid levels, prevent thrombosis, and exhibit antiarrhythmic effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to evaluate the potential of rosarin, a key compound derived from the root of Rhodiola rosea, in treating diabetes mellitus using a zebrafish model and in exhibiting anthelmintic (worm-expelling) activity using the Indian earthworm (Pheretima posthuma).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study design utilizes an experimental approach, incorporating both zebrafish (Danio rerio) and earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) as subjects for testing. The zebrafish were randomly assigned to different experimental groups, including control and treatment groups (e.g., hyperglycemia induction and comparison with Metformin). The zebrafish were studied for a duration of 4 days, during which the glucose concentration was gradually increased. Zebrafish were housed in controlled aquatic environments with daily water changes and hyperglycemia in zebrafish was induced by gradually increasing the glucose concentration, starting with 50 mM for four days while closely monitoring their health and survival. The body weights, blood glucose levels and histopathological studies were noted and compared with the standard drug Metformin. Liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) derived from homogenate supernatants of fish viscera were determined using an autoanalyzer. Earthworms were collected from moist soil and randomly assigned to receive varying doses of test Rosarin or the standard drug albendazole in Petri dishes. Observations included changes in color, thickness, diameter, paralysis, and time to death. Dunnett's test was used to evaluate the statistical significance, followed by one-way ANOVA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results and discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;Zebrafish (Danio rerio), three-month-old (500-1000 mg) and Pheretima posthuma (14 cm) were used for this research. The results confirm that the rosarin glycoside at 50 mg/ml showed significant anti-diabetic activity by decreasing blood glucose levels (82.1 ± 0.5 mg/dl) with p&lt;0.001, 95% CI (81.628- 82.572) limits and body weights (2.0 ± 0.047 g) when equated with diabetic control (Blood glucose levels= 135 ± 3.14 mg/dl and body weights =13.4 ± 0.11 g). ALT, AST and ALP levels significantly decreased in the rosarin group when equated to diabetic control. The anti-diabetic effect of rosarin is comparable with standard Metformin (50 mg/ml). In anthelmintic activity, rosarin (75 mg/ml) significantly decreased the length of the worm (9.5 ± 0.36 cm), time of paralysis (22 ± 0.76 minutes) and time of death (40 ± 0.76 minutes). Albendazole (50 mg/ml) is used as a standard drug. The study employed one-way ANOVA to compare the mea","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e15733998343818"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FTO Gene rs9939609 is Potentially Associated with Diabetes Related Complications in T2DM Patients.","authors":"Mazhar Hussain, Akbar Waheed, Asim Elahi, Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.2174/0115733998343753250226081545","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733998343753250226081545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>FTO gene rs9939609, an obesity susceptible gene, has strong with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies have also established an association between the FTO gene rs9939609 and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This research investigated the association of this genetic variant with microvascular and macrovascular complications related to diabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional analysis involving 140 participants with T2DM and 70 healthy control subjects. The DNA samples were analyzed for the FTO gene variant rs9939609 using ARMS-PCR. FTO gene association with diabetes-related microvascular and macrovascular complications was assessed through multivariate logistic regression, with unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. A p-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The genotypic distribution of the FTO gene variant adhered to Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium in the study participants (p>0.05). The AA genotype exhibited a robust association with elevated BMI, HbA1C, SBP, DBP, TGs and decreased HDL-C levels relative to the AT and TT genotypes with (p=0.002). FTO genotype frequency increased from AA to AT to TT in both macrovascular (CVD) and microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy). Moreover, risk allele(A) was also significantly contributed to CVD (p=0.001), retinopathy (p=0.004), nephropathy (p=0.001), and neuropathy (p=0.002). AA genotype of the FTO gene rs9939609 showed the tendency to increase the risk of CVD (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.07-1.70; p=0.04) and retinopathy (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.87; p=0.001) while no significant changes were recorded in diabetic nephropathy (OR,1.56; 95%CI,1.2-2.43; p=0.67) and neuropathy (OR, 2.49; 95%, 1.52-4.1; p=0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data indicate that the FTO gene variant rs9939609 is linked to an elevated risk of both microvascular & macrovascular complications in individuals with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e15733998343753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Link between Evening Chronotypes and T2DM among South Indians: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Meghana Belagula Siddaraju, Akalu Srinivas Kamakshi Shriya, Sri Ram Murugesh, Varun Thej Reddy, Arun Gopi, Nimrah Fathima","doi":"10.2174/0115733998406914251104020940","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733998406914251104020940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronotype refers to an individual's circadian preference in biological and behavioral rhythm relative to the external light-dark cycle. light-dark cycle. Evening chronotype is associated with increased diabetes risk, probably due to inappropriate eating habits, reduced physical activity, and altered sleeping habits. This study aims to find an association between evening chronotropic and diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the General Medicine department over six months. 201 patients satisfying the study criteria were included. Horne-Ostberg Morningness- Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), blood samples, sleep quality, and anthropometric indicators were obtained. Postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) were measured with standard techniques. A univariate logistic regression analysis, along with post-hoc tests, was employed to find the role of independent variables on each chronotype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 81 evening chronotypes, 85.1% were diabetics, the mean HDL value in the evening chronotypes was 35.2 mg/dl, significantly (p<0.001) lower than the other two chronotypes. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were significantly higher in the evening chronotype p= 0.011, p<0.001, respectively. The mean FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c values (170.07 mg/dL, 242 mg/dL, and 8.95%) were higher among evening chronotypes and were statistically significant (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings highlight that evening chronotypes demonstrate poorer glycaemic control, dyslipidaemias, and adverse anthropometric indices, suggesting that circadian misalignment may contribute to T2DM progression. Lifestyle modification could be a promising intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests Evening chronotypes are more likely to have metabolic dysregulation and poor glycemic control.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e15733998406914"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}