Coral Reefs最新文献

{"title":"Susceptibility of Acropora tenuis to consecutive thermal stress","authors":"Sanaz Hazraty-Kari, Parviz Tavakoli-Kolour, Takashi Nakamura, Masaya Morita","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02530-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02530-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elevated temperatures cause mass coral bleaching, leading to reef degradation. The frequency of bleaching events is increasing, and severe bleaching events have been predicted to occur annually in the next few decades. However, the ability of corals to acclimate and adapt to these unprecedented stresses remains unknown. In this study, we investigated how three years of consecutive thermal stress affect the adult fragments of the coral <i>Acropora tenuis</i>. The fragments were exposed to temperature treatments of ~ 28 °C (control) and ~ 31 °C (heat stress) until they began to bleach. We measured the survival rate, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (<i>Fv</i>/<i>Fm</i>) of the symbiotic algae, and algal density of the fragments. The survival rate of the fragments under thermal stress decreased over the three-year period, reaching 20% by the end. Additionally, we observed a decrease in <i>Fv</i>/<i>Fm</i> and a reduction in algal density in the stressed fragments compared to those in the control fragments during all three years of the thermal stress period. These findings collectively suggested that consecutive bleaching-level thermal stress increases the susceptibility of corals to heat.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inorganic and organic nutrients in tropical–subtropical Western Pacific coral reef waters","authors":"Huei-Ting Lin, Vianney Denis, Chih-Chiang Hsieh, Chieh-Jhen Chen, Wanchien Victoria Hsiao, Pei-Ling Wang, Chih-Chieh Su, Yan-Ning Kuo","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02522-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02522-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coral reef ecosystems host diversified and highly productive communities, but corals are degrading in many places worldwide. Picking suitable locations to maximize coral conservation and restoration efforts is critical. From a mass balance point of view, the supply of new nutrients is crucial to support a productive and reef-building coral ecosystem. Quantifying and qualifying available nutrients provide information to set region-specific thresholds for anthropogenic pollution monitoring and to generate research hypotheses. Here, we report the inorganic and organic nutrient levels from twenty-three sampling sites in coral reefs and coastal waters covering regions from high to low coral coverage, including two remote islands, Dongsha Atoll and Taiping Island, in the South China Sea. Some of the surveyed reefs received external inorganic nutrient supply via upwelling or submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), suggesting sites potential for new production (i.e., reef-building). Production or removal of organic matter at various sites is evidenced by their elevated or depleted organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations, respectively. The degree of impact by the upwelling and SGD on various inorganic and organic nutrient distribution varies. Among all sites, organic nitrogen accounts for most of the total nitrogen and is potentially a significant nitrogen source for the environment. The highly correlated total organic nitrogen (TON) concentrations and their C-to-N ratios (C/N_-TON) suggest the production of TON with low C/N_-TON and preferential removal of N during remineralization processes, leaving “leftover” TON with high C/N ratios. Furthermore, we found that high coral diversity and coverage sites are featured in low organic matter with high C/N, while macroalgae-dominating sites had elevated organic matter. The new data are valuable to generate hypotheses for future research to test, for example, whether sites with low organic matter are more suitable for restoring reef-building corals than sites with high organic matter.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symbiont community dynamics in the turbid reef specialist, Turbinaria reniformis, along a latitudinal and environmental gradient in Western Australia","authors":"Adi Zweifler, Richard D. Evans, Nicola K. Browne, Luke Thomas","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02528-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02528-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermal stress triggers the breakdown of the obligate symbiosis between the cnidarian coral host and its autotrophic dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae. This diverse family exhibits pronounced functional variation that has large implications for the survival of their coral host. In this study, we explored patterns of symbiont community composition and diversity in the coral <i>Turbinaria reniformis</i>, a turbid reef specialist, along a latitudinal and environmental gradient in Western Australia. Using metabarcoding of the internal transcribed spacer region 2, we explored symbiont community patterns, their environmental drivers, and potential associations with host genetic structure. Our findings reveal a predominance of <i>Cladocopium</i> across our study area, with distinct regional composition influenced primarily by sea surface temperature. Geographical distance and host genetic data did not align with symbiont community divergence, suggesting a complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors t shaping the community structure. This study underscores <i>Cladocopium</i> stability in Western Australia across large distances and strong environmental gradients. It also highlights the highly diversified lineage community that may explain <i>T. reniformis</i> ability to thrive in a wide range of environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of material type and surface roughness of settlement tiles on macroalgal colonisation and early coral recruitment success","authors":"Jenny Fong, Blake D. Ramsby, Florita Flores, Tewodros Dada, Elsa Antunes, Muhammad Azmi Abdul Wahab, Andrea Severati, Andrew P. Negri, Guillermo Diaz-Pulido","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02526-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02526-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sexual propagation of corals is a promising strategy for coral restoration, but one of the main challenges is the high mortality of coral spat due to competitive interactions with macroalgae during the early life history stages. Optimising the properties of settlement substrates such as material types and surface roughness has the potential to improve the survival of spat by limiting the recruitment and growth of macroalgae. In this study, we assessed the effects of modifying surface roughness across three different tile materials (alumina-based ceramic, calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), and concrete) on the settlement success and post-settlement survivorship of <i>Acropora kenti</i> coral larvae in six mesocosm tanks, each with different established macroalgal communities. The macroalgal community compositions on the tiles were significantly different among material types, but not surface roughness, although the type and abundance of macroalgal species were heavily influenced by the established tank communities. Increasing surface roughness did not affect larval settlement success or spat survivorship. Substantially higher larval settlement density was found on concrete tiles (1.92 ± 0.10 larvae cm⁻²), but spat survival was the highest on CaCO₃ tiles (73.4 ± 4.2% survived). Very strong competitive interactions were observed between spat and macroalgae, with overgrowth by the crustose coralline alga <i>Crustaphytum</i> sp. and the brown alga <i>Lobophora</i> sp. being the primary cause of spat mortality. Overall, when taking into account both settlement and survival rates, concrete was the best performing among the tile types tested here.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the treasure trove: leveraging dry coral specimens for museum genomics","authors":"Michael T. Connelly, Mary Grace Catapang, Andrea M. Quattrini","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02525-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02525-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Natural history museums house the largest biodiversity collections in the world and represent an enormous repository of genetic information. Much of this information, however, has remained inaccessible until recently. Emerging technologies, such as techniques for isolation of historical DNA (hDNA) and target enrichment sequencing of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) that can utilize degraded DNA as input material, have the potential to unlock museum collections for genomics research. Here, we demonstrate that hDNA extracted from dried <i>Pocillopora</i> coral specimens, collected up to 90 yrs ago, can be used as input for UCE target enrichment sequencing. The resulting sequence data can be used in phylogenetic studies to resolve questions about taxonomic species identities, biogeographic distributions, and evolutionary histories. Our results provide a blueprint for research groups seeking to take advantage of untapped genetic information stored in natural history museum collections.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coral reef potential connectivity in the southwest Indian Ocean","authors":"Noam S. Vogt-Vincent, April J. Burt, Rosa M. van der Ven, Helen L. Johnson","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02521-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02521-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The tropical southwest Indian Ocean is a coral biodiversity hotspot, with remote reefs physically connected by larval dispersal through eddies and a complex set of equatorial and boundary currents. Based on multidecadal, 2 km resolution hydrodynamic and larval dispersal models that incorporate temporal variability in dispersal, we find that powerful zonal currents, current bifurcations, and geographic isolation act as leaky dispersal barriers, partitioning the southwest Indian Ocean into clusters of reefs that tend to consistently retain larvae, and therefore gene flow, over many generations. Whilst exceptionally remote, the Chagos Archipelago can broadcast (and receive) considerable numbers of larvae to (and from) reefs across the wider southwest Indian Ocean, most significantly exchanging larvae with the Inner Islands of Seychelles, but also the Mozambique Channel region. Considering multi-generational dispersal indicates that most coral populations in the southwest Indian Ocean are physically connected within a few hundred steps of dispersal. These results suggest that regional biogeography and population structure can be largely attributed to geologically recent patterns of larval dispersal, although some notable discrepancies indicate that palaeogeography and environmental suitability also play an important role. The model output and connectivity matrices are available in full and will provide useful physical context to regional biogeography and connectivity studies, as well as supporting marine spatial planning efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting 20 years of coral–algal interactions: global patterns and knowledge gaps","authors":"Kelly Yumi Inagaki, Guilherme Ortigara Longo","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02513-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02513-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coral–algal interactions are pivotal in reef ecosystems globally as they can scale up ecosystem levels and lead to dominance shifts. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of global coral–algal interactions, identifying the most studied locations, species, and types of interactions. We then assessed how these interactions may be impacted by consumers and climate change. Over the past 20 years (2001–2020), coral and algae interactions were mostly explored in the Pacific, and the Caribbean and US East Coast, where branching and massive corals were the focus, while other coral growth forms received less attention, and effects on algae were often overlooked. Adult corals were generally reported to be damaged when directly interacting with algae through physical abrasion or allelopathy. Conversely, algae interactions were found to have a positive impact on juvenile corals by facilitating larval recruitment and settlement. As expected, coral–algal interactions and the type of coral–algal relationships vary globally, most likely due to differences in abiotic conditions, community composition and the number of studies performed in a region. Despite the large emphasis on the role of consumers in controlling coral–algal interactions, few studies directly explored the effects of herbivory on coral–algal interactions. Given the growing evidence that ocean warming and acidification can reduce the competitive ability of corals, understanding the dynamic relationships between coral, algae, and consumers under future climate change conditions is crucial in predicting future coral recruitment potential and reef composition patterns. Here, we highlight the main findings from coral–algal interaction studies performed in the last 20 year and point to future directions, such as: 1) diversifying location, coral species, growth forms and life phases; 2) considering effects on both sides of interaction, not neglecting effects on algae; and 3) taking a closer look into the role of consumers and microbiomes. Advancing our understanding of coral–algal interactions, as well as how these interactions shift under changing conditions, is critical in predicting how coral reef ecosystems may operate in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraspecific variation in response to elevated pCO2 and temperature in the branching reef coral Acropora digitifera from different habitats","authors":"Cristiana Manullang, Ariyo Imanuel Tarigan, Akira Iguchi, Takashi Nakamura","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02523-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02523-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ocean acidification (OA) and ocean warming (OW) affect the calcification of corals, and intraspecific variations in response to these stressors in the population level need to be clarified for better future predictions. Using <i>Acropora digitifera</i> as our subject, we examined the intraspecific variability in calcification and maximum quantum yield (<i>F</i>_<i>v</i><i>/F</i>_<i>m</i>) of photosystem II of symbiotic zooxanthella in responses to OA, OW, and OA + OW. Samples were taken from two different sites: Sesoko Station (warmer) and Sesoko South (cooler) in Okinawa, Japan. Calcification rates varied between the two sites, and noticeable differences were observed only among coral colonies from the Sesoko South site, specifically under control and OA treatments. Furthermore, <i>F</i>_<i>v</i><i>/F</i>_<i>m</i> showed no variation between the sites due to those stresses. Hence, the calcification rates among <i>A. digitifera</i> colonies varied by habitat, and we found within-site variation only in the lower temperature location, Sesoko South. We observed diminished variation in response among colonies in the warmer site. The adapting to diverse environmental conditions and responding to changes such as seawater <i>p</i>CO₂ and temperature, may lead to differences in sensitivity between the two populations to OA, OW, and OA + OW. These intraspecific variation could arise from factors like acclimatizations, the influence of specific genotypes, or phenotypic plasticity of the colonies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population and clonal structure of Acropora cf. hyacinthus to inform coral restoration practices on the Great Barrier Reef","authors":"Lorna Howlett, Emma F. Camp, Nicolas S. Locatelli, Iliana B. Baums, Paige Strudwick, Sage Rassmussen, David J. Suggett","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02520-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02520-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A key goal of coral restoration is to re-establish self-sustaining coral populations and ensure resilience to future stressors, which requires that genetic diversity is maximised. However, coral genetic and genotypic (clonal) diversity is variable across reef sites via success of sexual recruitment, and cryptic species diversity can complicate breeding efforts. Assessing genotypic and genetic diversity of colonies to be used in restoration is therefore critical to avoid founder, inbreeding or outbreeding effects. Considering recent efforts to upscale coral propagation on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), we examined species, population and clonal structure of a commonly out-planted tabular <i>Acropora</i> species—<i>Acropora hyacinthus</i> (Dana, 1864). A total of 189 colonies were sampled from six reef systems throughout the northern-central GBR and genotyped using an <i>Acropora-</i>specific Affymetrix microarray, which resulted in 1387 variant sites that passed quality control. Cryptic species were readily resolved and all sampled <i>A. hyacinthus</i> colonies represented unique genotypes within sites at three reefs. At reefs that contained multi-ramet genets (clonal genotypes), the mean and maximum between-ramet distances were 0.68 and 1.99 m, respectively. Therefore, sampling colonies &gt; 2 m apart increases the likelihood these colonies represent distinct genets. Such a sampling design therefore maximises genotypic diversity when sourcing colonies for propagation and out-planting. Based on these variant sites, we found no between-reef genetic divergence based on locality. Furthermore, through unintentional sampling of non-target tabular Acroporid species, we show how this genotyping method may be used for resolving taxonomic uncertainty as well as population dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive cycle of the black coral Antipathes galapagensis in the Bay of La Paz, Gulf of California, Mexico","authors":"Antonella Lavorato, Marzia Bo, Héctor Reyes-Bonilla, Pedro Medina-Rosas, Carmen Rodríguez-Jaramillo","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02508-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02508-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Antipathes galapagensis</i>, Deichmann (Smithson Misc Collect 9:1–18, 1941), has been the object of intensive fishing in the Eastern Tropical Pacific due to its large and arborescent colonies and dense forests. Despite its importance as a habitat-forming species, little information exists about its basic biology. Thus, the objective of this study is to describe its reproductive cycle. Samplings were performed in Espiritu Santo Archipelago (La Paz Bay, Gulf of California, Mexico) over 22 months. Histological analyses were conducted on 197 coral samples collected to assess their reproductive strategy from 2018 to 2019. For the first time, male and female gametogenic development stages are described for the species, determining the mean diameter and size range of oocytes and spermatocysts for each gametogenesis sub-stage. The black coral <i>A. galapagensis</i> is an external spawner, adopting a partial spawning strategy, showing evidence of sequential hermaphroditism, and this latter representing the first documentation for the order Antipatharia. The estimated colony sexual maturity height is 102 and 93 cm for females and males, respectively. Gametogenesis begins in June and reaches the reproductive peak in September–October, where the highest frequency is observed of mature females and males and partial spawning. The reproductive cycle shows a correlation with seawater surface temperature increase in the study area, which reaches its maximum from September–October. The results provide the first knowledge contribution to the species biology, essential for its protection and conservation management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141258916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}