Cortex最新文献

{"title":"Intermodulation frequencies reveal common neural assemblies integrating facial and vocal fearful expressions","authors":"Francesca M. Barbero ,&nbsp;Siddharth Talwar ,&nbsp;Roberta P. Calce ,&nbsp;Bruno Rossion ,&nbsp;Olivier Collignon","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective social communication depends on the integration of emotional expressions coming from the face and the voice. Although there are consistent reports on how seeing and hearing emotion expressions can be automatically integrated, direct signatures of multisensory integration in the human brain remain elusive. Here we implemented a multi-input electroencephalographic (EEG) frequency tagging paradigm to investigate neural populations integrating facial and vocal fearful expressions. High-density EEG was acquired in participants attending to dynamic fearful facial and vocal expressions tagged at different frequencies (<em>f</em>_<em>vis</em>, <em>f</em>_<em>aud</em>). Beyond EEG activity at the specific unimodal facial and vocal emotion presentation frequencies, activity at intermodulation frequencies (IM) arising at the sums and differences of the harmonics of the stimulation frequencies (m<em>f</em>_<em>vis</em> ± n<em>f</em>_<em>aud</em>) were observed, suggesting non-linear integration of the visual and auditory emotion information into a unified representation. These IM provide evidence that common neural populations integrate signal from the two sensory streams. Importantly, IMs were absent in a control condition with mismatched facial and vocal emotion expressions. Our results provide direct evidence from non-invasive recordings in humans for common neural populations that integrate fearful facial and vocal emotional expressions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 19-31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive modes of attention: Evidence from attentional networks","authors":"Omer Linkovski ,&nbsp;Naama Katzin ,&nbsp;Aviv Avitan ,&nbsp;Noam Weinbach ,&nbsp;Avishai Henik","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Posner and Petersen (1990)</span></span> suggested that the attention system is composed of three networks: alerting, orienting, and executive functioning or control. Drawing on this theory, the Attentional Networks Test (ANT) was designed to quantify the functionality of the three attention networks. The ANT is used extensively in psychology, neuroscience, and medicine. Later adjustments of the ANT have demonstrated that the three attention networks do not operate independently and can interact.</div><div>The current study examined whether such interactions are constant or result from task demands. In three experiments (<em>N</em> = 147) we measured alerting, orienting, executive control and their interactions while manipulating task demands. The interactions between the three networks differed between experiments, with no interactions detected in the third experiment. We conclude that the interactions between executive functioning and alertness, and between executive functioning and orienting depend on spatial processes and are not an innate feature of attention. Our results suggest that the three attention networks can function independently, depending on task demands. Our findings offer experimental support for Posner and Petersen's theory (1990) and suggest a novel way to optimize attention measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 58-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neglect symptoms are related to a prediction-hypersensitivity in ipsilesional space","authors":"Simone Vossel ,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Käsbauer ,&nbsp;Paola Mengotti ,&nbsp;Claudia C. Schmidt ,&nbsp;Jochen Saliger ,&nbsp;Hans Karbe ,&nbsp;Gereon R. Fink","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precise cognitive mechanisms underlying spatial neglect are not fully understood. Recent studies have provided the first evidence for aberrant behavioral and electrophysiological prediction and prediction error responses in patients with neglect, but also in right-hemispheric (RH) stroke patients <em>without</em> neglect. For prediction-dependent attention, as assessed with Posner-type cueing paradigms with volatile cue-target contingencies, studies in healthy volunteers point to a crucial role of the right temporo-parietal junction (rTPJ) – as part of a network commonly disrupted in neglect. In order to study altered prediction-dependent attention in patients with RH damage and neglect, the present study employed a spatial cueing paradigm with unsignalled changes in the cue’s predictive value in 26 RH patients, 21 left-hemispheric (LH) patients, and 33 healthy elderly controls. The inference of the changing cue’s predictive value was assessed with a Rescorla-Wagner learning model of response times (RTs) and participants' ratings. We tested for lesion-side-dependent relationships between the computational model parameters, ratings, and neuropsychological performance. Moreover, we investigated links between the behavioral signatures of predictive processing and lesion anatomy (lesion location and disconnection). The results provided no evidence for a predictive inference deficit, but revealed a correlation between a hypersensitivity of RTs to inferred predictions for ipsilesional stimuli and neglect symptoms in RH patients. Irrespective of symptoms of neglect, the rating of the cue’s predictive value deviated more from the actual values in RH patients. RT hypersensitivity for ipsilesional targets was linked to disconnection within fronto-parietal, fronto-occipital, and temporo-parietal pathways. These findings provide novel insights into the role of altered prediction-dependent processing for neglect as assessed by different read-outs, highlighting an exaggerated response adaption to predictions of ipsilesional stimuli.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When do we find a third neural response to visual symmetry?","authors":"John Tyson-Carr ,&nbsp;Marco Bertamini ,&nbsp;Giulia Rampone ,&nbsp;Andrew Jones ,&nbsp;Alexis D.J. Makin","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human visual system is tuned to symmetry, and the neural response to visual symmetry has been well studied. One line of research measures an Event Related Potential (ERP) component called the Sustained Posterior Negativity (SPN). Amplitude is more negative at posterior electrodes when participants see symmetrical patterns compared to asymmetrical patterns. Source localization confirms that the SPN is generated by two dipoles in the left and right extrastriate cortex, in line with fMRI results. However, exploratory analysis by Tyson-Carr, Bertamini, Rampone, and Makin (2021) found a third symmetry response located approximately in the posterior cingulate peaking at around 600 msec. The third symmetry response was only generated in conditions where symmetry was 1) task relevant and 2) salient. We tested whether these findings are reliable by running source localization analysis on all suitable datasets from <em>the complete Liverpool SPN catalogue</em> (an online repository of all 40 SPN projects with 2215 participants <span><span>https://osf.io/2sncj/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). We predicted that less variance would be explained by a two-dipole model in experiments where participants classified regularity (hypothesis 1), and, when the third dipole is present, amplitude would correlate with that of the sensor-level SPN (hypothesis 2). Hypothesis 1 was not supported, while hypothesis 2 was. We conclude that the bilateral extrastriate symmetry response is sometimes followed by a third activation near the posterior cingulate. However, this third symmetry response is not as predictable as we had assumed. One possibility is that it may sometimes be hidden from average waveforms by temporal inconsistency between trials. This may happen more in experiments with longer presentation durations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 32-46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of the pulvinar in posterior cortical atrophy: A multimodal MRI study","authors":"Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Wuhai Tao ,&nbsp;Min Chu ,&nbsp;Deming Jiang ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Cui ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Yihao Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Han ,&nbsp;Caishui Yang ,&nbsp;Liyong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although the pulvinar is known for its visual function and extensive connections with cortical areas, the volumetric change and functional connectivity of the pulvinar in posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify functional and volumetric changes of the pulvinar in PCA patients and the relevant associations with higher visual dysfunction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 29 patients with PCA and 30 normal controls were recruited. Each participant underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and both structural and resting-state functional MRI scanning. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and seed-based functional connectivity analyses were conducted to assess pulvinar gray matter volume as well as functional connectivity between the pulvinar and whole brain regions. A partial correlation analysis was performed to analyze neuropsychological tests and pulvinar imaging data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cognitive and visual functions including visuospatial processing, visual perception, episodic memory, and naming were impaired among PCA patients. Marked pulvinar atrophy was noted in PCA patients. Furthermore, functional connectivity between the pulvinar and precuneus was significantly decreased in PCA patients as compared to normal controls (FWE corrected; <em>P</em> &lt; .001). Gray matter volume of the left pulvinar was found to associate with object agnosia (<em>r</em> = .53, <em>P</em> = .005) and prosopagnosia (<em>r</em> = .54, <em>P</em> = .005) among PCA patients. Gray matter volume of the right pulvinar was found to be associated with the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (<em>r</em> = −.52, <em>P</em> = .006) and Activities of Daily Living (<em>r</em> = −.59, <em>P</em> = .002) scores. Prosopagnosia correlated positively to the functional connectivity of the left pulvinar and left middle temporal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings support pulvinar degeneration and its contributions in PCA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 311-321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the road with Cortex","authors":"Roberto Cubelli","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 292-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cotard's syndrome before Cotard: A commentary on Connors et al. (2024): Delusions in postpartum psychosis: Implications for cognitive theories","authors":"Brian A. Sharpless ,&nbsp;Jan Dirk Blom","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 305-307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover figure","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0010-9452(24)00319-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0010-9452(24)00319-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Page e1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cotard syndrome across time and place","authors":"Michael H. Connors ,&nbsp;Peter W. Halligan","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 308-310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of phantom motor execution: A functional neuroimaging systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Kevin Pacheco-Barrios ,&nbsp;Robin Emily Heemels ,&nbsp;Daniela Martinez-Magallanes ,&nbsp;Marianna Daibes ,&nbsp;Cristina Naqui-Xicota ,&nbsp;Maria Andrade ,&nbsp;Felipe Fregni","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phantom motor execution (PME) shows promise as a new treatment for phantom limb pain (PLP) by inducing motor-related analgesia and retraining the pain network activation. However, the current understanding of the neural correlates underlying PME is limited. Databases were systematically searched for multimodal neuroimaging studies to explore the neural correlates of PME. A narrative synthesis (17 studies, <em>n</em> = 328) and coordinate-based meta-analysis were performed to identify activation commonalities. Contrasting PME-vs-REST revealed differential activation of the supplementary motor area (SMA), post-central gyrus, and dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus; while PME-vs-ME revealed differential activation of the right anterior insula, anterior cingulate, left amygdala, and right striatum. Further narrative synthesis revealed a positive correlation between PME-induced brain activity and PLP intensity, and a specific connectivity pattern during PME on the SMA–M1 network compared to ME and motor imagery. Our results suggest that the PME represents a distinct type of motor network activation, partially overlapping with ME and motor imagery activations but with special activation of interoceptive regulation and mood-related regions. Thus, confirming its potential as a therapeutic approach for PLP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}