Cortex最新文献

{"title":"A cognitive–motor framework for spatial navigation in aging and early-stage Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Paul F. Hill ,&nbsp;Arne D. Ekstrom","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spatial navigation is essential for wellbeing and independence and shows significant declines as part of age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. Navigation is also one of the earliest behaviors impacted by this devastating disease. Neurobiological models of aging and spatial navigation have focused primarily on the cognitive factors that account for impaired navigation abilities during the course of healthy aging and early stages of preclinical and prodromal Alzheimer's disease. The contributions of physical factors that are essential to planning and executing movements during successful navigation, such as gait and dynamic balance, are often overlooked despite also being vulnerable to early stages of neurodegenerative disease. We review emerging evidence that spatial navigation and functional mobility each draw on highly overlapping sensory systems, cognitive processes, and brain structures that are susceptible to healthy and pathological aging processes. Based on this evidence, we provide an alternative to models that have focused primarily on spatial navigation as a higher order cognitive function dependent on brain areas such as the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. Instead, we argue that spatial navigation may offer an ecologically valid cognitive-motor phenotype of age-related cognitive dysfunction. We propose that dual cognitive-motor deficits in spatial navigation may arise from early changes in neuromodulatory and peripheral sensory systems that precede changes in regions such as the entorhinal cortex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"185 ","pages":"Pages 133-150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual mental imagery in typical imagers and in aphantasia: A millimeter-scale 7-T fMRI study","authors":"Jianghao Liu ,&nbsp;Minye Zhan ,&nbsp;Dounia Hajhajate ,&nbsp;Alfredo Spagna ,&nbsp;Stanislas Dehaene ,&nbsp;Laurent Cohen ,&nbsp;Paolo Bartolomeo","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most of us effortlessly describe visual objects, whether seen or remembered. Yet, around 4% of people report congenital aphantasia: they struggle to visualize objects despite being able to describe their visual appearance. What neural mechanisms create this disparity between subjective experience and objective performance? Aphantasia can provide novel insights into conscious processing and awareness. We used ultra-high field 7T fMRI to establish the neural circuits involved in visual mental imagery and perception, and to elucidate the neural mechanisms associated with the processing of internally generated visual information in the absence of imagery experience in congenital aphantasia. Ten typical imagers and 10 aphantasic individuals performed imagery and perceptual tasks in five domains: object shape, object color, written words, faces, and spatial relationships. In typical imagers, imagery tasks activated left-hemisphere frontoparietal areas, the relevant domain-preferring areas in the ventral temporal cortex partly overlapping with the perceptual domain-preferring areas, and a domain-general area in the left fusiform gyrus (the Fusiform Imagery Node). The results were valid for each individual participant. In aphantasic individuals, imagery activated similar visual areas, but there was reduced functional connectivity between the Fusiform Imagery Node and frontoparietal areas. Our results unveil the domain-general and domain-specific circuits of visual mental imagery, their functional disorganization in aphantasia, and support the general hypothesis that conscious visual experience - whether perceived or imagined - depends on the integrated activity of high-level visual cortex and frontoparietal networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"185 ","pages":"Pages 113-132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luria's legacy in the era of cognitive neuroscience","authors":"Marco Catani ,&nbsp;Elkhonon Goldberg","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 311-313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and metabolic profiles in behavioural frontotemporal dementia: Impact of age at onset","authors":"Mattia Losa ,&nbsp;Sara Garbarino ,&nbsp;Alessio Cirone ,&nbsp;Lucia Argenti ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Lombardo ,&nbsp;Francesco Calizzano ,&nbsp;Nicola Girtler ,&nbsp;Andrea Brugnolo ,&nbsp;Pietro Mattioli ,&nbsp;Matteo Bauckneht ,&nbsp;Stefano Raffa ,&nbsp;Gianmario Sambuceti ,&nbsp;Antonio Canosa ,&nbsp;Stefano Caneva ,&nbsp;Michele Piana ,&nbsp;Giulia Bozzo ,&nbsp;Luca Roccatagliata ,&nbsp;Gianluca Serafini ,&nbsp;Antonio Uccelli ,&nbsp;Fabio Gotta ,&nbsp;Matteo Pardini","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder, with considerable variability of age-at-onset. We explored clinical and metabolic differences between early- and late-onset behavioural FTD (bvFTD), assuming that they might represent different disease phenotypes.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We retrospectively studied consecutive patients diagnosed with prodromal or overt bvFTD with [¹⁸F]FDG PET scan, neuropsychological assessment (NPS), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) available at baseline. Patients were divided into three groups based on age-at-onset: early onset-bvFTD (EO-bvFTD, age&lt;70), late onset-bvFTD (LO-bvFTD, age 70–75) and very late onset-bvFTD (vLO-bvFTD, age&gt;75). NPS and NPI were compared between groups and in the subset of prodromal patients, to study different syndromic phenotypes. Voxel-based analysis compared brain [¹⁸F]FDG PET of EO-bvFTD, LO-bvFTD and vLO-bvFTD independently, with respect to healthy controls, to explore metabolic differences. An inter-regional metabolic covariance analysis was performed in frontal lobe subregions, to explore differences in brain connectivity. Moreover, we supported our result using a correlation-based approach on clinical and metabolic variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>101 bvFTD (62 prodromal bvFTD) were enrolled (EO-bvFTD: <em>n</em> = 36, prodromal <em>n</em> = 21; LO-bvFTD: <em>n</em> = 36, prodromal: <em>n</em> = 22; vLO-bvFTD: <em>n</em> = 29, prodromal: <em>n</em> = 19). Greater verbal memory deficit was evident in LO-bvFTD and vLO-bvFTD compared to EO-bvFTD (immediate recall: <em>p</em> = .018; <em>p</em> = .024; delayed recall: both <em>p</em> = .001, respectively), with similar results in the subset of prodromal patients. EO-bvFTD and LO-bvFTD had a higher behavioural severity than vLO-bvFTD. LO-bvFTD and vLO-bvFTD showed more widespread relative hypometabolism, with a greater involvement of posterior, subcortical and temporo-limbic regions compared with EO-bvFTD. Moreover, vLO-bvFTD showed a different pattern of intrafrontal metabolic covariance compared to EO-bvFTD and LO-bvFTD.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The cognitive–behavioural profile of bvFTD differs between early- and late-onset, already from the prodromal stage of the disease. Both metabolic pattern and functional connectivity vary based on age-at-onset. Understanding these differences could contribute to improve diagnostic accuracy and understanding the underling pathological heterogeneity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"185 ","pages":"Pages 84-95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual differences in anterograde memory for details relate to posterior hippocampal volume","authors":"Jeremy Gardette ,&nbsp;Gabriel Besson ,&nbsp;Marion Baillet ,&nbsp;Lou Rizzolo ,&nbsp;Justinas Narbutas ,&nbsp;Maxime Van Egroo ,&nbsp;Daphne Chylinski ,&nbsp;Pierre Maquet ,&nbsp;Eric Salmon ,&nbsp;Gilles Vandewalle ,&nbsp;Fabienne Collette ,&nbsp;Christine Bastin","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, there has been a growing interest in individual differences in autobiographical memory. The ability to recall details from personal past events correlates with the volume of specific hippocampal subfields in healthy adults. Although the posterior hippocampus is believed to process detailed memory representations independently of the memory's age, little is known about individual differences in the ability to recall newly encoded events in detail, and how these differences relate to hippocampal subregions. In this preregistered study, we scored the story recalls from 89 healthy middle-aged participants with a newly designed method that allows to distinguish information recalled in detail from gist recall (i.e., when only the general idea is recalled). After a 20-min delay, detailed information was transformed into gists, which is in line with recent evidence that gists can emerge rapidly after a new experience. In addition, we segmented the anterior and posterior hippocampal subfields CA1, CA2/3, dentate gyrus, and subiculum from high-resolution structural MRI. As predicted, the volume of the posterior hippocampus was positively correlated with the detail score but not with the gist score, yet this effect was significant in the right hemisphere only. We also observed trends towards associations between the detail score and specific subfields of the right posterior hippocampus, but none survived statistical correction for multiple comparisons. Finally, we found no evidence for the expected age-related increase in the use of gists over details. Taken together, these results suggest that the posterior hippocampus supports detail memory in the recall of both remote and newly acquired memories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"185 ","pages":"Pages 64-73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive reserve types and depressive symptoms development in late-life: A population-based cohort study","authors":"Federico Triolo ,&nbsp;Giulia Grande ,&nbsp;Ingrid Ekström ,&nbsp;Erika J. Laukka ,&nbsp;Stefan Fors ,&nbsp;Anna Marseglia ,&nbsp;Serhiy Dekhtyar","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cognitive reserve (CR) describes individual differences in susceptibility to brain damage that translates into varying dementia onsets and may also influence the occurrence of depressive symptoms. Within a population-based cohort of older people, we investigated two operationalizations of CR, residual- and activity-based approaches, in their association with the development of depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed longitudinal data on 402 dementia- and depression-free adults aged 60+ from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) who underwent brain MRI at baseline. Residual-based reserve was derived by regressing episodic memory on a brain-integrity index incorporating six structural MRI markers. Activity-based reserve factored lifelong CR-enhancing experiences, including education, work complexity, social network, and leisure activities. Clinically relevant depressive symptoms were defined as a Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score &gt;6. Cox hazard models were used to explore the association between both residual- and activity-based CR measures (categorized in tertiles) and incidence of depressive symptoms over a 15-year follow-up, while accounting for sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral factors, and brain integrity. Analyses for the activity-based measure were replicated in the full SNAC-K sample (<em>N</em> = 2709), further exploring depression diagnosis as additional outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to low levels, higher levels of residual-based CR were associated with a lower hazard of depressive symptom onset in fully adjusted models (HR: .43, 95%CI .22, .84). While activity-based CR was not significantly associated with developing depressive symptoms in the MRI subsample (HR_high .47, 95%CI .21, 1.04), it was in the full sample (HR_high .52, 95%CI .39, .71). Activity-based CR was further associated with depression diagnoses in the full sample (HR_high: .45, 95%CI .31, .65).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Largely independent of its measurement, CR appears to influence depressive symptomatology in late life. Reserve-enhancing initiatives may be beneficial not only for cognitive but also for mental health in older people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"185 ","pages":"Pages 74-83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outbalanced: The cross-cortical effects of prefrontal neuromodulation in posterior parietal cortex","authors":"Maryam Farshad ,&nbsp;Beatrix Barth ,&nbsp;Jennifer Svaldi ,&nbsp;Christina Artemenko ,&nbsp;Philipp A. Schroeder","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive phenomena such as the Spatial–Numerical Association of Response Codes (SNARC) effect can arise in the fronto-parietal cortical network. Prior neuromodulation studies with cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) reduced the SNARC effect. Prior neuroimaging studies with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), however, showed signatures of the SNARC effect in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). In this study, we investigated the distant neural effect of prefrontal neuromodulation on hemodynamic activity in the parietal cortex by combining cathodal tDCS with fNIRS. The SNARC effect and the numerical distance effect (NDE) were assessed in an event-related cross-over design (<em>N</em> = 45), when cathodal tDCS of 1 mA at the left PFC was applied simultaneously during the measurement of fNIRS covering the bilateral PPC. At the behavioral level, prefrontal tDCS did not significantly reduce the SNARC effect, indicating that the replication failed here. Crucially, at the neuronal level, prefrontal tDCS reduced left parietal activation associated with the SNARC effect but not with the NDE. This neuronal effect of tDCS in a remote site was shown in preregistered primary region-of-interest analyses and in secondary all-channel analyses. The results showed how the combination of neuromodulation and neuroimaging shed light on the fronto-parietal network responsible for numerical cognition, and how fNIRS can assess the distant neural effects of cathodal tDCS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"185 ","pages":"Pages 96-112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aleksander Luria and Oliver Sacks: An inspiring correspondence","authors":"Sergio Della Sala ,&nbsp;Kate Edgar ,&nbsp;Elkhonon Goldberg ,&nbsp;Marco Catani","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aleksander Luria and Oliver Sacks corresponded from 1973 to Luria’s death in 1977. Here we reproduce and analyse the initial two years of their exchange, exploring their shared views on key themes including \"Romantic Science,\" the value of individual patient narratives, and the socio-historical context on brain development . The correspondence reveals Luria's mentorship of Sacks and his significant impact on Sacks' approach to neurological case studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 298-310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The network neuropsychology of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy","authors":"Camille Garcia-Ramos ,&nbsp;Aaron F. Struck ,&nbsp;Veena A. Nair ,&nbsp;Vivek Prabhakaran ,&nbsp;Theodore P. Imhoff-Smith ,&nbsp;Nagesh Adluru ,&nbsp;Dace N. Almane ,&nbsp;Jana E. Jones ,&nbsp;Bruce P. Hermann","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.12.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2024.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unknown in the clinical neuropsychology of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) is the impact of the disorder on the nature of the relationships of specific cognitive abilities among themselves including their patterns of integration, segregation, and topographical organization—that is, the network neuropsychology of JME remains to be addressed. Examined here is the status of cognitive networks in JME and whether similar network alterations are present in the unaffected siblings of patients with this genetic generalized epilepsy. Participants included 78 with JME (mean age = 19.8 <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></math></span> 3.7 yrs), 19 unaffected siblings (mean age = 15.9 <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></math></span> 3.3 yrs) and 43 unrelated controls (mean age = 20.2 <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></math></span> 3.2 yrs), all administered a comprehensive clinical neuropsychological battery from which 15 metrics served as nodes for graph theory analyses. Calculated were global metric indices (i.e., normalized global efficiency, normalized average clustering coefficient, modularity) and landmark “hubs” by calculating betweenness centrality. Salient JME network findings included: 1) significantly greater intercorrelation of test measures (i.e., increased positive manifold), 2) significantly lower segregation (i.e., normalized average clustering coefficient) but similar network efficiency (i.e., normalized global efficiency), and 3) significantly lower strength of the division of the cognitive modules in the network (i.e., modularity index). Regarding the topographical structure of identified cognitive networks (i.e., their community structure), unaffected siblings and unrelated controls demonstrated three cognitive modules (speed/executive function, perceptual, language) while JME demonstrated two modules—one of which was undifferentiated and “g-like”, and speed/executive function. Overall, JME is associated with less segregation of cognitive subsystems (i.e., modules) indicating less specialization in cognitive processes, abnormalities in the interrelationships of psychometric measures as well as the general configuration of their resulting cognitive networks (fewer in number and atypical in content and structure) which appear to be contributing to their generally poorer cognitive status compared to controls. Unaffected siblings show some penetrance of these atypical network features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"185 ","pages":"Pages 20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective memory and quality of life in older and younger autistic adults","authors":"Amanda Roestorf ,&nbsp;Dermot M. Bowler ,&nbsp;Sebastian B. Gaigg ,&nbsp;Patricia Howlin","doi":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cortex.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ageing in late adulthood is generally accompanied by diminished prospective memory (PM), which itself is associated with declining quality of life (QoL). Given that autistic individuals are often reported as having PM difficulties and diminished QoL, we aimed to establish whether these measures are also associated in these individuals as they grow older. We administered questionnaire measures of prospective and retrospective memory (PM and RM) and of overall and health-related quality of life (QoL) and experimental measures of time-based and event-based PM (TBPM and EBPM) to 35 autistic and 22 non-autistic adults aged from 23 to 80 years. The autistic participants reported higher levels of PM and RM difficulties than non-autistic participants but that these reports did not correlate with age nor with the experimental TBPM or EBPM measures in either group. Age correlated negatively with two of the experimental measures of TBPM for the non-autistic participants, replicating earlier studies. Autistic participants showed diminished performance on the TBPM but not the EBPM measures, replicating the majority of earlier PM studies in autism. Autistic participants also reported lower overall and health-related QoL, but there were no age-related differences for either measure in either diagnostic group. Self-reported PM and RM correlated significantly with health-related QoL in both the autistic and non-autistic participants. Overall QoL was positively associated with TBPM accuracy in the non-autistic participants. In addition to confirming earlier findings showing that autistic individuals have greater difficulties with TBPM compared to EBPM, our findings suggest that neither EBPM nor TBPM difficulties appear to adversely affect their overall or health-related QoL. The patterning of the autistic participants’ results also suggests that the mechanisms underlying their performance on the tasks used in this study may differ from those of the non-autistic participants, pointing to the need for careful task analysis when designing future investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10758,"journal":{"name":"Cortex","volume":"185 ","pages":"Pages 31-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}