Critical Reviews in Microbiology最新文献

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Damage-associated molecular patterns in viral infection: potential therapeutic targets. 病毒感染中的损伤相关分子模式:潜在的治疗目标。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2384885
Huizhen Tian, Qiong Liu, Xiaomin Yu, Yanli Cao, Xiaotian Huang
{"title":"Damage-associated molecular patterns in viral infection: potential therapeutic targets.","authors":"Huizhen Tian, Qiong Liu, Xiaomin Yu, Yanli Cao, Xiaotian Huang","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2384885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2384885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frequent viral infections leading to infectious disease outbreaks have become a significant global health concern. Fully elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the immune response against viral infections is crucial for epidemic prevention and control. The innate immune response, the host's primary defense against viral infection, plays a pivotal role and has become a breakthrough in research mechanisms. A component of the innate immune system, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are involved in inducing inflammatory responses to viral infections. Numerous DAMPs are released from virally infected cells, activating downstream signaling pathways <i>via</i> internal and external receptors on immune cells. This activation triggers immune responses and helps regulate viral host invasion. This review examines the immune regulatory mechanisms of various DAMPs, such as the S100 protein family, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and heat shock proteins, in various viral infections to provide a theoretical basis for designing novel antiviral drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards the discovery of novel molecular clocks in Prokaryotes. 在原核生物中发现新的分子钟。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-18 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2023.2220789
Augustin Géron, Johannes Werner, Ruddy Wattiez, Sabine Matallana-Surget
{"title":"Towards the discovery of novel molecular clocks in Prokaryotes.","authors":"Augustin Géron, Johannes Werner, Ruddy Wattiez, Sabine Matallana-Surget","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2220789","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2220789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diel cycle is of enormous biological importance as it imposes daily oscillation in environmental conditions, which temporally structures most ecosystems. Organisms developed biological time-keeping mechanisms - circadian clocks - that provide a significant fitness advantage over competitors by optimising the synchronisation of their biological activities. While circadian clocks are ubiquitous in Eukaryotes, they are so far only characterised in <i>Cyanobacteria</i> within Prokaryotes. However, growing evidence suggests that circadian clocks are widespread in the bacterial and archaeal domains. As Prokaryotes are at the heart of crucial environmental processes and are essential to human health, unravelling their time-keeping systems provides numerous applications in medical research, environmental sciences, and biotechnology. In this review, we elaborate on how novel circadian clocks in Prokaryotes offer research and development perspectives. We compare and contrast the different circadian systems in <i>Cyanobacteria</i> and discuss about their evolution and taxonomic distribution. We necessarily provide an updated phylogenetic analysis of bacterial and archaeal species that harbour homologs of the main cyanobacterial clock components. Finally, we elaborate on new potential clock-controlled microorganisms that represent opportunities of ecological and industrial relevance in prokaryotic groups such as anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria, methanogenic archaea, methanotrophs or sulphate-reducing bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"491-503"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9642323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polyamine as a microenvironment factor in resistance to antibiotics. 多胺是抗生素耐药性的微环境因素。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2023.2223277
Amrita C Bhagwat, Sunil D Saroj
{"title":"Polyamine as a microenvironment factor in resistance to antibiotics.","authors":"Amrita C Bhagwat, Sunil D Saroj","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2223277","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2223277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the main issues in modern medicine is the decrease in the efficacy of antibiotic therapy against resistant microorganisms. The advent of antimicrobial resistance has added significantly to the impact of infectious diseases, in number of infections, as well as added healthcare costs. The development of antibiotic tolerance and resistance is influenced by a variety of environmental variables, and it is important to identify these environmental factors as part of any strategy for combating antibiotic resistance. The review aims to emphasize that biogenic polyamines are one of such environmental cues that impacts the antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The biogenic polyamines can help bacteria acquire resistance to antibiotics either by regulating the level of number of porin channels in the outer membrane, by modifying the outer membrane liposaccharides or by protecting macromolecule from antibiotic stress. Thus, understanding the way polyamines function in bacteria can thus be beneficial while designing the drugs to combat diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"504-513"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9672942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Macrophage biology in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. 幽门螺旋杆菌感染发病机制中的巨噬细胞生物学。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2366944
Xiao Fei, Nianshuang Li, Xinbo Xu, Yin Zhu
{"title":"Macrophage biology in the pathogenesis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection.","authors":"Xiao Fei, Nianshuang Li, Xinbo Xu, Yin Zhu","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2366944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2366944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infection with <i>H. pylori</i> induces chronic gastric inflammation, progressing to peptic ulcer and stomach adenocarcinoma. Macrophages function as innate immune cells and play a vital role in host immune defense against bacterial infection. However, the distinctive mechanism by which <i>H. pylori</i> evades phagocytosis allows it to colonize the stomach and further aggravate gastric preneoplastic pathology. <i>H. pylori</i> exacerbates gastric inflammation by promoting oxidative stress, resisting macrophage phagocytosis, and inducing M1 macrophage polarization. M2 macrophages facilitate the proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells. Various molecular mechanisms governing macrophage function in the pathogenesis of <i>H. pylori</i> infection have been identified. In this review, we summarize recent findings of macrophage interactions with <i>H. pylori</i> infection, with an emphasis on the regulatory mechanisms that determine the clinical outcome of bacterial infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gut microbiota-lncRNA/circRNA crosstalk: implications for different diseases. 肠道微生物群-lncRNA/circRNA串扰:对不同疾病的影响。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2375516
Lei Zhang, Xin Li, Huijuan Gao, Wenguang Chang, Peifeng Li
{"title":"Gut microbiota-lncRNA/circRNA crosstalk: implications for different diseases.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Xin Li, Huijuan Gao, Wenguang Chang, Peifeng Li","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2375516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2375516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota features an abundance of diverse microorganisms and represents an important component of human physiology and metabolic homeostasis, indicating their roles in a wide array of physiological and pathological processes in the host. Maintaining balance in the gut microbiota is critical for normal functionality as microbial dysbiosis can lead to the occurrence and development of diseases through various mechanisms. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that perform important regulatory functions for many processes. Furthermore, the gut microbiota and lncRNAs/circRNAs are known to interact in a range of both physiological and pathological activities. In this article, we review existing research relevant to the interaction between the gut microbiota and lncRNAs/circRNAs and investigate the role of their crosstalk in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Studies have shown that, the gut microbiota can target lncRNAs ENO1-IT1, BFAL1, and LINC00152 to regulate colorectal cancer development <i>via</i> various signaling pathways. In addition, the gut microbiota can influence mental diseases and lung tumor metastasis by modulating circRNAs such as circNF1-419, circ_0001239, circHIPK2 and mmu_circ_0000730. These findings provide a theoretical basis for disease prevention and treatment and suggest that gut microbiota-lncRNA/circRNA crosstalk has high clinical value.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Current and novel therapies for management of Acinetobacter baumannii-associated pneumonia. 治疗鲍曼不动杆菌相关肺炎的现有疗法和新型疗法。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369948
Aye Mya Sithu Shein, Parichart Hongsing, O'Rorke Kevin Smith, Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen, Kazuhiko Miyanaga, Longzhu Cui, Hitoshi Ishikawa, Mohan Amarasiri, Peter N Monk, Anthony Kicic, Tanittha Chatsuwan, Daniel Pletzer, Paul G Higgins, Shuichi Abe, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama
{"title":"Current and novel therapies for management of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>-associated pneumonia.","authors":"Aye Mya Sithu Shein, Parichart Hongsing, O'Rorke Kevin Smith, Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen, Kazuhiko Miyanaga, Longzhu Cui, Hitoshi Ishikawa, Mohan Amarasiri, Peter N Monk, Anthony Kicic, Tanittha Chatsuwan, Daniel Pletzer, Paul G Higgins, Shuichi Abe, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a common pathogen associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia showing increased resistance to carbapenem and colistin antibiotics nowadays. Infections with <i>A. baumannii</i> cause high patient fatalities due to their capability to evade current antimicrobial therapies, emphasizing the urgency of developing viable therapeutics to treat <i>A. baumannii</i>-associated pneumonia. In this review, we explore current and novel therapeutic options for overcoming therapeutic failure when dealing with <i>A. baumannii</i>-associated pneumonia. Among them, antibiotic combination therapy administering several drugs simultaneously or alternately, is one promising approach for optimizing therapeutic success. However, it has been associated with inconsistent and inconclusive therapeutic outcomes across different studies. Therefore, it is critical to undertake additional clinical trials to ascertain the clinical effectiveness of different antibiotic combinations. We also discuss the prospective roles of novel antimicrobial therapies including antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophage-based therapy, repurposed drugs, naturally-occurring compounds, nanoparticle-based therapy, anti-virulence strategies, immunotherapy, photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, for utilizing them as additional alternative therapy while tackling <i>A. baumannii</i>-associated pneumonia. Importantly, these innovative therapies further require pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation for safety, stability, immunogenicity, toxicity, and tolerability before they can be clinically approved as an alternative rescue therapy for <i>A. baumannii</i>-associated pulmonary infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fusarium and Neocosmospora: fungal priority pathogens in laboratory diagnosis. 镰刀菌和新孢子菌:实验室诊断中的真菌重点病原体。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369693
Valeri Sáenz, Andrés Felipe Lizcano Salas, Josepa Gené, Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez
{"title":"<i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Neocosmospora</i>: fungal priority pathogens in laboratory diagnosis.","authors":"Valeri Sáenz, Andrés Felipe Lizcano Salas, Josepa Gené, Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Neocosmospora</i> are two fungal genera recently recognized in the list of fungal priority pathogens. They cause a wide range of diseases that affect humans, animals, and plants. In clinical laboratories, there is increasing concern about diagnosis due to limitations in sample collection and morphological identification. Despite the advances in molecular diagnosis, due to the cost, some countries cannot implement these methodologies. However, recent changes in taxonomy and intrinsic resistance to antifungals reveal the necessity of accurate species-level identification. In this review, we discuss the current phenotypic and molecular tools available for diagnosis in clinical laboratory settings and their advantages and disadvantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Host and bacterial lipid metabolism during tuberculosis infections: possibilities to synergise host- and bacteria-directed therapies. 结核病感染期间宿主和细菌的脂质代谢:协同宿主和细菌导向疗法的可能性。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2370979
Teun van der Klugt, Robin H G A van den Biggelaar, Anno Saris
{"title":"Host and bacterial lipid metabolism during tuberculosis infections: possibilities to synergise host- and bacteria-directed therapies.","authors":"Teun van der Klugt, Robin H G A van den Biggelaar, Anno Saris","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2370979","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2370979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>Mtb</i>) is the causative pathogen of tuberculosis, the most lethal infectious disease resulting in 1.3 million deaths annually. Treatments against <i>Mtb</i> are increasingly impaired by the growing prevalence of antimicrobial drug resistance, which necessitates the development of new antibiotics or alternative therapeutic approaches. Upon infecting host cells, predominantly macrophages, <i>Mtb</i> becomes critically dependent on lipids as a source of nutrients. Additionally, <i>Mtb</i> produces numerous lipid-based virulence factors that contribute to the pathogen's ability to interfere with the host's immune responses and to create a lipid rich environment for itself. As lipids, lipid metabolism and manipulating host lipid metabolism play an important role for the virulence of <i>Mtb</i>, this review provides a state-of-the-art overview of mycobacterial lipid metabolism and concomitant role of host metabolism and host-pathogen interaction therein. While doing so, we will emphasize unexploited bacteria-directed and host-directed drug targets, and highlight potential synergistic drug combinations that hold promise for the development of new therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Roles of alcohol dehydrogenase 1 in the biological activities of Candida albicans. 醇脱氢酶 1 在白色念珠菌生物活性中的作用。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2371510
Ziqi Wang, Qi Zhang, Haoying Zhang, Yuanyuan Lu
{"title":"Roles of alcohol dehydrogenase 1 in the biological activities of <i>Candida albicans</i>.","authors":"Ziqi Wang, Qi Zhang, Haoying Zhang, Yuanyuan Lu","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2371510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2371510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida albicans</i> stands as the foremost prevalent human commensal pathogen and a significant contributor to nosocomial fungal infections. In the metabolism of <i>C. albicans</i>, alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (Adh1) is one of the important enzymes that converts acetaldehyde produced by pyruvate decarboxylation into ethanol at the end of glycolysis. Leveraging the foundational processes of alcoholic fermentation, Adh1 plays an active role in multiple biological phenomena, including biofilm formation, interactions between different species, the development of drug resistance, and the potential initiation of gastrointestinal cancer. Additionally, Adh1 within <i>C. albicans</i> has demonstrated associations with regulating the cell cycle, stress responses, and various intracellular states. Furthermore, Adh1 is extracellularly localized on the cell wall surface, where it plays roles in processes such as tissue invasion and host immune responses. Drawing from an analysis of <i>ADH1</i> gene structure, expression patterns, and fundamental functions, this review elucidates the intricate connections between Adh1 and various biological processes within <i>C. albicans</i>, underscoring its potential implications for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of candidiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in bovine mastitis and its possible implications for human and ecological health. 牛乳腺炎抗生素耐药性的遗传基础及其对人类和生态健康的可能影响。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369140
Wendy Johana Velasco Garcia, Nilton Araripe Dos Santos Neto, Thuanny Borba Rios, Mariana Rocha Maximiano, Camila Maurmann de Souza, Octávio Luiz Franco
{"title":"Genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in bovine mastitis and its possible implications for human and ecological health.","authors":"Wendy Johana Velasco Garcia, Nilton Araripe Dos Santos Neto, Thuanny Borba Rios, Mariana Rocha Maximiano, Camila Maurmann de Souza, Octávio Luiz Franco","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine mastitis is a mammary gland inflammation that can occur due to infectious pathogens, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, which are, respectively, the most prevalent Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria associated with this disease. Currently, antibiotic treatment has become more complicated due to the presence of resistant pathogens. This review, therefore, aims to identify the most common resistance genes reported for these strains in the last four years. During the review, it was noted that <i>bla</i><sub>Z</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>SHV,</sub> <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>ampC</sub> are the most reported genes for <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli,</i> associated with drug inactivation, mainly β-lactamases. They are characterized by generating bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, the most common treatment in animal and human bacterial treatments (penicillins and cephalosporins, among others). Genes associated with efflux systems were also present in the two strains and included <i>norA, tetA, tetC</i>, and <i>tetK</i>, which generate resistance to macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics. Additionally, the effects of spreading resistance between animals and humans through direct contact (such as consumption of contaminated milk) or indirect contact (through environmental contamination) has been deeply discussed, emphasizing the importance of having adequate sanitation and antibiotic control and administration protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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