University Scientific Notes最新文献

{"title":"Peculiarities of the Functions of Public Administration in the Field of Social Security","authors":"Petro Semyanchuk, Tetiana Fasolko, O. Fedorchuk, Oksana Kleemann","doi":"10.37491/unz.89-90.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.89-90.9","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>...</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116381377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intellectual Property Literacy: A National Intellectual Property Lifelong Learning Program","authors":"Olha Kulinich","doi":"10.37491/unz.89-90.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.89-90.1","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>...</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121663741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutional and Regulatory Components of State Administration in the Field of Energy Security","authors":"Vladyslav Kuz","doi":"10.37491/unz.89-90.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.89-90.8","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>...</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126908806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Types of Exemption from Testimony under the Legislation of Ukraine and the Legislation of the Countries of the European Union","authors":"I. Semeniuk","doi":"10.37491/unz.88.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.88.5","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>...</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121178516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spread of Pseudo-laws of the Criminal Subculture through the Internet as a Manifestation of Cybercrime","authors":"Dmytro Vyhovskyi","doi":"10.37491/unz.88.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.88.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to certain issues of the spread of pseudo-laws of the criminal subculture by modern technologies of the Internet. The special danger of this phenomenon is pointed out as one of the mechanisms for the recovery of crime, including one of the most dangerous types of crime, namely organized crime. The works of most scientists in the field of criminology, both in Soviet times and today, are mentioned, pointing to the social danger of the spread of criminal subculture. It is noted that scientific and technical progress, beyond all its usefulness for society, simultaneously facilitated the process of spreading criminal subculture among the most diverse strata of the population. It is indicated that before the spread of the World Wide Web, the main mechanisms for the spread of criminal subculture have been mass criminalization of the population by mass media and individual criminalization of people and groups by the carriers of pseudo-laws of the criminal community. In the conditions of the availability of the World Wide Web, the spread of these pseudo-laws by popularizing a criminal lifestyle in social networks and other Internet resources comes to the fore. The subculture «AUE» spread in the Russian Federation and on the territory of Ukraine is analyzed as a specific organization, the main goal of which is to achieve the goals of the criminal community, in particular — the conversion of new members of the organization who profess the pseudo-laws of the criminal community, the collection of funds to ensure the functioning of criminal communities. The issue of the feasibility of considering the spread of criminal subculture through Internet resources as one of the manifestations of cybercrime is raised. The concept of cybercrime and its individual types is analyzed. In particular, two types of perception of cybercrime are offered — in a narrow sense (criminal offenses committed in the field of functioning of computer technologies) and in a broad sense — criminal offenses associated with the use of the Internet for the dissemination of socially harmful information. It is summarized that the use of Internet resources to popularize the criminal subculture in a broad sense is one of the manifestations of cybercrime.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121313623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the Launch of the Nord Stream 2 Gas Pipeline on the Political Situation in the EU and Ukraine","authors":"Inna Shevchuk","doi":"10.37491/unz.88.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.88.8","url":null,"abstract":"The article establishes that the availability of fuel and energy resources becomes a tool of powerful influence in the international arena. When researching the mentioned problems, the significant influence of Russian capital and joint projects on the processes of formation and adoption of foreign policy decisions, changes in the vector of foreign state policy in lobbying interests by Russia is shown. The work proves that the exporting state builds its foreign policy from a position of strength and protects national interests through strategic and tactical manipulations (regulation of energy market prices in the interests of partner countries; creation of conditions for artificial deficit; use of energy dependence of importing countries for lobbying interests in foreign policy or coercion into strategically disadvantageous alliances). The political prerequisites and specifics of the positioning of the USA, EU member states and Ukraine in terms of the construction and commissioning of the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline are analysed, the possible impact on the state of European security and the consequences for Ukraine are determined. The behaviour strategy and state policy of supporters and opponents within the framework of project implementation are outlined. It is established that support for the launch of the gas pipeline by Germany, as a key player of the EU, especially during military operations on the territory of Ukraine, may lead to a change in positions in the format of the alliance's functioning. In Ukraine, the launch of the Nord Stream-2 gas pipeline is a direct threat to national interests and the integrity of state borders, as the challenges and threats are both economic (blocking gas supplies, limiting the volume of gas transit through the territory of U kraine) and geopolitical in nature (being at the intersection of spheres of influence EU and NATO Ukraine must balance and adjust the vector of foreign policy).","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128537264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoption of Children by Foreigners According to the Family Legislation Applicable on Ukrainian Lands during the 10th–21st Centuries","authors":"A. Solovei","doi":"10.37491/unz.88.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.88.3","url":null,"abstract":"In the scientific article the author conducts a scientific study of the development of the legal regulation of the adoption of children by foreign citizens according to the legislation that was in force in Ukrainian lands starting from the provisions of canonical and customary law of the Rus period to the norms of the Marriage and Family Code of the Ukrainian SSR of 1969 year. On the basis of the conducted research the author comes to the conclusion that adoption as a family legal institution arose only in the second half of the 18th century, before that it was not regulated by acts of family legislation (with the existence at the same time of the institution of guardianship of orphans and children deprived of parental care). At the same time, the possibility of adoption was foreseen by the norms of canon law, and in customary family practice, adoption was carried out through the reception of a child into the family with the rights of an adoptee in accordance with the family’s own decision regarding an orphan child or a child deprived of parental care, an reception agreement between adoptive parents and natural parents of a child; the relevant legal facts were confirmed both by the adoptive parents themselves in the respective applications and in the wills of these persons, according to which the property belonging to them was transferred to the adopted child. For the first time, the procedure and legal consequences of adoption were regulated by the provisions of «The Laws by Which the Malorussian People are Judged» and later — by the provisions of the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire, the Galician Civil Code and the Austrian Civil Code. These legal acts did not directly provide for the possibility of adoption by foreigners, although they did not prohibit it. The exception was the provisions of the Code of Laws, according to which the conditions for the adoption of a child by foreigners were stipulated — the parents of such a child are unknown, the child must be brought up in the traditions of the Orthodox faith and baptized accordingly. In the future, the adoption of children by foreigners was provided for by the provisions of the 1969 Marriage and Family Code, respectively, provided for the adoption of children by citizens of the USSR (the family codes of the Soviet political entities, adopted in 1919 and 1926, did not contain regulations on the adoption of children by foreigners). At the same time, a special procedure for the adoption of a child by a foreigner was provided for only in 1996. In particular, priority was given to the adoption of a child by a citizen of Ukraine before adoption by a foreigner; the need for a foreigner to be registered for a year, to provide the adopted child with the minimum amount of rights provided for by the family legislation of Ukraine and to supervise the adopted child.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121963975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Aspects of Transnational Practice of Corruption Prevention and Prospects of Their Implementation in Ukraine","authors":"Z. Kisil, Roman-Volodymyr Kisil","doi":"10.37491/unz.88.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.88.1","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of scientific intelligence is that the existing problem of preventing corruption is not only a national problem, but also a global problem. The purpose of the article is to study the international experience in preventing corruption offenses in order to implement it in domestic law. The methodological basis of our scientific article is a system of methods and techniques of scientific knowledge, namely: systems analysis, comparative-implementation method, statistical method, retrospective method. The article provides a systematic review of international concepts for the prevention of corruption offenses. It is noted that in the current globalization processes that take place in modern society, the need to implement positive foreign experience in the system of current legislation of Ukraine is extremely important. A thorough analysis of a number of measures of the highly developed states aimed at preventing corruption offenses was also carried out. Positive experience of the states with the lowest level of corruption is positioned, indicating the ways to achieve such a result. The article analyses the anti-corruption strategies of such countries as Singapore, the Netherlands, Belgium, Israel, the United States of America, the Slovak Republic, Germany and Poland. Attention is drawn to the fact that in countries with low levels of corruption, repressive measures prevailing in anti-corruption models are combined with the comprehensive elimination of the determinants of corruption offenses. The article notes that the latest strategy to prevent corruption always requires the development of active cooperation between government agencies, law enforcement agencies and civil society in preventing and combating corruption offenses. At the same time, an important determinant of preventing corruption offenses is the growth of social consciousness. Emphasis is placed on the fact that corruption offenses are an extremely dangerous phenomenon, which, unfortunately, is common to all countries of the modern world. It is noted that a number of foreign countries have managed to create a modern and effective algorithm for preventing and combating corruption offenses. Taking into the consideration the European vector of our state, there is an urgent need to create and implement a new anti-corruption policy, taking into account the positive aspects of existing international experience.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129215290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Health Strategic Programs in the Area of Anti-HIV/AIDS at the Regional Level in Ukraine (Case of Sumy Region)","authors":"O. Demikhov, L. Panasenko, Vira Motrechko, N. Demikhova","doi":"10.37491/unz.88.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.88.9","url":null,"abstract":"Today, according to WHO and UNAIDS, Ukraine remains a region with a high prevalence of HIV infection in Eastern Europe and Central Asia and is one of the leaders in the number of HIV-positive people. According to the Public Health Centre of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, more than 350,000 cases of HIV infection were registered in Ukraine between 1987 and 2020, including almost 120,000 cases of AIDS and more than 50,000 deaths from diseases caused by AIDS. Almost 240,000 HIV-positive people are under medical supervision. In the country, the epidemic continues to spread among the general population due to the increasing epidemic importance of sexual transmission of HIV, which currently accounts for 65.6 % of first-time HIV patients, and the leading role of key at-risk groups (people who use drugs, people who provide sexual services for a fee, men who have sex with men, and their partners) in the spread of HIV. In the context of health care reform, the issue of achieving the Global Goal of Combating HIV/AIDS «95-95-95» remains extremely important, which is that by 2030 95 % of HIV-infected people should know their diagnosis, 95 % of them — receive treatment, and 95 % of these people have an indeterminate level of viral load. Also, the priority area of activity is to ensure equal access of the population to HIV treatment and prevention services, including representatives of key risk groups. Therefore, we consider the topic of our study relevant. The purpose of the study: is to develop strategic public health programs in the field of HIV/AIDS and to identify priority areas for further prevention of the spread of HIV/AIDS at the regional level. The scientific sources are analysed, different approaches to strategic public health management are studied, the directions of further research are chosen. General scientific theoretical methods are used to solve the outlined tasks and achieve the research goal: study and analysis of scientific sources on health care, HIV/AIDS, statistical and accounting documents, research data and assumptions. The results of the study allow to scientifically substantiate the priority areas of state policy in the field of combating the spread of HIV/AIDS and to determine the financial component of measures to combat the spread of HIV/AIDS. It is advisable for researchers to further focus on the study of strategic directions in the field of HIV/AIDS and their financial component in order to effectively implement management plans in this area.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127554541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preservation and Protection of Traditional Family Values as a Form of Social Service of the Churches and Confessions in Ukraine","authors":"N. Kulish","doi":"10.37491/unz.88.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.88.10","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of social service of churches and confessions of Ukraine in the field of preservation and protection of traditional family values. It is noted that today, despite the ingrained understanding of the value of the family institution, respect for family values, trends of its systemic crisis are actually being observed in society. Churches and confessions of our country can have and currently demonstrate significant potential in overcoming such a crisis, taking into account the important spiritual influence on a significant part of society. It is established that in the Ukrainian context inter-religious interaction is carried out in this field, the state-religious partnership is fruitful. Examples of successful interfaith initiatives that had nationwide resonance are given. Aspects of state-confessional interaction are shown. Emphasis is placed on the active, personalized participation of churches and confessions of Ukraine in processes aimed at preserving and protecting the family, popularizing family values, and their institutional readiness for such activities. It is noted that the confessional initiatives are structured, have acquired clear organizational forms, and a variety of manifestations. Examples of successful formats for the implementation of social services aimed at preventing destructive challenges that can negatively affect marital and family relations, as well as formats designed to minimize, weaken, and eliminate already existing problems in family life, are given. It is about starting information resources, publishing manuals, creating specialized educational institutions; spiritual conferences, forums, symposia, festivals, marches; schools, family recreation camps, family picnics, quests, clubs, competitions; trainings, crisis counselling, thematic lectures, special training for cult ministers; organization of shelters, social centres, etc. It is determined that in Ukrainian society, the opinion about the social service of churches and confessions is established as an important component of the moral improvement of the institution of the family. It is found out that the social service of religious communities has great prospects for further approval and implementation, in particular in the aspect of helping to overcome post-traumatic syndrome and rehabilitation of the families of participants in the Russian-Ukrainian war; work with families who lost husbands/wives/children as a result of Russia's armed aggression; development of service among migrant families; consolidation of efforts to influence the development of comprehensive state policy, especially regarding migration; assistance in the rehabilitation of family members with various types of addictions; further involvement in popularizing traditional family values.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125766746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}