Composites Part B: Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Multiscale modelling of residual thermal stresses and off-axis bending in 3D braided composites","authors":"Xinyi Song ,&nbsp;Jin Zhou ,&nbsp;Kirk Ming Yeoh ,&nbsp;Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Shenghao Zhang ,&nbsp;Karthikayen Raju ,&nbsp;Xuefeng Chen ,&nbsp;Zhongwei Guan ,&nbsp;Wesley J. Cantwell ,&nbsp;Vincent Beng Chye Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the failure of three-dimensional (3D) braided ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) at the structural scale are inherently influenced by their complex braid architecture at the mesoscale, a multiscale modelling method is proposed to investigate the mechanical response and damage evolution of 3D braided CMCs under combined loads induced by off-axis bending. The measured load-displacement response from off-axis three-point bend tests on 3D braided CMCs specimens for different off-axis angles agreed well with the model predictions. The study has identified the sequence and extent of various modes of damage, such as yarn breakage, matrix cracking, and yarn stripping. The multiscale model is also employed to analyze residual thermal stresses and the flexural response of 3D braided CMCs at different temperatures. The results indicate that the stiffness of the composite increases with temperature and peaks around 1000 °C. Above this temperature, the weakening of matrix-fiber interfacial bonding and the accumulation of internal damage results in a gradual decrease in the elastic modulus, with significant reductions observed above 1500 °C. These findings provide insight into the design and optimization of 3D braided CMCs destined for use in high-temperature and complex service environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112972"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryogenic damage mechanism of CFRP laminates under bending load via in-situ fiber-optic acoustic emission and mode decomposition","authors":"Yi-fan Su ,&nbsp;Sai-nan Wang ,&nbsp;Lian-hua Ma ,&nbsp;Hong Gao ,&nbsp;Hong-shuai Lei ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical performance of composite materials under cryogenic environments presents significant challenges to structural reliability. Current limitations in <em>in-situ</em> characterization techniques hinder the comprehensive understanding of damage evolution mechanisms under cryogenic bending loads. To address this, flexural damage behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates at temperatures as low as 123 K was systematically investigated using <em>in-situ</em> fiber-optic acoustic emission (AE) testing. A refined damage mode identification method, integrating mode decomposition analysis and a novel deep learning algorithm, was adopted to elucidate the cryogenic damage mechanisms. Results reveal that cryogenic environments significantly reduce the damage initiation strain threshold and compress the temporal intervals between damage modes, thereby promoting homogenization of damage development and the dissipation of mechanical energy. Although cryogenic temperatures strengthen the resin matrix and the bonding at the matrix-fiber interface, matrix embrittlement at 123 K markedly decreases the delamination resistance, serving as the key contributing factor to strength degradation. Notably, the refined damage identification methodology achieves over 99 % classification accuracy in identifying four critical damage modes across different temperature conditions while effectively recovering hidden information related to fiber/matrix debonding and fiber breakage. This study advances the understanding of cryogenic damage mechanisms in composite materials and establishes a robust framework for real-time damage assessment in cryogenic engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112994"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybridization in natural fiber composites: Enhanced performance and sustainability","authors":"Sourav Saha ,&nbsp;Sreekanta Das ,&nbsp;Md Zillur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybridization in natural fiber composites (NFCs) has emerged as a prominent strategy for enhancing mechanical, thermal, and environmental performance while maintaining their inherent ecological benefits. This comprehensive review systematically explores various hybridization approaches, including natural-natural fiber hybrids, natural-synthetic fiber hybrids, and the incorporation of microfillers, macrofillers, and nanofillers. Cutting-edge manufacturing techniques such as vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding, autoclave molding, and additive manufacturing (3D printing) have significantly enhanced composite quality by mitigating critical challenges related to poor fiber-matrix interfacial adhesion, moisture uptake, and variability in mechanical properties. Despite these advances, intrinsic limitations of natural fibers—including interfacial compatibility, moisture-induced degradation, and performance inconsistency—continue to impede widespread adoption. Economic considerations, balancing cost and performance, remain crucial to commercial feasibility. Life cycle assessments consistently underscore the environmental superiority of hybrid NFCs, highlighting their biodegradability and significantly lower carbon footprint relative to conventional synthetic composites. The review further highlights emerging trends toward fully bio-based resins, enhanced nanofiller reinforcements, and improved surface treatments designed to improve durability and scalability. Crucially, the establishment of standardized testing techniques and comprehensive long-term performance data under realistic service conditions is necessary to facilitate industrial integration. The rapid advancement of hybrid NFCs establishes them as promising materials for automotive, aerospace, construction, and biomedical sectors, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach to align performance targets with sustainable development goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112986"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and testing of an element test specimen for fatigue delamination crack growth initiating at a ply drop","authors":"Xing-Yuan Miao,&nbsp;Nicolai Frost-Jensen Johansen,&nbsp;Ashish K. Bangaru,&nbsp;Malcolm McGugan,&nbsp;Ruben I. Erives,&nbsp;Bent F. Sørensen","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we propose an element test specimen to explore the monitoring and predictability of fatigue delamination crack growth from a ply drop. The design procedure to create an element test specimen out of a full composite blade is presented. The focus of this work is on the design challenges of the specimens and the measurement of growth rate of the fatigue delamination crack. An analytical ply drop model is used to determine the design parameters of the element test specimen, i.e. the ply thickness, the thickness of the underlying layers, and the applied load levels. The present element test specimen is designed for cyclic tension–tension loading. During the testing, three damage evaluation methods, digital image correlation (DIC), acoustic emission (AE), and infrared (IR) thermography are applied to track the fatigue delamination crack growth. The growth rate of the fatigue delamination crack is estimated quantitatively from the crack tip displacement fields obtained by DIC and the localisation of events captured by AE sensors, respectively. Results show that after the crack has extended approx. 80 mm, the delamination crack tip propagates at an approx. constant growth rate consistent with steady state as the crack bridging zone is fully-developed. The crack extension values estimated by the three damage evaluation methods are in reasonably good agreement at high strains. However field blades in operation are loaded much lower than the test specimens. In field, AE might be possible for detecting subsurface delamination cracks, but IR thermography from the outside of a rotating blade is likely to be very limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112977"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-powered composite foam smart glove with cross-dimensional conductive networks for sign language recognition","authors":"Weiwei He ,&nbsp;Fangxin Wan ,&nbsp;Yunlong Liu ,&nbsp;Guanyang Wu ,&nbsp;Puye Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingshuo Xiong ,&nbsp;Xinyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Tianyi Hang ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Kejie Chen ,&nbsp;Boce Xue ,&nbsp;Runsheng Li ,&nbsp;Guofang Hu ,&nbsp;Zihao Li ,&nbsp;Yuyao Wu ,&nbsp;Jianhao Zhu ,&nbsp;Teng Xiang ,&nbsp;Jiajia Zheng ,&nbsp;Yanzheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of wearable sensor-based sign language recognition systems has become a solution to facilitate effective communication among hearing-impaired groups, but achieving high integration, sign language standardization, and anti-environmental interference remains challenging. Here, we design a smart glove system for real-time sign language interpretation based on a composite foam with a cross-dimensional conductive network, integrating flexible switches, pressure sensors, custom miniaturized circuits, and deep learning modules. The sensor exhibits electromagnetic shielding, thermal management, and antibacterial capabilities, enhancing the smart glove's adaptability to the external environment. The elastic conductive framework of the foam allows the system to realize the start/stop function and fast response to gestures. In addition, a deep learning model of multi-component collaboration and mechanism fusion is constructed, along with the establishment of a comprehensive set of sign language rules, which realizes 99.4 % accurate recognition of 26 letters through only three pressure sensors. Overall, our proposed strategy provides a new way for smart gloves to work stably in harsh environments, and is expected to eliminate communication barriers among hearing-impaired groups due to sign language diversity and cultural differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112985"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep-learning-based image-driven modelling of woven ceramic matrix composites: incorporating real void morphology and damage-induced behaviour","authors":"Weiyu Guo ,&nbsp;Long Wang ,&nbsp;Chuantao Hou ,&nbsp;Yonglong Du ,&nbsp;Chao Chen ,&nbsp;Daxu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An image-driven method for generating high-fidelity finite element models for woven ceramic matrix composites is presented in this paper. The model incorporates the real morphologies of fibre tows, matrix, and inter-tow voids. With high-resolution X-ray CT scans of plain woven C_f/SiC composites, a deep-learning-based image segmentation method was employed to accurately segment the fibre tows from the CT images. A convex hull-based algorithm, alongside a thorough tow trajectory tracking method, was developed to handle fibre tow intersections and categorise the cross-sections of the fibre tows in the segmented images. For void identification, a rapid approach based on the watershed transform was implemented. The resulting geometric model demonstrates a high degree of morphological fidelity with the 3D CT image of the material. Furthermore, a progressive damage-induced nonlinear stress-strain relation for fibre tows was developed and incorporated into the CT image-driven finite element model. The predicted stress-strain curve has excellent correlations with experimental results, demonstrating higher accuracy compared to the ideal model, and therefore more accurately reflects the stress distributions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112987"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Carbon fiber reinforced composite bio-inspired auxetic honeycomb with high-curvature compliance” [Compos. Part B 307 (2025) 112900]","authors":"Ying Gao ,&nbsp;Yuqin Xiao ,&nbsp;Yuntong Du ,&nbsp;Jiale Sun ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiazhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112982","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 112982"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AlN reinforced polyethersulfone composite with stable high-energy-density via synergizing thermal management and suppressed electrical treeing","authors":"Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Guowei Hao ,&nbsp;Kunjun Jiang ,&nbsp;Changhai Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongquan Zhang ,&nbsp;Tiandong Zhang ,&nbsp;Huajie Yi ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer-based dielectrics have attracted considerable attention due to their high energy storage density (<em>U</em>) and flexibility in processing. However, polymer dielectrics suffer from conduction losses under high fields and temperatures, which reduces the discharge energy density (<em>U</em>_e) and charge-discharge efficiency (<em>η</em>), therefore, effective heat dissipation and maintaining performance at elevated temperatures remain critical challenges that require immediate solutions. In this study, we developed composite materials using polyethersulfone (PESU) as the matrix, incorporating varying mass fractions (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt%, and 7 wt%) of aluminum nitride (AlN) filler. Simultaneously, we systematically analyzed the thermal conductivity, electric field distribution, and electric tree evolution behavior of the composite material through finite element simulation. Experimental results indicate that, at room temperature, the composite material with 1 wt% AlN in PESU achieves a discharge energy density of 7.39 J/cm³ at 520 kV/mm, while maintaining a charge-discharge efficiency exceeding 93.5 %. The breakdown strength (<em>E</em>_b) of this composite reaches 531 kV/mm, representing a 28.9 % improvement compared to pure PESU. At elevated temperatures of 60 °C and 100 °C, the <em>E</em>_b of 1 wt% AlN-PESU increases by 42.1 % and 75.4 %, respectively, compared to PESU. Furthermore, simulation results confirm that the introduction of AlN filler significantly improves the thermal conductivity of the composite material, effectively suppresses local temperature rise and electric field distortion, contributing to the suppression of electric tree initiation and retards the progression toward electrical breakdown. This study provides theoretical foundation and engineering route for high-performance polymer-based dielectric materials with broad application value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112983"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization analysis for hole diameter consistency in BCF/PEEK and PEEK stacks based on a multi-scale thermo-mechanical coupled model and XGBoost algorithm","authors":"Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Shengrong Li ,&nbsp;Qixiu Han ,&nbsp;Honggen Zhou ,&nbsp;Pan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel step-variable parameter optimization method to optimize drilling parameters for hole diameter consistency. First, a comprehensive multi-scale thermo-mechanical coupled finite element (FE) model was developed for drilling Braided Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polyether Ether Ketone (BCF/PEEK) and Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) stacks, incorporating a newly proposed modified micro-mechanics of failure criterion. Subsequently, extensive simulation datasets were leveraged to train an XGBoost model. GridSearchCV was employed for hyperparameter optimization to enable a detailed analysis of the relative importance of various process parameters in inducing stepped hole defects. Finally, a Taguchi orthogonal experimental design was implemented in variable parameter drilling experiments, experimentally validating the XGBoost optimization outcomes and conclusively determining the optimal parameter combination. The results demonstrate that the proposed multi-scale FE model accurately predicts drilling morphology and precisely quantifies thrust force and temperature field. A key finding is that the stacking sequence significantly impacts thermal deformation and hole quality: a BCF/PEEK→PEEK sequence reduces thermal deformation and enhances hole diameter consistency. Specifically, the identified optimal parameters are a step position of −0.5 mm, a spindle speed of 2000 r/min and a feed rate of 40 mm/min for BCF/PEEK, and a spindle speed of 5000 r/min and a feed rate of 30 mm/min for PEEK. Experimental validation confirmed that this optimized parameter set successfully controls the hole diameter difference within 0.02 mm, achieving a remarkable improvement in hole diameter consistency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112984"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the high-temperature energy storage performance of sandwich-structured cellulose acetate composite films via multi-scale breakdown-resistant gradient distribution structure","authors":"Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Wen-jin Hu,&nbsp;Ji-quan Liu,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Jing-hui Yang,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to store energy at high temperature is essential for polymer dielectric films operating in harsh environments. However, the energy storage performance of dielectrics degrades sharply at elevated temperature because of increased leakage current. Here, a facile strategy was reported to address this issue by designing sandwich-structured composite films with multi-scale breakdown-resistant gradient distribution structure. Specifically, cellulose acetate (CA) was served as the intermediate layer, while a poly (methyl methacrylate)/poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PMMA/(P(VDF-HFP)) (MF) blend was functioned as the creation of the breakdown-resistant outer layers. The hydrogen bonding interaction between layers promotes the redistribution of PMMA molecular chains in outer layers, forming the sublayers enriched in P(VDF-HFP) and PMMA, respectively. The outer layers construct energy barriers to restrict charge injection, while the interfaces between layers are responsible for the creation of deep traps to capture mobile charges and suppress conduction loss. These effects collectively decrease the leakage current, enabling the 2MF-CA-2MF to achieve the discharge energy density (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>U</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) of 6.48 J/cm³ (307 % of pure CA) and the high charge-discharge efficiency (<span><math><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow></math></span>) of 76.78 % at 600 MV/m and 150 °C. This work demonstrates that CA-based dielectric films can be a viable candidate for high-temperature energy storage in next-generation power electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112979"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}