Communications Materials最新文献_第7页

Microscopic probing of the superconducting and normal state properties of Ta2V3.1Si0.9 by muon spin rotation 通过μ介子自旋旋转微观探测Ta2V3.1Si0.9的超导和正常态特性

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00666-2

J. N. Graham, H. Liu, V. Sazgari, C. Mielke III, M. Medarde, H. Luetkens, R. Khasanov, Y. Shi, Z. Guguchia

{"title":"Microscopic probing of the superconducting and normal state properties of Ta2V3.1Si0.9 by muon spin rotation","authors":"J. N. Graham, H. Liu, V. Sazgari, C. Mielke III, M. Medarde, H. Luetkens, R. Khasanov, Y. Shi, Z. Guguchia","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00666-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00666-2","url":null,"abstract":"The two-dimensional kagome lattice is an experimental playground for novel physical phenomena, from frustrated magnetism and topological matter to chiral charge order and unconventional superconductivity. A newly identified kagome superconductor, Ta2V3.1Si0.9 has recently gained attention for possessing a record high critical temperature, TC = 7.5 K for kagome metals at ambient pressure. In this study we conducted a series of muon spin rotation measurements to delve deeper into understanding the superconducting and normal state properties of Ta2V3.1Si0.9. We demonstrate that Ta2V3.1Si0.9 is a bulk superconductor with either a s+s-wave or anisotropic s-wave gap symmetry, and has an unusual paramagnetic shift in response to external magnetic fields in the superconducting state. Additionally, we observe an exceptionally low superfluid density − a distinctive characteristic of unconventional superconductivity − which remarkably is comparable to the superfluid density found in hole-doped cuprates. In its normal state, Ta2V3.1Si0.9 exhibits a significant increase in the zero-field muon spin depolarisation rate, starting at approximately 150 K, which has been observed in other kagome-lattice superconductors, and therefore hints at possible hidden magnetism. These findings characterise Ta2V3.1Si0.9 as an unconventional superconductor and a noteworthy new member of the vanadium-based kagome material family. Ta2V3.1Si0.9 is an interesting kagome superconductor with a record-high critical temperature of 7.5 K for kagome metals at ambient pressure. Here, muon spin rotation measurements reveal an unusual paramagnetic shift in response to external magnetic fields and an exceptionally dilute superfluid density despite the high TC, signalling the unconventional nature of superconductivity.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00666-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-material 3D printing of functionally graded soft-hard interfaces for enhancing mandibular kinematics of temporomandibular joint replacement prostheses 功能分级软硬界面的多材料三维打印技术，用于增强颞下颌关节置换假体的下颌运动学性能

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00664-4

Vahid Moosabeiki, Afaq Khan, Mauricio Cruz Saldivar, Wim Van Paepegem, Brend P. Jonker, Eppo B. Wolvius, Jie Zhou, Nazli Tumer, Mohammad J. Mirzaali, Amir A. Zadpoor

{"title":"Multi-material 3D printing of functionally graded soft-hard interfaces for enhancing mandibular kinematics of temporomandibular joint replacement prostheses","authors":"Vahid Moosabeiki, Afaq Khan, Mauricio Cruz Saldivar, Wim Van Paepegem, Brend P. Jonker, Eppo B. Wolvius, Jie Zhou, Nazli Tumer, Mohammad J. Mirzaali, Amir A. Zadpoor","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00664-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00664-4","url":null,"abstract":"Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacement prostheses often face limitations in accommodating translational movements, leading to unnatural kinematics and loading conditions, which affect functionality and longevity. Here, we investigate the potential of functionally graded materials (FGMs) in TMJ prostheses to enhance mandibular kinematics and reduce joint reaction forces. We develop a functionally graded artificial cartilage for the TMJ implant and evaluate five FGM designs: hard, hard-soft, and three FGM gradients with gradual transitions from 90% hard material to 0%, 10%, and 20%. These designs are 3D printed, mechanically tested under quasi-static compression, and simulated under physiological conditions. Results from computational modeling and experiments are compared to an intact mandible during incisal clenching and left group biting. The FGM design with a transition from 90% to 0% hard material improves kinematics by 19%  and decreases perfomance by 3%, reduces joint reaction forces by 8% and 10%, and increases mandibular movement by 20% and 88% during incisal clenching and left group biting, respectively. These findings provide valuable insights for next-generation TMJ implants. Temporomandibular joint prostheses have limitations in their translational movements that affect functionality and longevity. Here, a 3D-printed functionally graded artificial cartilage attached to the temporomandibular joint implant improves the mandibular kinematics and movement range.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00664-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reducing inhomogeneous broadening of spin and optical transitions of nitrogen-vacancy centers in high-pressure, high-temperature diamond 减少高压高温金刚石中氮空位中心自旋和光学转变的非均相展宽

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00660-8

Rémi Blinder, Yuliya Mindarava, Thai Hien Tran, Ali Momenzadeh, Sen Yang, Petr Siyushev, Hitoshi Sumiya, Kenji Tamasaku, Taito Osaka, Norio Morishita, Haruki Takizawa, Shinobu Onoda, Hideyuki Hara, Fedor Jelezko, Jörg Wrachtrup, Junichi Isoya

{"title":"Reducing inhomogeneous broadening of spin and optical transitions of nitrogen-vacancy centers in high-pressure, high-temperature diamond","authors":"Rémi Blinder, Yuliya Mindarava, Thai Hien Tran, Ali Momenzadeh, Sen Yang, Petr Siyushev, Hitoshi Sumiya, Kenji Tamasaku, Taito Osaka, Norio Morishita, Haruki Takizawa, Shinobu Onoda, Hideyuki Hara, Fedor Jelezko, Jörg Wrachtrup, Junichi Isoya","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00660-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00660-8","url":null,"abstract":"With their optical addressability of individual spins and long coherence time, nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are often called “atom-like solid spin-defects”. As observed with trapped atomic ions, quantum interference mediated by indistinguishable photons was demonstrated between remote NV centers. In high sensitivity DC magnetometry at room temperature, NV ensembles are potentially rivaling with alkali-atom vapor cells. However, local strain induces center-to-center variation of both optical and spin transitions of NV centers. Therefore, advanced engineering of diamond growth toward crystalline perfection is demanded. Here, we report on the synthesis of high-quality HPHT (high-pressure, high-temperature) crystals, demonstrating a small inhomogeneous broadening of the spin transitions, of T2* = 1.28 μs, approaching the limit for crystals with natural 13C abundance, that we determine as T2* = 1.48 μs. The contribution from strain and local charges to the inhomogeneous broadening is lowered to ~17 kHz full width at half maximum for NV ensemble within a > 10 mm3 volume. Looking at optical transitions in low nitrogen crystals, we examine the variation of zero-phonon-line optical transition frequencies at low temperatures, showing a strain contribution below 2 GHz for a large fraction of single NV centers. Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond offer a promising platform for quantum applications but their optical and spin properties can be hampered by imperfections of the host crystal. Here, nitrogen-vacancy centers are created in high-pressure high-temperature diamond of high crystalline quality, demonstrating a small inhomogeneous broadening of the spin and optical transitions.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00660-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Superconducting flux qubit with ferromagnetic Josephson π-junction operating at zero magnetic field 在零磁场下运行的带铁磁约瑟夫森 π 结的超导通量量子比特

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00659-1

Sunmi Kim, Leonid V. Abdurakhimov, Duong Pham, Wei Qiu, Hirotaka Terai, Sahel Ashhab, Shiro Saito, Taro Yamashita, Kouichi Semba

{"title":"Superconducting flux qubit with ferromagnetic Josephson π-junction operating at zero magnetic field","authors":"Sunmi Kim, Leonid V. Abdurakhimov, Duong Pham, Wei Qiu, Hirotaka Terai, Sahel Ashhab, Shiro Saito, Taro Yamashita, Kouichi Semba","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00659-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00659-1","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional superconducting flux qubits require the application of a precisely tuned magnetic field to set the operation point at half a flux quantum through the qubit loop, which complicates the on-chip integration of this type of device. It has been proposed that by inducing a π-phase shift in the superconducting order parameter using a precisely controlled nanoscale-thickness superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor Josephson junction, commonly referred to as π-junction, it is possible to realize a flux qubit operating at zero magnetic flux. Here, we report the realization of a zero-flux-biased flux qubit based on three NbN/AlN/NbN Josephson junctions and a NbN/PdNi/NbN ferromagnetic π-junction. The qubit lifetime is in the microsecond range, which we argue is limited by quasiparticle excitations in the metallic ferromagnet layer. Our results pave the way for developing quantum coherent devices, including qubits and sensors, that utilize the interplay between ferromagnetism and superconductivity. Conventional superconducting flux qubits require a finely tuned magnetic field to operate, hindering their on-chip integration. Here, ferromagnetic Josephson junctions with a π-phase shift in the superconducting order parameter allow the realization of a flux qubit operating at zero magnetic field.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00659-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of dislocation cells on hydrogen embrittlement in wrought and additively manufactured Inconel 718 位错单元对锻造和加成型 Inconel 718 氢脆的影响

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00654-6

Claudia-Tatiana Santos Maldonado, Alfredo Zafra, Emilio Martínez Pañeda, Paul Sandmann, Roberto Morana, Minh-Son Pham

{"title":"Influence of dislocation cells on hydrogen embrittlement in wrought and additively manufactured Inconel 718","authors":"Claudia-Tatiana Santos Maldonado, Alfredo Zafra, Emilio Martínez Pañeda, Paul Sandmann, Roberto Morana, Minh-Son Pham","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00654-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00654-6","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) is a major issue for the mechanical integrity of high-strength alloys exposed to hydrogen-rich environments, with diffusion and trapping of hydrogen being critical phenomena. Here, the role of microstructure on hydrogen diffusion, trapping and embrittlement in additively manufactured (AM) and wrought Inconel 718 is compared, revealing the key role played by dislocation cells. Trapping behaviour in hydrogen-saturated alloys is analysed by thermal desorption spectroscopy and numerical simulations. A high density of hydrogen traps in cell walls, attributed to dense dislocations and Laves phases, are responsible for the local accumulation of hydrogen, causing significant loss in strength, and triggering cracking along dislocation cell walls. The influential role of dislocation cells alters fracture behaviour from intergranular in the wrought alloy to intragranular for the AM alloy, due to the large proportion of dislocation cells in AM alloys. In addition, the cellular network of dislocations accelerates hydrogen diffusion, enabling faster and deeper penetration of hydrogen in the AM alloy. These results indicate that the higher HE susceptibility of nickel superalloys is intrinsically associated with the interaction of hydrogen with dislocation walls. Hydrogen embrittlement is a major issue in alloys used in hydrogen-rich environments, such as in jet engines. In this study, the presence of a large number of dislocation cells in an additively manufactured nickel superalloy promotes hydrogen diffusion and fracture, as compared to a wrought alloy with fewer dislocation cells.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00654-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Near-zero-wear with super-hard WB4 and a self-repairing tribo-chemical layer 采用超硬 WB4 和自修复三重化学涂层，近乎零磨损

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00667-1

Guixin Hou, Shengyu Zhu, Hui Tan, Wenyuan Chen, Jiao Chen, Qichun Sun, Juanjuan Chen, Jun Cheng, Peixuan Li, William Yi Wang, Jun Yang, Weimin Liu

{"title":"Near-zero-wear with super-hard WB4 and a self-repairing tribo-chemical layer","authors":"Guixin Hou, Shengyu Zhu, Hui Tan, Wenyuan Chen, Jiao Chen, Qichun Sun, Juanjuan Chen, Jun Cheng, Peixuan Li, William Yi Wang, Jun Yang, Weimin Liu","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00667-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00667-1","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving near-zero-wear remains a major challenge in mechanical engineering and material science. Current ultra-low wear materials are typically developed based on the self-consumption strategy. Here, we demonstrate a new self-repairing approach to achieve near-zero-wear. We find that the WB4-βB/WC tribo-pair has a low wear rate of 10−8 mm3 N−1 m−1 in low vacuum conditions, under a maximum Hertzian contact stress of 2.23 GPa over 1 × 105 friction cycles. Additionally, we observe an abnormal wear phenomenon after 5 × 104 friction cycles, characterized by an increase in the dimensions of the tribo-pair. This near-zero-wear mechanism is attributed to the synergistic action of the super-hard WB4-βB substrate and the self-repairing tribo-oxide layer. This research provides a new approach for advancing wear-resistant materials and enhancing material longevity. Expanding the range of ultra-low-wear material systems would benefit a number of applications. Here, near-zero-wear is reported in a WB4-βB/WC tribo-pair system, attributed to surface self-repair in a certain wear regime.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00667-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Host-guest charge transfer for scalable single crystal epitaxy of a metal-organic framework 用于金属有机框架可扩展单晶外延的主客体电荷转移

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00657-3

Arthur Mantel, Berthold Stöger, Alexander Prado-Roller, Hidetsugu Shiozawa

{"title":"Host-guest charge transfer for scalable single crystal epitaxy of a metal-organic framework","authors":"Arthur Mantel, Berthold Stöger, Alexander Prado-Roller, Hidetsugu Shiozawa","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00657-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00657-3","url":null,"abstract":"Methods to grow large crystals provide the foundation for material science and technology. Here we demonstrate single crystal homoepitaxy of a metal-organic framework (MOF) built of zinc, acetate and terephthalate ions, that encapsulate arrays of octahedral zinc dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) complex cations within its one-dimensional (1D) channels. The three-dimensional framework is built of two-dimensional Zn-terephthalate square lattices interconnected by anionic acetate pillars through diatomic zinc nodes. The charge of the anionic framework is neutralized by the 1D arrays of $${{rm{Zn}}}{({{rm{DMSO}}})}_{6}^{2+}$$ cations that fill every second 1D channel of the framework. It is demonstrated that the repeatable and scalable epitaxy allows square cuboids of this charge-transfer MOF to grow stepwise to sizes in the centimeter range. The continuous growth with no size limits can be attributed to the ionic nature of the anionic framework with cationic 1D molecular fillers. These findings pave the way for epitaxial growth of bulk crystals of MOFs. Bulk crystal growth of metal-organic frameworks remains a challenge. Here, a single crystal of a metal-organic framework is grown homoepitaxially in the centimeter range, assisted by the ionic nature of the anionic framework with cationic 1D molecular fillers.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00657-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low excess noise and high quantum efficiency avalanche photodiodes for beyond 2 µm wavelength detection 用于 2 µm 以上波长检测的低过量噪声和高量子效率雪崩光电二极管

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00627-9

Hyemin Jung, Seunghyun Lee, Xiao Jin, Yifan Liu, Theodore. J. Ronningen, Christopher. H. Grein, John. P. R. David, Sanjay Krishna

{"title":"Low excess noise and high quantum efficiency avalanche photodiodes for beyond 2 µm wavelength detection","authors":"Hyemin Jung, Seunghyun Lee, Xiao Jin, Yifan Liu, Theodore. J. Ronningen, Christopher. H. Grein, John. P. R. David, Sanjay Krishna","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00627-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00627-9","url":null,"abstract":"The rising concentration of greenhouse gases, especially methane and carbon dioxide, is driving global temperature increases and exacerbating the climate crisis. Monitoring these gases requires detectors that operate in the extended short-wavelength infrared range (~2.4 µm), covering methane (1.65 µm) and carbon dioxide (2.05 µm) wavelengths. Here, we present a high-performance linear mode avalanche photodetector (APD) with an InGaAs/GaAsSb type-II superlattice absorber and an AlGaAsSb multiplier, matched to InP substrates. This APD achieves a room temperature gain of 178, an external quantum efficiency of 3560% at 2 µm, low excess noise (less than 2 at gains below 20), and a small temperature coefficient of breakdown (7.58 mV/K·µm). These results indicate that a manufacturable semiconductor material-based APD could significantly advance high-sensitivity receivers for greenhouse gas monitoring, potentially enabling their commercial production and widespread use. Photodetectors for monitoring greenhouse gas emissions must cover the extended short-wavelength infrared range. Here, antimonide-based materials on a InP substrate enable a high-performance avalanche photodiode with detectivity beyond 2 µm wavelength.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00627-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast low-temperature irradiation creep driven by athermal defect dynamics 热缺陷动力学驱动的快速低温辐照蠕变

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00655-5

Alexander Feichtmayer, Max Boleininger, Johann Riesch, Daniel R. Mason, Luca Reali, Till Höschen, Maximilian Fuhr, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, Rudolf Neu, Sergei L. Dudarev

{"title":"Fast low-temperature irradiation creep driven by athermal defect dynamics","authors":"Alexander Feichtmayer, Max Boleininger, Johann Riesch, Daniel R. Mason, Luca Reali, Till Höschen, Maximilian Fuhr, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, Rudolf Neu, Sergei L. Dudarev","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00655-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00655-5","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of high stress concentrations in reactor components is a still intractable phenomenon encountered in fusion reactor design. Here, we observe and quantitatively model a non-linear high-dose radiation mediated microstructure evolution effect that facilitates fast stress relaxation in the most challenging low-temperature limit. In situ observations of a tensioned tungsten wire exposed to a high-energy ion beam show that internal stress of up to 2 GPa relaxes within minutes, with the extent and time-scale of relaxation accurately predicted by a parameter-free multiscale model informed by atomistic simulations. As opposed to conventional notions of radiation creep, the effect arises from the self-organisation of nanoscale crystal defects, athermally coalescing into extended polarized dislocation networks that compensate and alleviate the external stress. The creep behavior of actively cooled alloys exposed to neutron irradiation in fusion reactors is expected to critically affect the operation of reactor components. Here, experiments and simulations of a 16 μm thick tungsten wire exposed to low-temperature irradiation reveal stress relaxation rates far exceeding those associated with thermal creep.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00655-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decylammonium sulfate post-treatment for efficient hole-conductor-free printable perovskite solar cells with reduced voltage loss 硫酸癸基铵后处理用于高效无空穴导体可印刷型过氧化物太阳能电池，可降低电压损耗

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00643-9

Zexiong Qiu, Jiale Liu, Chuanzhou Han, Chaoyang Wang, Junwei Xiang, Ziwei Zheng, Minhao Xia, Yang Zhou, Anyi Mei, Hongwei Han

{"title":"Decylammonium sulfate post-treatment for efficient hole-conductor-free printable perovskite solar cells with reduced voltage loss","authors":"Zexiong Qiu, Jiale Liu, Chuanzhou Han, Chaoyang Wang, Junwei Xiang, Ziwei Zheng, Minhao Xia, Yang Zhou, Anyi Mei, Hongwei Han","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00643-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00643-9","url":null,"abstract":"Hole-conductor-free printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p-MPSCs) have attracted widespread attention for their low cost, up-scalability, and exceptional stability. However, the high defect density of perovskite and the absence of interfacial barrier layer between perovskite and carbon electrode cause profound open-circuit voltage (VOC) loss, which results in uncompetitive power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, an anion-cation synergy of decylammonium sulfate (DA2SO4) is utilized for suppressing VOC loss of p-MPSCs via a facile post-treatment method. DA+ cations transform the perovskite adjacent to carbon electrode into wide-bandgap 2D perovskite for blocking electrons, while the SO42− anions interact with undercoordinated lead centers for reducing defect density. As a result, the modified device delivers an enhanced PCE from 17.78% to 19.59%, with an improved VOC from 0.98 V to 1.06 V. Meanwhile, the modified device without any encapsulation exhibits excellent moisture stability with the PCE remained almost 99% of the initial value after 528 h aging in 75% RH air at room temperature. Open-circuit voltage loss is an issue faced by hole-conductor-free printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells. Here, a facile decylammonium sulfate post-treatment reduces the voltage loss via an anion-cation synergy, and increases the power conversion efficiency from 17.8% to 19.6%.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00643-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0