Communications Physics最新文献_第5页

Frequency-Encoded Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Dynamic Radio Frequency Field Gradients. 动态射频场梯度的频率编码磁共振成像。

IF 5.5 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-18 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-026-02686-5

Sai Abitha Srinivas, Antonio D Glenn, Mark A Griswold, William A Grissom

{"title":"Frequency-Encoded Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Dynamic Radio Frequency Field Gradients.","authors":"Sai Abitha Srinivas, Antonio D Glenn, Mark A Griswold, William A Grissom","doi":"10.1038/s42005-026-02686-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-026-02686-5","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging is the gold standard for soft tissue diagnostic imaging but relies on expensive, failure-prone, and loud magnetic field gradients for spatial encoding. Radiofrequency field gradients are a promising alternative, yet they have never achieved frequency encoding, the technique that allows an image to be acquired continuously in milliseconds and without which scan times would increase by orders of magnitude. Here we show that the Bloch-Siegert shift can apply a spatial frequency gradient simultaneously with signal recording, without displacing magnetization from the plane where it generates signal. Combined with an injection transformer based simultaneous transmit-and-receive system that prevents the strong encoding field from overwhelming the weak tissue signal, this approach produces images on a 47.5 mT low-field scanner equivalent in quality to those from conventional gradient encoding. This work enables smaller, quieter, and less expensive scanners without compromising scan time or diagnostic image quality, with particular promise for expanding access to imaging in resource-limited settings.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"9 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13488602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive characterization of nonlinear viscoelastic properties of arterial tissues using guided-wave optical coherence elastography. 用导波光学相干弹性成像综合表征动脉组织的非线性粘弹性特性。

IF 5.5 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-026-02502-0

Yuxuan Jiang, Guo-Yang Li, Ruizhi Wang, Xu Feng, Yanhang Zhang, Seok-Hyun Yun

{"title":"Comprehensive characterization of nonlinear viscoelastic properties of arterial tissues using guided-wave optical coherence elastography.","authors":"Yuxuan Jiang, Guo-Yang Li, Ruizhi Wang, Xu Feng, Yanhang Zhang, Seok-Hyun Yun","doi":"10.1038/s42005-026-02502-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-026-02502-0","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical properties of arterial walls are critical for maintaining vascular function under pulsatile pressure and are closely linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Despite advances in imaging and elastography, comprehensive characterization of the complex mechanical behavior of arterial tissues remains challenging. Here, we present a broadband guided-wave optical coherence elastography (OCE) technique, grounded in viscoelasto-acoustic theory, for quantifying the nonlinear viscoelastic, anisotropic, and layer-specific properties of arterial walls with high spatial and temporal resolution. Our results reveal a strong stretch dependence of arterial viscoelasticity, with increasing prestress leading to a reduction in tissue viscosity. Under mechanical loading, the adventitia becomes significantly stiffer than the media, attributable to engagement of collagen fibers. Chemical degradation of collagen fibers highlighted their role in nonlinear viscoelasticity. This study demonstrates the potential of OCE as a powerful tool for detailed profiling of vascular biomechanics, with applications in basic research and future clinical diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"9 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12916319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147270110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nonlinear periodic orbit solutions and their bifurcation structure at the origin of soliton hopping in coupled microresonators. 耦合微谐振器中孤子跳变起始处的非线性周期轨道解及其分岔结构。

IF 5.5 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-026-02623-6

Savyaraj Deshmukh, Aleksandr Tusnin, Alexey Tikan, Tobias J Kippenberg, Tobias M Schneider

{"title":"Nonlinear periodic orbit solutions and their bifurcation structure at the origin of soliton hopping in coupled microresonators.","authors":"Savyaraj Deshmukh, Aleksandr Tusnin, Alexey Tikan, Tobias J Kippenberg, Tobias M Schneider","doi":"10.1038/s42005-026-02623-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-026-02623-6","url":null,"abstract":"Coupled-microresonator systems, enabled by recent breakthroughs in the nanofabrication of low-loss integrated photonic microresonators, deliver significant performance benefits for coherent frequency comb generation beyond single resonators. They also display emergent nonlinear phenomena including soliton hopping-a dynamic process in which solitons periodically transit between coupled resonators. We employ a nonlinear dynamical systems approach, leveraging numerical techniques developed in the context of hydrodynamics, to identify exact periodic orbit solutions of the coupled Lugiato-Lefever equations underlying soliton hopping in photonic dimers and trimers. A bifurcation-theoretic origin of hopping reveals a fundamental difference in dimers and trimers: In dimers, hopping emerges from a branch of stable soliton solutions, while in trimers it originates from an unstable branch. This distinction lowers pump power requirements for trimers, rendering them promising for experimental demonstrations of hopping. We further show that subcritical Hopf bifurcations of unstable equilibria explain hysteresis, coexistence of multiple attractors, and path-dependent access to different dynamical regimes as observed in simulated laser scans mimicking typical experimental investigations. Our findings provide insights into the nonlinear dynamics of coupled multimode microresonators, offering a foundation for the controlled implementation of soliton-based technologies in future integrated photonic systems.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"9 1","pages":"206"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13269123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation methods for quantum sensing at parametric criticality 参数临界量子传感的数值模拟方法

1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02289-6

Kirill Petrovnin, Jiaming Wang, G. S. Paraoanu

引用次数: 1

Extremely large magnetoresistance in high quality magnetic Fe2Ge3 single crystals 在高质量的磁性Fe2Ge3单晶中具有极高的磁阻

1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02041-0

Y.H Chen, Weibin Wu, Y.‐L. He, Jiaying Zhang, He Tian, Zhe Li, Qi-Ling Xiao, Jun‐Yi Ge

{"title":"Extremely large magnetoresistance in high quality magnetic Fe2Ge3 single crystals","authors":"Y.H Chen, Weibin Wu, Y.‐L. He, Jiaying Zhang, He Tian, Zhe Li, Qi-Ling Xiao, Jun‐Yi Ge","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02041-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02041-0","url":null,"abstract":"Extremely large magnetoresistance (XMR) is typically observed in topological materials as associated with factors such as high mobility carriers and electron-hole compensation. However, its occurrence in magnetic materials is rather rare due to the stability of the electron spin in magnetic fields. In this study, the synthesis of high-quality single crystals of Fe2Ge3 with the highest residual resistivity ratio (RRR = 4778) has allowed to explore its intrinsic magnetic and electrical transport properties, revealing a narrow-gap semiconductor nature with a high XMR of 2057% at 1.8 K and 12 T. In addition, Fe2Ge3 is able to bridge the gap between magnetism and XMR. These findings not only advance our understanding of Fe2Ge3, but also open avenues for the development of spintronic devices and other technologies based on magnetic semiconductors. Phenomena that bridge magnetism and extremely large magnetoresistance in materials have the potential to expand fundamental research towards practical technological innovations. The authors synthesize Fe-Ge single crystal demonstrating high temperature ferromagnetism and magnetoresistance. These results disclose novel pathways to implement advanced spintronic devices.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-025-02041-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147907002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Disentangling autoencoders and spherical harmonics for efficient shape classification in crystal growth simulations. 解缠自编码器和球面谐波在晶体生长模拟中的有效形状分类。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02129-7

Jaehoon Cha, Steven Tendyra, Alvin J Walisinghe, Adam R Hill, Susmita Basak, Peter R Spackman, Michael W Anderson, Jeyan Thiyagalingam

{"title":"Disentangling autoencoders and spherical harmonics for efficient shape classification in crystal growth simulations.","authors":"Jaehoon Cha, Steven Tendyra, Alvin J Walisinghe, Adam R Hill, Susmita Basak, Peter R Spackman, Michael W Anderson, Jeyan Thiyagalingam","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02129-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-025-02129-7","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling crystal growth is a challenge across numerous industries, as the functional properties of crystalline materials are determined during formation and often depend on particle shape. Current approaches rely on expensive, time-consuming experimental studies complemented by exhaustive parameter space simulations, creating significant computational and analytical burdens. Despite machine learning advances in crystal growth for structure-property relationships, applications targeting morphological control remain underdeveloped. Here, we demonstrate how disentangling autoencoders combined with particle aspect ratio and spherical harmonics descriptors can enhance simulation workflows for crystal growth. This approach reveals continuous transformation pathways between different crystal morphologies whilst preserving underlying crystallographic principles. Our method significantly reduces data analytics burdens, shortens design study timelines, and deepens understanding of crystal shape control. This framework enables more efficient exploration of possible crystal morphologies, facilitating the targeted design of crystalline materials with specific functional properties.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"272"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12221979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Speeding up adiabatic ion transport in macroscopic multi-Penning-trap stacks for high-precision experiments. 加速宏观多彭宁阱堆中绝热离子输运的高精度实验。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02031-2

Moritz von Boehn, Jan Schaper, Julia A Coenders, Johannes Brombacher, Teresa Meiners, Malte Niemann, Juan M Cornejo, Stefan Ulmer, Christian Ospelkaus

{"title":"Speeding up adiabatic ion transport in macroscopic multi-Penning-trap stacks for high-precision experiments.","authors":"Moritz von Boehn, Jan Schaper, Julia A Coenders, Johannes Brombacher, Teresa Meiners, Malte Niemann, Juan M Cornejo, Stefan Ulmer, Christian Ospelkaus","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02031-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-025-02031-2","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-Penning traps are an excellent tool for high-precision tests of fundamental physics in a variety of applications, ranging from atomic mass measurements to symmetry tests. In such experiments, single ions are transferred between distinct trap regions as part of the experimental sequence, resulting in measurement dead time and heating of the ion motions. Here, we report a procedure to reduce the duration of adiabatic single-ion transport in macroscopic multi-Penning-trap stacks by using ion-transport waveforms and electronic filter predistortion. For this purpose, transport adiabaticity of a single laser-cooled 9Be+is analyzed via Doppler-broadened sideband spectra obtained by stimulated Raman spectroscopy, yielding an average heating per transport of 2.6 ± 4.0 quanta for transport times between 7 and 15 ms. Applying these techniques to current multi-Penning trap experiments could reduce ion transport times by up to three orders of magnitude. Furthermore, these results are a key requisite for implementing quantum logic spectroscopy in Penning trap experiments.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Universality in multispecies urban traffic. 多物种城市交通的普遍性。

IF 5.8 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02326-4

Georg Anagnostopoulos, Nikolas Geroliminis

{"title":"Universality in multispecies urban traffic.","authors":"Georg Anagnostopoulos, Nikolas Geroliminis","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02326-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-025-02326-4","url":null,"abstract":"Collective phenomena involving motorcycles in mixed traffic, and more generally bicycles and other new micromobilities in cities, are of great interest, as the behavior of these vulnerable road users raises major safety concerns. This is especially true when the limited urban infrastructure is shared with conventional vehicles, such as cars. However, this topic is severely understudied from a physics point of view and a solid theoretical foundation of multispecies traffic does not exist. By studying the pNEUMA dataset, we first establish a nonlinear relationship between maneuverability and speed, which maps to the nonequilibrium concept of a sample space reducing process (SSR). Coupling SSR with Newell's nonlinear traffic model, we identify a power-law relationship between the average maneuverability (interpreted as temperature) and the mean speed difference between motorcycle and car populations. Simulation results allow us to recover a nonequilibrium phase transition from an ordered state of lane formation to a disordered state of cluster formation governed by a universal scaling exponent that is robust to traffic conditions and model variants. Our contribution creates a link between microscopic behaviors and the macroscopic theory of percolation.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"459"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12634425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145586257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monolithic silicon nitride electro-optic modulator enabled by optically-assisted poling. 光辅助极化实现的单片氮化硅电光调制器。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02071-8

Christian Lafforgue, Boris Zabelich, Camille-Sophie Brès

{"title":"Monolithic silicon nitride electro-optic modulator enabled by optically-assisted poling.","authors":"Christian Lafforgue, Boris Zabelich, Camille-Sophie Brès","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02071-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02071-8","url":null,"abstract":"Electro-optic (EO) modulation is a key functionality to have on-chip. However, achieving a notable linear EO effect in stoichiometric silicon nitride has been a persistent challenge due to the material's intrinsic properties. Recent advancements revealed that the displacement of thermally excited charge carriers under a high electric field induces a second-order nonlinearity in silicon nitride, thus enabling the linear EO effect in this platform regardless of the material's inversion symmetry. In this work, we introduce optically-assisted poling of a silicon nitride microring resonator, removing the need for high-temperature processing of the device. The optical stimulation of charges avoids the technical constraints due to elevated temperature. By optimizing the poling process, we experimentally obtain a long-term effective second-order nonlinearity <math> <msubsup><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>eff</mi></mrow> <mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </math> of 1.218 pm/V. Additionally, we measure the high-speed EO response of the modulator, showing a bandwidth of 4 GHz, only limited by the quality factor of the microring resonator. This work goes towards the implementation of monolithic, compact silicon nitride EO modulators, a necessary component for high-density integrated optical signal processing.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"142"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast high-resolution lifetime image reconstruction for positron lifetime tomography. 快速高分辨率寿命图像重建正电子寿命断层扫描。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02100-6

Bangyan Huang, Zipai Wang, Xinjie Zeng, Amir H Goldan, Jinyi Qi

{"title":"Fast high-resolution lifetime image reconstruction for positron lifetime tomography.","authors":"Bangyan Huang, Zipai Wang, Xinjie Zeng, Amir H Goldan, Jinyi Qi","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02100-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02100-6","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the ortho-positronium formed prior to the annihilation, the lifetime of a positron is sensitive to the tissue microenvironment and can potentially provide valuable information for monitoring disease progression and treatment response. However, the lifetime of positrons before annihilation has long been overlooked in current positron emission tomography (PET). Here we develop a positron lifetime image reconstruction method called SIMPLE (Statistical IMage reconstruction of Positron Lifetime via time-wEighting) and demonstrate its performance using a real scan on a time-of-flight PET scanner. The SIMPLE method achieves high-resolution positron lifetime imaging of extended heterogeneous tissue illuminated by a 22Na point source, successfully resolving the boundary between muscle and fat. It delivers spatial resolution comparable to that of conventional PET activity images while maintaining a computational cost equivalent to reconstructing two PET images. This work paves the way for clinical translation of high-resolution positron lifetime imaging.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0