{"title":"Additive Preform Molding of continuous carbon fiber thermoset composites","authors":"Kaiyue Deng , Md Habib Ullah Khan , Kelvin Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuous carbon fiber thermoset composites are renowned for their exceptional mechanical and thermal properties. However, fabricating complex 3D composites has historically presented challenges due to their structural complexity. This study presents the Additive Preform Molding (APM) strategy, a novel hybrid manufacturing method that integrates additive manufacturing with overmolding to produce high-performance composite structures. APM optimizes the alignment of continuous fibers based on load requirements and enhances structural integrity, starting with the creation of semi-cured preforms. These preforms are precisely shaped into specific configurations and subsequently overmolded with an infusion of short fiber-reinforced epoxy, thus enhancing their mechanical properties and facilitating the design of intricate geometries. The versatility of APM is represented through fabrication of various bracket designs. Mechanical testing reveals a tensile strength of 1109.3 MPa, a tensile modulus of 103.5 GPa, a flexural strength of 854.7 MPa and a flexural modulus of 96.6 GPa, confirming its substantial load-bearing capabilities for high-performance applications. This study demonstrates that APM is not only a viable alternative to traditional composite manufacturing methods but also an ideal solution for producing complex, high-strength 3D composite structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102408"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaodi Ye , Cheng Zhan , Ting Sai , Bingtao Wang , Juan Li , Chengfeng Zhang , Yanfei Wang , Zhenghong Guo , Siqi Huo
{"title":"Flame-retardant and UV-resistant polycarbonate composites with well-preserved mechanical properties enabled by silsesquioxane/sulfonate-functionalized nano carbon black","authors":"Xiaodi Ye , Cheng Zhan , Ting Sai , Bingtao Wang , Juan Li , Chengfeng Zhang , Yanfei Wang , Zhenghong Guo , Siqi Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A sulfonate/silsesquioxane-functionalized nano carbon black (CBSP) was synthesized by grafting polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and sulfonate groups onto carbon black (CB) surface, aiming to meet practical requirements of outdoor-used polycarbonate (PC). Upon adding 1 wt% CBSP, PC/1.0CBSP composite displayed a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 31.3 % with a vertical burning (UL-94) V-0 classification. Its peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke release (TSR) were decreased by 39 % and 21 % relative to PC. The superior fire retardancy can be attributed to the triple reinforced effect from CB, sulfonates and POSS by promoting the formation of denser and more resilient char layers. CBSP well preserved mechanical performances of PC due to its reinforced interfacial compatibility and improved UV shielding through the absorption of UV photons by CB. This work provides a feasible strategy for fabricating fire-retardant PC composites with superior mechanical robustness and UV-resistant properties, expecting to increase applicability and lifespan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102407"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ke Zhao , Heng Zhang , Qi Zhen , Peng Lu , Ziqiang Yang
{"title":"Biodegradable polylactic acid/cotton composite fabrics with superior asymmetric liquid slipping and self-cleaning performance for personal protective equipment","authors":"Ke Zhao , Heng Zhang , Qi Zhen , Peng Lu , Ziqiang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Personal protective equipment (PPE) plays a crucial role in interrupting the transmission of contaminants, providing essential protection for the human body against harmful substances. However, traditional PPE exhibits non-biodegradability, strong adhesion to liquids, and inadequate mechanical properties. To address these issues, a polylactic acid/cotton (PLA/CT) composite fabric with linearly embedded structure was fabricated via a melt-blown hydroentanglement composite process. This linearly embedded structure, with an adjustable linearly air groove, significantly enhances the asymmetric liquid slipping performance and mechanical performance of the PLA/CT composite fabrics. The liquid slipping angles in machine direction reached 12°, which was 25° lower than in cross direction, and water contact angle remained above 140°. The tensile strength increased from 325.9 N to 391.5 N, approximately 10.1 times higher than conventional melt-blown fabrics. Moreover, PLA/CT composite fabrics exhibit excellent breathable performance and water vapor permeability stabilized at 4802.6 g/(m<sup>2</sup>·24h). These findings indicate that the linearly embedded PLA/CT composite fabrics with asymmetric liquid slipping performance and superior mechanical strength have significant application potential in high-performance PPE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102400"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"4D-printable thermo- and light-responsive triple-shape memory polymer nanocomposites containing titanium nitride nanoparticles","authors":"Emre Tekay , Betül Aybakan , Vahap Uygar Aslan","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, novel light-responsive nanocomposites were developed by incorporating varying amounts (1-3-5 phr) of titanium nitride nanoparticles (TiN-NP) into a ternary polymer blend consisting of 30 wt% of maleic anhydride grafted SEBS (SEBS-MA), 40 wt% of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and 30 wt% of butyl methacrylate/isobutyl methacrylate copolymer (PBMA-PiBMA), that exhibits thermally induced triple-shape memory properties. In the nanocomposite containing 1 phr TiN nanoparticles (1-TiN), a core-shell morphology was observed, with the fillers selectively localizing within the SEBS-MA phase. The presence of TiN filler did not have a significant effect on the thermal transition temperatures of the polymer components. An increase in TiN content resulted in enhanced elastic modulus values for the composites, with a notable 138 % rise observed in the composite that included 5 phr filler relative to the blend. The best heat responsive shape memory performance was observed in the 1-TiN composite, with the first and second shape fixation ratios of 91.6 % and 83.4 %, respectively, and the first and second shape recovery ratios of 90.8 % and 100 %, respectively. The 1-TiN composite underwent photothermal heating under 808 nm NIR light, reaching 40 °C and 80 °C at light intensities of 48 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> and 158 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively, demonstrating light-responsive triple-shape memory effect. The filament of the same nanocomposite was produced, and 4D-printed objects were created using an FDM-type 3D printer for various applications. Moreover, the 4D-printed objects fabricated using the nanocomposite filament exhibit triple-shape recovery under NIR light with an intensity of 48 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> and 161 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102378"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feng Chen , Ruijie Shen , Jikai Ye , Ziyi Liu , Tong Liu , Zhengjian Chen , Tairong Kuang , Jiangming Jin , Yanpei Fei
{"title":"Tough and soundproof PBAT/PLA composite foams with a multilayer oriented porous architecture","authors":"Feng Chen , Ruijie Shen , Jikai Ye , Ziyi Liu , Tong Liu , Zhengjian Chen , Tairong Kuang , Jiangming Jin , Yanpei Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foam materials have a wide range of application prospects in the fields of construction engineering and transport due to their excellent lightweight, thermal insulation and sound absorption properties. However, common polymeric foams with homogeneous porous structure, showed insufficient compressive moduli and weak sound insulation (STL value). In this research, series sandwich Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)/Polylactic acid (PLA) composite foams were toughened by using a pressure-induced flow (PIF) treatment, following an ScCO<sub>2</sub> foaming process. The test results show that PIF treatment could greatly increase the compressive strength and the sound insulation performance due to the significant sandwich phase morphology and oriented porous structure in PBAT/PLA composite foams. The average sound insulation in the frequency range of 500∼6400 Hz reaches average 30 dB. With the assistance of COMSOL Multiphysics software for modeling and analysis of the experimental results, the simulation of the sound insulation curve obtained and the experimental results match well. The finite element analysis results show that the multilayer oriented bubble structure of PIF PBAT/PLA improves the sound insulation performance of the foam material to a certain extent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102402"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuangmei Tan , Shikai Song , Li Pang , Xu Zhang , Ruilong Xu , Jiawang Zheng , Shuai Zhao , Lin Li
{"title":"Construction of effective conductive network of the core-shell SiO2 microspheres hybrid MWCNTs in NR matrix","authors":"Shuangmei Tan , Shikai Song , Li Pang , Xu Zhang , Ruilong Xu , Jiawang Zheng , Shuai Zhao , Lin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanotube (CNT)-filled conductive elastomer composites are considered prime materials for future applications in flexible sensors, electromagnetic shielding, and other related fields. However, the production of CNT-based conductive composites that are low-cost, uniformly dispersed, and exhibit excellent conductivity remains a key challenge for researchers. In this study, we conducted research focusing on both the preparation process of SiO<sub>2</sub>@Ag/MWCNTs hybrid fillers and the industrial feasibility of the fillers. Building on the volume exclusion effect of <em>m</em>-SiO<sub>2</sub> and the interfacial enhancement of Tannic acid (TA), we employed dopamine as a surface activator combined with electroless silver plating to metallize the surface of <em>m</em>-SiO<sub>2</sub>. The silver-coated <em>m</em>-SiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres and MWCNTs were processed via ultrasonic treatment to form SiO<sub>2</sub>@Ag/MWCNTs hybrid fillers (ISSMH). Effects of varying dopamine deposition time and silver plating time on the core-shell structure of the microspheres is investigated. Additionally, natural rubber was used as the matrix to study NR/ISSMH nanocomposites using a controlled variable method. After evaluating different silver plating processes, we developed an eco-friendly, efficient silver plating technique that increased the volume conductivity of the NR/ISSMH nanocomposites to 1.8 × 10<sup>−2</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup>, representing a two-order-of-magnitude improvement over the uncoated nanocomposites. Moreover, composites with different filler loadings demonstrated superior thermal conductivity compared to previous work on nanocomposites. This study not only provides a novel approach to addressing the dispersion challenges of conductive fillers but also has promising implications for applications in flexible sensors, electromagnetic shielding, and human motion detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102382"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongqian Shi , Songqiong Jiang , Jinke Wu , Zhendong Chen , Cancan Zhang , Yun Zhang , Pingan Song , Yan Zhang
{"title":"Constructing efficient flame-retardant coatings to enhance the performances of glass fiber cloth","authors":"Yongqian Shi , Songqiong Jiang , Jinke Wu , Zhendong Chen , Cancan Zhang , Yun Zhang , Pingan Song , Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to meet the application requirements for cables in different environments, it is imperative to develop cable tapes with insulation, flame retardancy, and high strength. In this work, a new type of halogen-free flame-retardant and high-strength coating was prepared by synthesizing a new phosphoramide flame retardant phenyl P-methyl-N-(8-(methylamino)octyl) phosphonamidate (PPNPP) compounded with silicon wrapped ammonium polyphosphate (SiAPP) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO<sub>3</sub>) added into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and TPU/glass fiber cloth (GFC) (TPU/G-X) composites were obtained by double-sided coating on the surface of GFC and heat curing. Compared with those of the pure TPU-coated sample, the peak of heat release rate and total heat release results of the TPU/G composite containing 20 wt% SiAPP-PPNPP-MoO<sub>3</sub> (TPU/G-SPM-1) decreased by 57.7 % and 36.8 %, respectively. In addition, the TPU/G-SPM-1 sample showed an excellent toxic gases suppression effect, i.e. the peak of carbon monoxide production rate and total carbon monoxide yield decreased by 91.4 % and 98.9 %, respectively, compared with the pure sample. The coating also imparted excellent mechanical properties to the GFC, which overcame the original defects of glass fiber such as poor abrasion resistance and brittleness, and the tensile strength of TPU/G-SPM-1 was increased by 101 % compared with that of pure GFC. This work presents a new method for the preparation of flame-retardant and mechanically strong TPU/G-X composites used as cable tapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102392"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A compound containing phosphorus-rich arcuate structure towards improving fire safety and toughness, and maintaining transparency of epoxy resins","authors":"Shuxian Zheng, Shuyang Shi, Kun Zeng, Xuexiang Zhou, Luzhi Zhou, Wenhui Rao, Chuanbai Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is of great significance that the flame retardancy of EP composites was enhanced while concurrently improving or maintaining their thermal stability, toughness, and transparency to fulfill the demands of epoxy resins in special fields. In this study, by using the Schiff base reaction and electrophilic dehydrogenation, a new compound containing a phosphorus-rich arcuate structure (DND) was effectively synthesized. DND possessed high P-containing content (8.7 %), an arcuate structure, and active hydroxyl and secondary amine groups, endowing its better interface compatibility and comprehensive performance improvement for EP. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to discover the chemical structure of DND. Subsequently, the incorporation of DND in matrix resin modified the comprehensive performance of EP composites. By introducing 3 wt% DND, the LOI value of EP/DND-3 rose from 23.8 % of EP to 30.6 %, and it achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating. In contrast to EP, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release peak (THR) of EP/DND-3 reduced by 30.7 % and 26.5 %, respectively. Furthermore, compared with pure EP, EP/DND composites also had good toughness, the impact strength of EP/DND-1 rose by 166 %. Glass transition temperature, flexural strength, and modulus of EP/DND-3 composites were all markedly enhanced. Most surprisingly, the visible light transmittance of EP/DND composites was consistent with that of pure EP. The new structure of flame retardant is designed to offer an alternative for high-performance flame-retardant polymer composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102386"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junqian Yang, Keping Zhang, Yanan Zhang, Zhongqing Yang, Xi Zhang
{"title":"Effects of inorganic pigments on environmental aging behavior of wheat straw /PVC composites","authors":"Junqian Yang, Keping Zhang, Yanan Zhang, Zhongqing Yang, Xi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aim to reveal the effects of inorganic pigments on the aging behavior of wheat straw/PVC composites (WSPC) under outdoor natural environment conditions, the WSPC with iron oxide pigments (red, yellow, blue) and carbon black pigment were subjected to outdoor natural aging tested for 5 months. The physical properties, mechanical properties, surface morphology, color stability and thermal stability of the composites were tested during the aging process, and the aging mechanism of composites under the influence of multiple factors in a complex natural environment was investigated. The results show that the porosity of the composite was reduced by the addition of inorganic pigments, the crack propagation was delayed during the aging process, and the loss of physical and mechanical properties of the composite was reduced. The carbon black pigment made the most significant contribution to the color fixation and property retention of the composite, and the degradation of some components during the aging process improved the thermal stability of the composite. This paper innovatively studied the aging behavior of wood-plastic composites after color regulation with inorganic pigments under natural environment exposure. The study is useful for color regulation of wood-plastic composites and the improvement of its aging resistance in outdoor applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102399"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huaxu Song , Zhenlu Li , Yean Li , Jingying Hou , Jinya Sun , Yishun Xie , Xiaohui Zhang , Xin Fan
{"title":"Structure design of MOF-derived Fe2O3 for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors","authors":"Huaxu Song , Zhenlu Li , Yean Li , Jingying Hou , Jinya Sun , Yishun Xie , Xiaohui Zhang , Xin Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enhancement of electrochemical performance in supercapacitors is significantly dependent on the development of electrode materials characterized by optimized morphology and size. Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is a promising material among various candidates, but its practical applications are hindered by internet challenges such as poor conductivity. In this study, Fe-MOF was employed as a precursor template for synthesizing Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was introduced to regulate crystal growth. This approach led to the successful synthesis of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles with three distinct morphologies. The MFO-2 material, characterized by a large surface area, exhibited an impressive specific capacitance of 96.8 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>. To further explore its practical application, an asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled with MFO-2 as the negative electrode and super-activated carbon (AC) as the positive electrode. The resulting AC//MFO-2 supercapacitor demonstrated a maximum energy density of 20.12 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 140 W kg<sup>−1</sup>. It retained 90.5 % of its capacity after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles at 2 A g<sup>−1</sup>, confirming its excellent cycling stability. Additionally, the two devices were connected in parallel and successfully powered an LED light, providing strong evidence for the practical applicability of the proposed system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102406"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}