4D-printable thermo- and light-responsive triple-shape memory polymer nanocomposites containing titanium nitride nanoparticles

IF 6.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Communications Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI:10.1016/j.coco.2025.102378

Emre Tekay , Betül Aybakan , Vahap Uygar Aslan

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Abstract

In this work, novel light-responsive nanocomposites were developed by incorporating varying amounts (1-3-5 phr) of titanium nitride nanoparticles (TiN-NP) into a ternary polymer blend consisting of 30 wt% of maleic anhydride grafted SEBS (SEBS-MA), 40 wt% of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and 30 wt% of butyl methacrylate/isobutyl methacrylate copolymer (PBMA-PiBMA), that exhibits thermally induced triple-shape memory properties. In the nanocomposite containing 1 phr TiN nanoparticles (1-TiN), a core-shell morphology was observed, with the fillers selectively localizing within the SEBS-MA phase. The presence of TiN filler did not have a significant effect on the thermal transition temperatures of the polymer components. An increase in TiN content resulted in enhanced elastic modulus values for the composites, with a notable 138 % rise observed in the composite that included 5 phr filler relative to the blend. The best heat responsive shape memory performance was observed in the 1-TiN composite, with the first and second shape fixation ratios of 91.6 % and 83.4 %, respectively, and the first and second shape recovery ratios of 90.8 % and 100 %, respectively. The 1-TiN composite underwent photothermal heating under 808 nm NIR light, reaching 40 °C and 80 °C at light intensities of 48 mW/cm² and 158 mW/cm², respectively, demonstrating light-responsive triple-shape memory effect. The filament of the same nanocomposite was produced, and 4D-printed objects were created using an FDM-type 3D printer for various applications. Moreover, the 4D-printed objects fabricated using the nanocomposite filament exhibit triple-shape recovery under NIR light with an intensity of 48 mW/cm² and 161 mW/cm².

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含氮化钛纳米颗粒的3d打印热和光响应三形状记忆聚合物纳米复合材料

在这项工作中，通过将不同数量（1-3-5 phr）的氮化钛纳米颗粒（TiN-NP）加入到三元聚合物共混物中，该三元聚合物共混物由30%的马来酸酐接枝SEBS (SEBS- ma)， 40%的乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）和30%的甲基丙烯酸丁酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁酯共聚物（PBMA-PiBMA）组成，开发出新型光响应纳米复合材料，该聚合物具有热诱导的三形状记忆性能。在含有1phr TiN纳米颗粒（1-TiN）的纳米复合材料中，观察到一种核壳形态，填料选择性地定位在SEBS-MA相内。TiN填料的存在对聚合物组分的热转变温度没有显著影响。TiN含量的增加导致复合材料弹性模量值的增强，与共混物相比，在含有5phr填料的复合材料中观察到的弹性模量值显著增加138%。1-TiN复合材料的热响应形状记忆性能最好，一、二次形状固定率分别为91.6%和83.4%，一、二次形状恢复率分别为90.8%和100%。1-TiN复合材料在808 nm近红外光下进行光热加热，分别在48 mW/cm2和158 mW/cm2光强下加热至40℃和80℃，表现出光响应三形状记忆效应。制作了相同纳米复合材料的细丝，并使用fdm型3D打印机创建了用于各种应用的4d打印对象。此外，使用纳米复合灯丝制作的4d打印物体在近红外光下表现出三形状的恢复，强度分别为48 mW/cm2和161 mW/cm2。

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来源期刊

Composites Communications Materials Science-Ceramics and Composites

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

10.00%

发文量

340

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： Composites Communications (Compos. Commun.) is a peer-reviewed journal publishing short communications and letters on the latest advances in composites science and technology. With a rapid review and publication process, its goal is to disseminate new knowledge promptly within the composites community. The journal welcomes manuscripts presenting creative concepts and new findings in design, state-of-the-art approaches in processing, synthesis, characterization, and mechanics modeling. In addition to traditional fiber-/particulate-reinforced engineering composites, it encourages submissions on composites with exceptional physical, mechanical, and fracture properties, as well as those with unique functions and significant application potential. This includes biomimetic and bio-inspired composites for biomedical applications, functional nano-composites for thermal management and energy applications, and composites designed for extreme service environments.