{"title":"Evaluation of Patients With Positive Patch Test Reactions to Rubber Additives: A Retrospective Study From Turkey Between 1996 and 2023.","authors":"İbrahim Halil Aydoğdu, Esen Özkaya","doi":"10.1111/cod.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rubber additives are common causes of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) worldwide, yet data from Turkey remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence of rubber additive sensitisation and its clinical/occupational relevance in a tertiary referral centre.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study on 2687 consecutively patch-tested patients with rubber additives at our allergy unit between 1996 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rubber sensitisation was found in 10.6%, with a slight increase after 2010. Male predominance was noted (female: male = 1:2.3). Thiurams and carbamates were the most frequent sensitizers. ACD was diagnosed in 7.9%, primarily caused by gloves (85.5%). Hands were most commonly affected (94.4%). Logistic regression analysis showed that thiuram and carbamate sensitisation was significantly associated with hand eczema, while benzothiazole derivatives were linked to foot eczema. Airborne ACD occurred in 4.2%, mainly in healthcare workers. Hand eczema with and without wrist extension was observed with similar frequency. Occupational ACD accounted for 79.3% of cases, especially among construction (56.8%) and healthcare workers (14.8%), with a relative increase in the latter group after 2015.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high prevalence of sensitisation from rubber gloves is concerning. Legal measures are urgently needed, including safer additives and clearer glove labelling. Patch testing remains essential, even without the classic glove-pattern distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":10527,"journal":{"name":"Contact Dermatitis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claire Bernier, Marie-Noëlle Crépy, Bruno Halioua, Camille Leleu, Marina Schverer, Solenn Le Clanche, Marie Tauber, Angèle Soria
{"title":"Assessment of Practices in Chronic Hand Eczema Management From CHEMIN, a National Delphi Survey.","authors":"Claire Bernier, Marie-Noëlle Crépy, Bruno Halioua, Camille Leleu, Marina Schverer, Solenn Le Clanche, Marie Tauber, Angèle Soria","doi":"10.1111/cod.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.70001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10527,"journal":{"name":"Contact Dermatitis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucrezia Bianchetti, Anna Walker, Ophelie Marchal, Laura Bruschi, Héloïse Wüthrich, An Goossens, Ella Dendooven, Olivier Aerts, Curdin Conrad, Michel Gilliet, Teofila Seremet
{"title":"Sensitization Patterns to Cyanoacrylate-Based Surgical Glues.","authors":"Lucrezia Bianchetti, Anna Walker, Ophelie Marchal, Laura Bruschi, Héloïse Wüthrich, An Goossens, Ella Dendooven, Olivier Aerts, Curdin Conrad, Michel Gilliet, Teofila Seremet","doi":"10.1111/cod.14838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surgical glues are increasingly used, offering advantages like reduced scarring and faster wound closure. However, they pose risks of localised and disseminated allergic contact dermatitis caused by cyanoacrylate monomers.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate sensitisation patterns to cyanoacrylate-based surgical glues, the usefulness of testing with the commercially available ethyl cyanoacrylate, and cross-reactions between cyanoacrylates and (meth)acrylates.</p><p><strong>Patients/methods: </strong>Sixteen patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from surgical adhesives were patch tested with the European Standard and Acrylate series (only containing ethyl cyanoacrylate) among other series, of whom 15 were tested with the surgical glues used. Clinical data, including demographics and surgical histories, were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen patients (94%) tested positively to surgical glues, with 81% showing positive reactions to ethyl cyanoacrylate, to which the patient not tested to the glue \"as is\" also reacted. Three ethyl cyanoacrylate-negative patients reacted to Dermabond Prineo. Exclusive sensitisation to ethyl cyanoacrylate was observed in eight patients, while five reacted to other (meth)acrylic compounds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ethyl cyanoacrylate is a screening agent for surgical-glue sensitised patients, but if negative, tape-stripping-modified patch testing, also with the glues, is indicated. Cross-reactions can occur between cyanoacrylates and co-reactions (concomitant sensitization) with certain (meth)acrylates. Primary sensitisation is particularly relevant in patients undergoing treatment with cyanoacrylate-based glues for the first time, rather than because of previous exposure to other sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":10527,"journal":{"name":"Contact Dermatitis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olivier Aerts, Jeanne Duus Johansen, Carola Lidén, Wolfgang Uter, Ian R White
{"title":"A Slippery Slope: Is Benzyl Alcohol a Contact Allergen?","authors":"Olivier Aerts, Jeanne Duus Johansen, Carola Lidén, Wolfgang Uter, Ian R White","doi":"10.1111/cod.14831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14831","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10527,"journal":{"name":"Contact Dermatitis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benedikte von Spreckelsen, Mikkel Bak Jensen, Jeanne Duus Johansen, Malin Glindvad Ahlström
{"title":"Nickel Allergy and Piercings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Benedikte von Spreckelsen, Mikkel Bak Jensen, Jeanne Duus Johansen, Malin Glindvad Ahlström","doi":"10.1111/cod.14837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nickel is the most frequent cause of allergic contact dermatitis in Europe and worldwide despite 20 years of regulation. The aim of this study is to systematically assess (i) the risk of nickel allergy associated with piercings and (ii) the proportion of earrings for piercings on the market that release excessive amounts of nickel. The databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched. Regarding (i): nickel allergy was significantly associated with piercings in the general population (OR 5.9 [95% CI: 3.6-9.4], n = 5333) and in dermatitis patients (OR: 3.6 [95% CI: 2.3-5.8], n = 20 330). The etiological fraction was 82% (95% CI: 55.2%-92.8%) and 69.7% (95% CI: 62.7%-75.3%), respectively. Regarding (ii): critical nickel release, as determined by dimethylglyoxime (DMG) screening, was identified in 11.3% of European earrings, while a much higher proportion was found in earrings from Asia (34.5%) and North America (31.1%). Of concern, as determined by EN1811, 24.7% of European earrings intended for piercing exceeded regulatory limits. In conclusion, piercing poses a significant risk factor for nickel allergy and a large proportion of earrings still release nickel in amounts that may result in nickel allergy and allergic nickel dermatitis. Stricter enforcement of existing regulations and consideration of new measures are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":10527,"journal":{"name":"Contact Dermatitis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linda Ljungberg Silic, Renato Ivan de Ávila, Sofía Carreira-Santos, Gábor Merényi, Ola Bergendorff, Kathrin S Zeller
{"title":"The Carba Mix-In Vitro Investigations of Potential Cocktail Effects in Patch Tests With Rubber Allergens.","authors":"Linda Ljungberg Silic, Renato Ivan de Ávila, Sofía Carreira-Santos, Gábor Merényi, Ola Bergendorff, Kathrin S Zeller","doi":"10.1111/cod.14833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The carba mix is used to screen rubber chemical allergy and consists of three rubber sensitising chemicals: 1% (w/w) zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC), 1% (w/w) zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate (ZDBC) and 1% (w/w) 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG), all in petrolatum. However, carba mix patch test results can be difficult to interpret, which may be linked to so-called 'cocktail' effects.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The carba mix was used as a 'model mixture' to better understand human reactions observed in clinical patch testing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the responses of a human cell model resembling dendritic cells to the carba mix single constituents ZDEC, ZDBC and DPG and to predefined mixtures capturing the molar composition of the carba mix using transcriptomic approaches and immunological and biochemical assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We detected unique cell responses to individual chemicals, where DPG was inducing ROS production and affecting autophagic flux. The combination of ZDEC, ZDBC and DPG induced higher levels of IL-8 secretion than expected based on the IL-8 levels in response to single chemical exposures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data collected in this study support the hypothesis that the carba mix can give rise to cocktail effects. Considering exposure profiles, patch testing with separate carba mix sensitisers may be more appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":10527,"journal":{"name":"Contact Dermatitis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silvia Ojea Varona, Marina Senent Valero, Laura Taboada Paz, Elena Vicente Basanta, Adrián Santiago López Caamaño, Catarina Livana Fernández Traba, Juan Francisco Silvestre Salvador
{"title":"Contact Dermatitis Caused by Propyl Gallate: The Rabbit Was the Key.","authors":"Silvia Ojea Varona, Marina Senent Valero, Laura Taboada Paz, Elena Vicente Basanta, Adrián Santiago López Caamaño, Catarina Livana Fernández Traba, Juan Francisco Silvestre Salvador","doi":"10.1111/cod.14829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14829","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10527,"journal":{"name":"Contact Dermatitis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Allergy to Neem Oil: An Emerging Cause of Contact Dermatitis.","authors":"Yousra El Kaderi, Stefan Kerre, Anne Herman","doi":"10.1111/cod.14832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10527,"journal":{"name":"Contact Dermatitis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}