Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Reply - Letter to the Editor – “The genetically predicted causal associations between circulating 3-hydroxybutyrate levels and malignant neoplasms: A pan-cancer Mendelian randomization study”","authors":"Fanghang Ye, Yucheng Huang, Liang Zeng, Na Li, Liyuan Hao, Jiayun Yue, Shenghao Li, Jiali Deng, Fei Yu, Xiaoyu Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 129-131"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum potassium levels as an independent predictor of unplanned enteral nutrition discontinuation in older adults with gastroesophageal reflux disease","authors":"Chisato Okamoto ,&nbsp;Kanako Kawano ,&nbsp;Akina Iguchi ,&nbsp;Akemi Saeki ,&nbsp;Emi Takaoka ,&nbsp;Noriko Tominaga ,&nbsp;Masatoshi Inoue ,&nbsp;Masafumi Kitakaze","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Enteral nutrition in older adults is often associated with intolerance, a phenomenon not well-understood in the context of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This observational study aimed to evaluate serum potassium levels as an independent prognostic factor for unplanned enteral nutrition discontinuation in older adults with GERD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 213 consecutive patients with GERD who received enteral nutrition at our institution from April 2018 to March 2023. The dietary assessment involved extracting relevant nutritional information from the patients' medical records. The incidence of enteral nutrition discontinuation due to complications was monitored over a 30-day period after initiation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients were categorized into three groups based on initial serum potassium levels: low (&lt;4.0 mmol/L), intermediate (4.0–4.5 mmol/L), and high (≥4.5 mmol/L). During the follow-up, 35 % of patients experienced events leading to the discontinuation of enteral nutrition. Higher potassium levels correlated with an increased risk of unplanned discontinuation of enteral nutrition (log-rank P = 0.002). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis identified serum potassium level as an independent predictor of unplanned discontinuation (hazard ratio: 1.700 [95 % confidence interval: 1.100–2.627] per 1 mmol/L, P = 0.017).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Serum potassium level is a robust independent predictor of unplanned enteral nutrition discontinuation in older adults with GERD. Our findings suggest that monitoring and adjusting potassium levels may be essential for improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of whey protein supplementation on indices of cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Konstantinos Prokopidis ,&nbsp;Paul T. Morgan ,&nbsp;Nicola Veronese ,&nbsp;Jordi Morwani-Mangnani ,&nbsp;Konstantinos K. Triantafyllidis ,&nbsp;Konstantinos S. Kechagias ,&nbsp;Justin Roberts ,&nbsp;Christopher Hurst ,&nbsp;Emma Stevenson ,&nbsp;Dimitris Vlachopoulos ,&nbsp;Oliver C. Witard","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The increasing prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases highlights the urgent need for practical interventions to mitigate their associated public health burden. Whey protein supplementation has emerged as a potential intervention for improving markers of cardiometabolic health. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of whey protein ingestion on cardiometabolic profile in adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from inception until June 2024. Eligible RCTs compared the effect of whey protein supplementation compared to placebo or a carbohydrate-based control on markers of cardiometabolic health. Using the random effects inverse-variance model, we estimated the mean difference (MD) in blood pressure, high- and low-density lipoproteins (HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This meta-analysis included 21 RCTs. Whey protein supplementation had no effect on HDL-cholesterol concentration but did elicit a reduction in LDL-cholesterol in individuals aged &lt;50 years (P &lt; 0.01) and when combined with exercise (MD: −5.38, 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI): −8.87 to −1.88, I² = 0 %, P &lt; 0.01). Total cholesterol was reduced with interventions that combined whey protein supplementation and exercise (MD: −8.58, −14.32 to −2.83, I² = 55 %, P &lt; 0.01), irrespective of age, protein dose, and body mass index ≥25 kg/m² (MD: −6.71, 95 % CI: −11.60 to −1.83, I² = 74 %, P &lt; 0.01). Whey protein supplementation of ≥12 weeks was associated with reduced triglyceride levels (MD: −6.61, 95 % CI: −11.06 to −2.17, I² = 70 %, P &lt; 0.01). There was no clinically relevant effect of whey protein supplementation on blood pressure and HOMA-IR, however, changes pertinent to HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglyceride reduction were primarily displayed in healthy adults.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Whey protein supplementation may be an effective intervention for reducing LDL and total cholesterol levels, particularly in healthy, overweight/obese adults aged &lt;50 years, with the greatest benefits observed when combined with exercise. Healthy adults also showed a benefit regarding triglyceride levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 109-121"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor–The genetically predicted causal associations between circulating 3-hydroxybutyrate levels and malignant neoplasms: A pan-cancer Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Qing Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 122-123"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Effectiveness of whey protein supplementation on muscle strength and physical performance of older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","authors":"Wensi Ouyang,&nbsp;Guimei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 132-133"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing metabolic and inflammatory status in insulin-resistant rats: Acute intervention with cocoa flavanols and submaximal aerobic exercise activates intracellular signaling pathways for glucose metabolism","authors":"B.P. Melo ,&nbsp;A.C. Zacarias ,&nbsp;J.C.C. Oliveira ,&nbsp;L.M. de Souza Cordeiro ,&nbsp;N.A.C. Horta ,&nbsp;M.O. Poletini ,&nbsp;C. Tonoli ,&nbsp;M.L. Dos Santos ,&nbsp;S.P. Wanner ,&nbsp;R. Meeusen ,&nbsp;E. Heyman ,&nbsp;G.F. Avelar ,&nbsp;D.D. Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes, characterized by hyperglycemia, is closely linked to obesity and low-grade inflammation. Acute cocoa flavanols (CF) intake has demonstrated benefits in vasoreactivity, cognitive functions, and antioxidant enzyme activity. However, the physiological mechanisms of CF concerning glucose uptake, inflammatory mediators, and their interplay with aerobic exercise remain unclear in populations with metabolic diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the acute effects of CF, alone or combined with acute aerobic exercise on mechanisms involved in glucose uptake and inflammatory mediators in the liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, and adipose tissue in insulin-resistant (IR) rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-four Wistar rats (250 ± 10g; 15 weeks age) were subjected to a regular chow (CON) or an obesity-associated insulin-resistant (IR) state induced by a high-fat diet and fructose-rich beverage for 30 days. Seventy-two hours after an incremental maximal treadmill running test, rats received a placebo solution or CF supplementation (45 mg·kg^-1 of body weight). One hour later, they either rested or ran on a treadmill at 60 % of peak oxygen uptake (VO_2peak) for 30 min. Euthanasia occurred 30 min post-experimental sessions. Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were assayed using ELISA in the liver, pancreas, gastrocnemius muscle, and epididymal adipose tissues. TRB3 and CPT1 mRNA were assessed by q-RTPCR in the liver and gastrocnemius muscle while Akt and AMPK phosphorylation were examined by immunohistochemistry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CF attenuated hyperglycemia observed after submaximal aerobic exercise in IR rats (p &lt; 0.001). In the liver, CF exhibited additive effects to aerobic exercise, enhancing Akt protein phosphorylation, potentially contributing to improved glucose uptake in IR rats. Submaximal aerobic exercise and CF increased AMPK protein phosphorylation in the liver (p &lt; 0.001) and skeletal muscle (p &lt; 0.001), reduced TRB3 gene expression (p &lt; 0.01), elevated CPT-1a gene expression (p &lt; 0.001), and ameliorated the inflammatory milieu in the pancreas, adipose tissue, liver, and gastrocnemius muscle.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Acute intake, of CF combined with submaximal aerobic exercise activates key proteins and genes involved in glucose uptake and lipid metabolism, improving the inflammatory milieu. This synergistic effect may contribute to mitigating metabolic complications associated with insulin resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 166-177"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional interventions in randomised clinical trials for people with incurable solid cancer: A systematic review","authors":"Amy Mcluskie ,&nbsp;Megan Bowers ,&nbsp;Jo Bayly ,&nbsp;Michael S. Yule ,&nbsp;Matthew Maddocks ,&nbsp;Marie Fallon ,&nbsp;Richard JE. Skipworth ,&nbsp;Barry J.A. Laird","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background &amp; aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Malnutrition is highly prevalent in those with cancer and more so in those with incurable cancer. In incurable cancer, it is widely agreed that optimal nutritional care has the potential to positively impact patient and caregiver distress and oncological outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the diversity and frequency of nutritional interventions, whether given in isolation or as part of a multimodal intervention in those with incurable cancer, in randomised controlled trials. The secondary aims were to describe adherence and their efficacy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The following databases were searched electronically: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE), Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) with the time frame from January 2000 to 7th September 2023. Eligible studies included adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with incurable solid cancer with a sample size ≥40. Studies were to be primary research and delivered for at least 14 days to allow for efficacy. They were to include a nutritional intervention encompassing at least one of the following: dietary counselling, oral nutritional supplements (ONS), enteral tube feeding and/or parenteral nutrition (PN), given in isolation or as part of a multi-modal intervention. Studies were excluded if the population contained patients who had completed curative treatment or are being treated with curative intent, haematological cancers, or if they examined the effects of micronutrients, proteins, amino acids or fatty acids given in isolation. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2). A balloon plot was produced to present the results in addition to a table with a narrative summary of the primary outcomes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 7968 studies were identified, of which 18 met the eligibility criteria. This included 2720 study participants. The included studies comprised: multimodal interventions (n = 7), dietary counselling (n = 2), nutritional supplementation with or without dietary counselling (n = 7) and PN (n = 2). Primary outcomes included quality of life (QoL), body composition and nutritional status. For QoL, this was reported in 15 studies, 4 studies showed a significant improvement. Body composition was evaluated in 15 studies, 5 of which showed a significant improvement in body weight and two in fat-free mass (FFM). Nutritional status was reported in 6 studies with one showing a significant difference in Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score. The risk of bias was deemed ‘low’ in 6 studies, with ‘some concerns’","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 201-219"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond fat: Does semaglutide affect lean mass?","authors":"Tannaz Jamialahmadi ,&nbsp;Ali H. Eid ,&nbsp;Kishore M. Gadde ,&nbsp;Wael Almahmeed ,&nbsp;Matthew Kroh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Al Zein ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This opinion paper aims to discuss the influence of semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), on lean mass beyond its impact on weight loss. Although significant weight loss is achieved with semaglutide, the impact of this drug on lean mass remains controversial. Several investigations have demonstrated that semaglutide-induced weight loss is linked to decreases in lean mass as well as fat mass; on the other hand, the ratio of lean mass to total body mass rises. Nevertheless, larger clinical trials have reported converse findings and significant reductions in lean mass following treatment with semaglutide. This disparity in research findings emphasizes the necessity for additional studies on this subject because semaglutide use is rising quickly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 104-108"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor-Dairy consumption and risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in the Fenland study","authors":"Kun Zhao,&nbsp;Zhenliang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 125-126"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving standards of letters to the editor","authors":"Carla M. Prado,&nbsp;Dileep N. Lobo,&nbsp;Nicolaas E.P. Deutz","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 102-103"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}