Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Periconceptional maternal intake of ultra-processed foods, energy and macronutrients the impact on imaging markers of early utero-placental vascular development: The rotterdam periconception cohort","authors":"Eline S. de Vos ,&nbsp;Annemarie G.M.G.J. Mulders ,&nbsp;Anton H.J. Koning ,&nbsp;Hilco S. Smit ,&nbsp;Lenie van Rossem ,&nbsp;Régine P.M. Steegers-Theunissen","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>The quantity and quality of maternal nutrition in the periconception period is an important determinant for embryonic and foetal development and subsequent pregnancy course and outcome. The intake of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has increased worldwide and adverse health outcomes have been reported. However, the impact of UPF intake on the placenta, essential for prenatal nourishment, is unknown. Therefore, we aim to investigate associations between the periconceptional maternal intake of UPF, energy and related macronutrients, and first-trimester utero-placental vascular development.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 214 ongoing pregnancies in the Virtual Placenta study, a subcohort of the Rotterdam periconception cohort. At enrollment, participants filled out a food frequency questionnaire from which we calculated the average daily energy from UPF, total energy intake and macronutrient intake from UPF. At 7-9-11 weeks of gestation, we performed sequential three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasounds of the first-trimester utero-placental vasculature. Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis (VOCAL) software, Virtual Reality segmentation and a skeletonization algorithm were applied to measure placental volume (PV), utero-placental vascular volume (uPVV) and generate the utero-placental vascular skeleton (uPVS). Absolute vascular morphology was quantified by assigning a morphologic characteristic to each voxel in the uPVS (end-, bifurcation-, crossing- or vessel point) and used to calculate density of vascular branching. Linear mixed models adjusted for confounders were used to investigate associations between maternal intake of UPF, total energy and macronutrients from UPF and PV, uPVV and uPVS characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Energy intake from UPF and total energy intake were not consistently associated with imaging markers of utero-placental vascular development. Higher carbohydrate intake of 10 g/day from UPF was associated with increased uPVS trajectories (end points (β = 0.34, 95%CI = 0.07; 0.61), bifurcation points (β = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.05; 0.70), vessel points (β = 0.957, 95%CI = 0.21; 1.71). No associations were observed with PV.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Against our hypothesis, periconceptional maternal intake of UPF and total energy were not convincingly associated with impaired first-trimester utero-placental vascular development. Remarkably, the increased intake of carbohydrates from UPF, which is often considered ‘unhealthy’, is positively associated with first-trimester utero-placental vascular development. Given the complexity of diet, further research should elucidate what underlies these findings to be able to interpret how nutrition may impact utero-placental vascular development in early pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial number</h3><div>This study is registered at the Dutch Trial Register (NTR6854).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142315994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply-letter to the editor: Comment on: \"Folic acid supplementation for stroke prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 randomized clinical trials worldwide\"","authors":"Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhou,&nbsp;Xiying Chi,&nbsp;Fangfang Fan,&nbsp;Shuqun Li,&nbsp;Yun Song,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Xianhui Qin,&nbsp;Ningling Sun,&nbsp;Xiaobin Wang,&nbsp;Yong Huo,&nbsp;Jianping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 106-107"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply - Letter to the editor: Addressing broader dietary patterns and physical activity in the study of dietary live microbe intake and sarcopenia","authors":"Kemin Yan,&nbsp;Yingying Gong,&nbsp;Gang Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 110-111"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic phenotypes and vitamin D response in the critically ill: A metabolomic cohort study","authors":"Hirotada Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Karin Amrein ,&nbsp;Sherif H. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Jessica A. Lasky-Su ,&nbsp;Kenneth B. Christopher","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><p>Although vitamin D deficiency is common in critically ill patients, randomized controlled trials fail to demonstrate benefits of supplementation. We aimed to identify distinct vitamin D₃ responsive metabolic phenotypes prior to trial intervention of high-dose vitamin D₃ by applying machine learning clustering method to metabolomics data from the Correction of Vitamin D Deficiency in Critically Ill Patients (VITdAL-ICU) trial.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In the randomized, placebo-controlled VITdAL-ICU trial, critically ill adults received placebo or high-dose vitamin D₃. To distinguish vitamin D₃ responsive metabolic phenotypes prior to intervention, we implemented consensus clustering with partitioning around medoids algorithm to the plasma metabolome data before randomization. Individual metabolite differences were determined utilizing linear mixed-effects regression models stratified for metabolomic phenotypes with false discovery rate adjustment. The association between vitamin D₃ supplementation and 180-day mortality was evaluated in each metabolic phenotype, applying multivariable logistic regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In 453 critically ill adults, the study identified 4 distinct metabolic phenotypes (clusters A. N = 134; B. N = 123; C. N = 92; D. N = 104). We found differential metabolic pathway patterns in the four clusters. Specifically, branched chain amino acid catabolic metabolites, long-chain acylcarnitines and diacylglycerol species are significantly increased in a specific metabolic phenotype (cluster D) following high-dose vitamin D₃. Further, in cluster D high-dose vitamin D₃ supplementation had a significantly lower adjusted odds of 180-day mortality after controlling age, sex, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, admission diagnosis, and baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (OR 0.28 (95%CI, 0.09–0.89); P = 0.03). In metabotype A, B, and C, high-dose vitamin D₃ supplementation was not significantly associated with lower 180-day mortality following multivariable adjustment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this post-hoc cohort study of the VITdAL-ICU trial, the clustering analysis of plasma metabolome data identified biologically distinct metabolic phenotypes. Among clusters, we found the different associations between high-dose vitamin D₃ supplementation and specific metabolite pathways as well as 180-day mortality. Our findings facilitate further research to validate metabolic phenotype-targeted strategies for critical illness treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 10-19"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomised control trial indicates micronutrient supplementation may support a more robust maternal microbiome for women with antenatal depression during pregnancy","authors":"Aaron J. Stevens ,&nbsp;Thalia M. Heiwari ,&nbsp;Fenella J. Rich ,&nbsp;Hayley A. Bradley ,&nbsp;Tamar L. Gur ,&nbsp;Jeffrey D. Galley ,&nbsp;Martin A. Kennedy ,&nbsp;Lesley A. Dixon ,&nbsp;Roger T. Mulder ,&nbsp;Julia J. Rucklidge","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>We investigated the effects of high dose dietary micronutrient supplementation or placebo on the human gut microbiome in pregnant women who had moderate symptoms of antenatal depression. There is a significant absence of well-controlled clinical studies that have investigated the dynamic changes of the microbiome during pregnancy and the relationship among diet, microbiome and antenatal depression. This research is among the first to provide an insight into this area of research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This 12 - week study followed a standard double blinded randomised placebo-controlled trial (RCT) design with either high dose micronutrients or active placebo. Matching stool microbiome samples and mood data were obtained at baseline and post-treatment, from participants between 12 and 24 weeks gestation. Stool microbiome samples from 33 participants (17 in the placebo and 16 in the treatment group) were assessed using 16s rRNA sequencing. Data preparation and statistical analysis was predominantly performed using the QIIME2 bioinformatic software tools for 16s rRNA analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Microbiome community structure became increasingly heterogenous with decreased diversity during the course of the study, which was represented by significant changes in alpha and beta diversity. This effect appeared to be mitigated by micronutrient administration. There were less substantial changes at the genus level, where <em>Coprococcus</em> decreased in relative abundance in response to micronutrient administration. We also observed that a higher abundance of <em>Coprococcus</em> and higher alpha diversity correlated with higher antenatal depression scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Micronutrient treatment appeared to support a more diverse (alpha diversity) and stable (beta diversity) microbiome during pregnancy. This may aid in maintaining a more resilient or adaptable microbial community, which would help protect against decreases or fluctuations that are observed during pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 120-132"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blunted inflammatory response is associated with a lower response to a weight loss dietary intervention in liver recipients","authors":"Débora Fernandes Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Gabriela Barbosa Pires Fagundes ,&nbsp;Brenda Loise Monteiro ,&nbsp;Nayara Mussi Monteze ,&nbsp;Ana Maria dos Santos Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira ,&nbsp;Antônio Lucio Teixeira ,&nbsp;Mauro Martins Teixeira ,&nbsp;Marina Chaves de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Maria Isabel Toulson Davisson Correia ,&nbsp;Simone de Vasconcelos Generoso ,&nbsp;Adaliene Versiani Matos Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><p>Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, and adipose tissue inflammation is required for fatty tissue remodeling. Interestingly, immunosuppressed patients, as liver transplant recipients, often experience excessive weight gain. We investigated how liver recipients' inflammatory response affects body weight loss induced by dietary treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Overweight liver recipients were paired with non-transplanted subjects to compare their peripheral immune profiles.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Transplanted patients had similar profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to controls but lower CD8^lowCD56⁺CD16⁺NK cells and higher B lymphocytes. Patients showed lower serum concentrations of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-4, IL-2, and IL-10 and lower inflammatory responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells under inflammatory stimuli. Liver recipients paired with non-transplanted subjects followed a weight loss dietary plan for 6 months to verify body composition changes. After 3 and 6 months of nutritional follow-up, the control group lost more body weight than the liver recipient group. The control group decreased fat mass and waist circumference, which was not observed in transplanted patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Therefore, liver recipients under immunosuppressant treatment responded less to different inflammatory stimuli. This impaired inflammatory milieu might be implicated in the lack of response to weight loss dietary intervention. Inflammation may be essential to trigger the weight loss induced by dietary prescription.</p></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registry</h3><p><span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> identification number: NCT03103984.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 10","pages":"Pages 2438-2447"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidomic perturbations of normal-weight adiposity phenotypes and their mediations on diet–adiposity associations","authors":"Kun Xu ,&nbsp;Yuan Shen ,&nbsp;Lin Shi ,&nbsp;Fangyao Chen ,&nbsp;Binyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yafang He ,&nbsp;Yutong Wang ,&nbsp;Yezhou Liu ,&nbsp;Guoshuai Shi ,&nbsp;Baibing Mi ,&nbsp;Lingxia Zeng ,&nbsp;Shaonong Dang ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Hong Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><p>Normal-weight obesity (NWO) and normal-weight central obesity (NWCO) have been linked to higher cardiometabolic risks, but their etiological bases and attributable dietary factors remain unclear. In this study we therefore aimed to identify lipidomic signatures and dietary factors related to NWO and NWCO and to explore the mediation associations of lipids in diet–adiposity associations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using a high-coverage targeted lipidomic approach, we quantified 1245 serum lipids in participants with NWO (<em>n</em> = 150), NWCO (<em>n</em> = 150), or propensity-score-matched normal-weight controls (<em>n</em> = 150) based on the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China. Consumption frequency of 28 major food items was recorded using a food frequency questionnaire.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Profound lipidomic perturbations of NWCO relative to NWO were observed, and 249 (dominantly glycerolipids) as well as 48 (dominantly glycerophospholipids) lipids were exclusively associated with NWCO or NWO. Based on strong lipidomic signatures identified by a LASSO model, phospholipid biosynthesis was the top enriched pathway of NWCO, and sphingolipid metabolism was the top pathway of NWO. Remarkably, sphingolipids were positively associated with NWO and NWCO, but lyso-phosphatidylcholines were negatively associated with them. Rice, fruit juice, and carbonated drink intakes were positively associated with the risk of NWCO. Both global and individual lipidomic signatures, including SE(28:1_22:6) and HexCer(d18:1/20:1), mediated these diet-NWCO associations (mediation proportion: 15.92%–26.10%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Differential lipidomic signatures were identified for overall and abdominal adiposity accumulation in normal-weight individuals, underlining their core mediation roles in dietary contributions to adiposity deposition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy consumption and risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in the Fenland study","authors":"Isabel A.L. Slurink ,&nbsp;Nina Kupper ,&nbsp;Tom Smeets ,&nbsp;Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Limited observational evidence suggests that a higher intake of high-fat dairy may be associated with lower prediabetes risk, while opposite associations have been observed for low-fat milk intake. This study aimed to examine associations between baseline and changes in dairy consumption, risk of prediabetes, and glycaemic status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>7521 participants from the prospective UK Fenland study were included (mean age 48.7 ± 2.0 years, 51.9 % female). Dairy intake was measured using self-reported food frequency questionnaires. Associations with prediabetes risk and glycaemic status were analysed using Poisson regression models adjusted for social demographics, health behaviours, family history of diabetes and food group intake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At a mean follow-up of 6.7 ± 2.0 years, 290 participants developed prediabetes (4.3 %). Most dairy products were not significantly associated with prediabetes risk. A higher baseline intake of high-fat dairy (RR_servings/day 1.20, 95%CI 1.03–1.39) and high-fat milk (RR_servings/day 1.22, 1.01–1.47) were associated with higher prediabetes risk. Conversely, low-fat milk was associated with lower prediabetes risk (RR_servings/day 0.86, 0.75–0.98). In the analyses evaluating dietary changes over time, increases in high-fat milk were inversely associated with risk of progressing from normoglycaemia to prediabetes or type 2 diabetes (RR_servings/day 0.86, 95%CI 0.75–0.99).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This population-based study showed that most dairy products are not associated with prediabetes risk or progression in glycaemic status. Positive associations of high-fat dairy, high-fat milk, and the inverse association of low-fat milk with prediabetes risk found were inconsistent with prior literature and suggestive of the need for future research on environmental, behavioural, and biological factors that explain the available evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 69-79"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “ESPEN practical guideline on clinical nutrition in hospitalized patients with acute or chronic kidney disease” [Clin Nutr 43 (2024) 2238–2254]","authors":"Alice Sabatino ,&nbsp;Enrico Fiaccadori ,&nbsp;Rocco Barazzoni ,&nbsp;Juan Jesus Carrero ,&nbsp;Adamasco Cupisti ,&nbsp;Elisabeth De Waele ,&nbsp;Joop Jonckheer ,&nbsp;Cristina Cuerda ,&nbsp;Stephan C. Bischoff","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 10","pages":"Pages 2394-2398"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261561424003303/pdfft?md5=cb42723ff179dad59a35136bd9b932e2&pid=1-s2.0-S0261561424003303-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trunk-to-leg volume and appendicular lean mass from a commercial 3-dimensional optical body scanner for disease risk identification","authors":"Jonathan P. Bennett ,&nbsp;Michael C. Wong ,&nbsp;Yong En Liu ,&nbsp;Brandon K. Quon ,&nbsp;Nisa N. Kelly ,&nbsp;Andrea K. Garber ,&nbsp;Steven B. Heymsfield ,&nbsp;John A. Shepherd","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.028","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background &amp; aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Body shape expressed as the trunk-to-leg volume ratio is associated with diabetes and mortality due to the associations between higher adiposity and lower lean mass with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) risk. Reduced appendicular muscle mass is associated with malnutrition risk and age-related frailty, and is a risk factor for poor treatment outcomes related to MetS and other clinical conditions (e.g.; cancer). These measures are traditionally assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which can be difficult to access in clinical settings. The Shape Up! Adults trial (SUA) demonstrated the accuracy and precision of 3-dimensional optical imaging (3DO) for body composition as compared to DXA and other criterion measures. Here we assessed whether trunk-to-leg volume estimates derived from 3DO are associated with MetS risk in a similar way as when measured by DXA. We further explored if estimations of appendicular lean mass (ALM) could be made using 3DO to further improve the accessibility of measuring this important frailty and disease risk factor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;SUA recruited participants across sex, age (18–40, 40–60, &gt;60 years), BMI (under, normal, overweight, obese), and race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic [NH] Black, NH White, Hispanic, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander) categories. Each participant had whole-body DXA and 3DO scans, and measures of cardiovascular health. The 3DO measures of trunk and leg volumes were calibrated to DXA to express equivalent trunk-to-leg volume ratios. We expressed each blood measure and overall MetS risk in quartile gradations of trunk-to-leg volume previously defined by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Finally, we utilized 3DO measures to estimate DXA ALM using ten-fold cross-validation of the entire dataset.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Participants were 502 (273 female) adults, mean age = 46.0 ± 16.5y, BMI = 27.6 ± 7.1 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and a mean DXA trunk-to-leg volume ratio of 1.47 ± 0.22 (females: 1.43 ± 0.23; males: 1.52 ± 0.20). After adjustments for age and sex, each standard deviation increase in trunk-to-leg volume by 3DO was associated with a 3.3 (95% odds ratio [OR] = 2.4–4.2) times greater risk of MetS, with individuals in the highest quartile of trunk-to-leg at 27.4 (95% CI: 9.0–53.1) times greater risk of MetS compared to the lowest quartile. Risks of elevated blood biomarkers as related to high 3DO trunk-to-leg volume ratios were similar to previously published comparisons using DXA trunk-to-leg volume ratios. Estimated ALM by 3DO was correlated to DXA (&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.96, root mean square error = 1.5 kg) using ten-fold cross-validation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using thresholds of trunk-to-leg associated with MetS developed on a sample of US-representative adults, trunk-to-leg ratio by 3DO after adjustments for offsets showed significant associations to blood parameters and MetS risk. ","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"43 10","pages":"Pages 2430-2437"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}