Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Micronutrient supplementation influences the composition and diet-originating function of the gut microbiome in healthy adults","authors":"Shona Mckirdy ,&nbsp;Athanasios Koutsos ,&nbsp;Ben Nichols ,&nbsp;Maris Anderson ,&nbsp;Sumet Dhami ,&nbsp;Chandrama Roy Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Anna Mascellani Bergo ,&nbsp;Jaroslav Havlik ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Gerasimidis","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Studies <em>in-vitro</em> and in animals propose that vitamins and minerals can alter the human gut microbiome. Human trials replicating these findings are scarce or used micronutrient supplementation in supraphysiological doses. We explored the effect of multivitamin/multimineral (MVMM) supplementation on the gut microbiome, and how participant's background diet can modify this effect.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a randomised, controlled, cross-over study, 28 healthy adults (68 % female, mean [SD], 33 [13] years]) received either a MVMM supplement containing dosages close to the UK dietary recommendations for 23 micronutrients (intervention period) or no supplement (control period), for 10-days, separated by a 15-day washout period. Participants' diet was recorded and replicated between the two periods. Faecal microbiota composition was profiled using 16S rRNA sequencing, metabolome with ¹H NMR, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) with gas chromatography, and sulphide concentration with colorimetry. Associations between background diet and microbiome responses during MVMM supplementation were explored using machine learning.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following MVMM supplementation, the absolute abundance of <em>Lachnoclostridium</em> and <em>UCG_005</em> taxa were lower, while the concentrations of total SCFAs, specifically propionate and butyrate, and total sulphide were higher than the control period. Compared to baseline, MVMM supplementation decreased the absolute abundance of Desulfobacterota, Actinobacteriota, Bifidobacteriaceae, <em>Erysipelatoclostridiaceae</em> and Veillonellaceae, and increased the concentration of propionate. Background dietary intakes of saturated fat and total carbohydrates related with the MVMM-induced effect of decreasing Desulfobacterota. Likewise, the intakes of vitamins B2, B12, and E, along with iron, related with the effect of MVMM on decreasing <em>Erysipelatoclostridiaceae</em>. No changes were observed within the control period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In healthy adults, short-term MVMM supplementation influences the gut microbiota composition and diet-originating microbial metabolites and potentially host health.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05371704.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 293-303"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic carbohydrate feeding improves performance in ketogenic trained athletes","authors":"Matthew Carpenter,&nbsp;James Brouner,&nbsp;Owen Spendiff","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Ketogenic diets (KDs) induce significant metabolic adaptations related to exercise performance and alter the glycaemic response to carbohydrates. Research examining the efficacy of KDs on endurance performance is mixed, with sub-elite athletes showing no impairment in endurance performance following a KD intervention. Despite the increased volume of KD research, no one has explored the metabolic and performance impacts of carbohydrate re-introduction before exercise in chronically ketogenic (≥12 months) individuals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of varying carbohydrate feeding timings and dosages on performance and physiological responses in 13 recreational athletes who followed a KD for 25 ± 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants visited the lab six times. The first visit determined their <span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> O_2max. The second accustomed them to test procedures. In a single-blinded crossover design, visits 3–6 tested four conditions using a Latin square design. Each condition involved two days of consuming 2.27L of either 200g of CHO or a placebo, followed by a 750 ml bolus of either 60g of CHO or a placebo 30 min before exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Conditions involving a pre-exercise carbohydrate bolus significantly improved 16.1 km time trial performance compared to placebo (P &lt; 0.05). Carbohydrate consumed in the 48 h before exercise had no impact on performance compared to placebo (P &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results indicate that carbohydrate ingestion enhances performance only when consumed immediately prior to exercise. This suggests that the ergogenic effects are likely mediated through central nervous system mechanisms or via the prevention of hypoglycaemia, rather than through delayed metabolic pathways. Furthermore, these findings imply that muscle and liver glycogen stores may influence performance through distinct mechanisms, warranting further investigation into their independent roles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 212-221"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between serum zonulin levels and sarcopenia in older adults: How does intestinal permeability affect sarcopenia?","authors":"Kübra Erdoğan ,&nbsp;Betül Gülsüm Yavuz Veizi ,&nbsp;Selim Demirci ,&nbsp;Semih Sezer ,&nbsp;Özgür Kara","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and function, significantly reduces the quality of life and increases mortality risk in older individuals. Recent evidence highlights the role of intestinal permeability and its associated biomarker, zonulin, in the development of sarcopenia via chronic inflammation pathways. However, the relationship between serum zonulin levels and sarcopenia remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between serum zonulin levels and sarcopenia in elderly individuals and to assess the potential of zonulin as a diagnostic biomarker for sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 93 patients aged ≥60 years were prospectively included. Serum zonulin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and sarcopenia diagnosis was established using the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM), experts in the special interest group on sarcopenia (ISarcoPRM) algorithm, incorporating handgrip strength, chair stand test (CST), and ultrasonographic measurements of anterior thigh muscle thickness adjusted for body mass index (BMI). Logistic regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to evaluate predictors of sarcopenia and zonulin's diagnostic performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Zonulin levels were significantly elevated in sarcopenic patients compared to non-sarcopenic counterparts (24.92 ng/ml [21.01–27.06] vs. 19.52 ng/ml [18.00–22.85]; p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression identified zonulin (odds ratio (OR) = 1.204, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.043–1.391; p = 0.011) as an independent predictor of sarcopenia. ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.745, with an optimal zonulin cutoff of 23.33 ng/ml (71 % sensitivity, 79 % specificity).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Elevated serum zonulin levels are associated with sarcopenia in elderly individuals, suggesting a potential role of intestinal barrier dysfunction in sarcopenia pathophysiology. Zonulin shows promise as a novel biomarker for sarcopenia diagnosis, warranting further investigation in longitudinal studies to clarify causality and clinical utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 206-211"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of new predictive equations for energy requirements in older adults: A comparison with doubly labeled water","authors":"Dennis Gustavo Alves Mello ,&nbsp;Eduardo Ferriolli ,&nbsp;Karina Pfrimer","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine recently updated the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for Energy using doubly labeled water (DLW) data from several international studies. The lack of energy estimation equations for older adults remains a knowledge gap. Therefore, recent specific equations for this age group have been suggested, such as the proposed by Porter et al. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of two new equations developed for estimated energy requirements in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were obtained from a cross-sectional study with weight-stable older adults. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured using indirect calorimetry. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was assessed by DLW. Estimated energy requirements (EER) were calculated using predictive equations from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (EER-NASEM) and Porter et al. (EER-Porter). Accuracy between methods was evaluated using bias in percentage, root mean squared error in percentage (RMSE%), Pearson’s correlation, Bland-Altman plots, and at the individual level with ±10 % of TEE obtained by DLW.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study included 41 volunteers (21 women). The mean DLW-TEE was 2006 (SD = 366) kcal/day for women and 2420 (606) kcal/day for men. EER-NASEM was 1865 (186) kcal/day for women and 2396 (247) kcal/day for men. EER-Porter was 1893 (218) kcal/day for women and 2357 (312) kcal/day for men. Both equations had a mean bias of ≤10 % of the measured TEE by DLW but with an RMSE% ≥ 10 %. At the individual level, EER-NASEM overestimated measured TEE in 35.0 % of men and underestimated in 23 % of women. In contrast, EER-Porter showed a 15 % overestimation for men and an underestimation in 28 % of women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>According to our results, these equations should be used with caution in clinical practice at the individual level. A tailored approach to individual context, particularly whether the priority is to prevent obesity or underweight, as well as the assessment of energy intake, physical activity levels, and changes in body weight changes is crucial to dietary planning and preventing unintentional weight changes in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 287-292"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric and psychological adverse effects associated with dulaglutide, semaglutide, and liraglutide: A vigibase study","authors":"Kazuki Nishida ,&nbsp;Basile Chrétien ,&nbsp;Charles Dolladille ,&nbsp;Takumi Ebina ,&nbsp;Branko Aleksic ,&nbsp;Nicolas Cabé ,&nbsp;Véronique Savey ,&nbsp;Takeshi Onoue ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yatsuya","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are crucial in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Agents like dulaglutide, semaglutide, and liraglutide mimic endogenous GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion and promoting satiety. Beyond glycemic control, they offer cardioprotective and neuroprotective benefits. However, concerns about psychiatric adverse effects have emerged, necessitating a systematic assessment of their safety profile.</div><div>Material &amp; Methods: This multinational pharmacovigilance study utilized VigiBase® data up to December 1, 2024, focusing on adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports for GLP-1 RAs. Psychiatric ADRs were classified using MedDRA terminology. Disproportionality analyses were conducted via logistic regression to calculate reporting adjusted Reporting Odds Ratios (aRORs) within reports involving antidiabetic or anti-obesity medications. A causal forest model assessed the individual treatment effect (ITE) of semaglutide on depression and suicidality reporting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 2,061,901 reports, 21,414 involved psychiatric ADRs for GLP-1 RAs. Significant signals were observed for anxiety (aROR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.18–1.35), depressed mood disorders (aROR: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.57–1.84) and suicidality (aROR 1.45, 95%CI: 1.29–1.63) with semaglutide, and eating disorders with all three GLP-1 RAs (aRORs between 4.17 and 6.80). The causal forest model estimated an average treatment effect of 0.0046 for semaglutide on depression and suicidality reporting, with significant heterogeneity across regions and demographic groups.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The study found no significant increase in overall psychiatric ADR reporting for GLP-1 RAs, except for eating disorders and depression/suicidality in semaglutide-treated patients. Sensitivity analyses before June 4, 2021, found no signals, aligning with RCT data. Post-marketing reports linked semaglutide to depression and suicidal ideation, prompting regulatory investigations. The causal forest model revealed significant heterogeneity in the psychiatric safety profile of semaglutide, with regional factors influencing ADR reporting.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While GLP-1 RAs do not show a significant increase in overall psychiatric ADR reporting, findings suggest that clinicians should remain vigilant for potential depressive symptoms and suicidality, particularly in individuals with obesity treated with semaglutide since its approval for weight management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 252-265"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc supplementation among zinc-deficient vegetarians and vegans restores antiviral interferon-α response by upregulating interferon regulatory factor 3","authors":"Fynn Vallboehmer,&nbsp;Hannah Schoofs,&nbsp;Lothar Rink,&nbsp;Jana Jakobs","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Sufficient zinc status is crucial for undisturbed immune function. Further, dietary zinc requirements are mainly covered by animal products. Consequently, plant-based diets have been repeatedly linked to zinc deficiency. In the light of increasing popularity of plant-based diets, elucidating the impact of zinc deficiency on the innate immune system of vegetarians and vegans is of great interest. Although it has been previously shown that interferon (IFN) -α response towards viral stimuli can be enhanced by administering zinc <em>in vitro</em>, the underlying molecular process remains unknown. In this project, we investigate the effect of short-term, oral zinc supplementation <em>in vivo</em> on antiviral immune response and describe the potential molecular mechanism behind zinc-dependent interferon-α production.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Zinc status of omnivore, vegetarian and vegan subjects was determined by serum zinc measurement and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Antiviral IFN-α response was measured in whole-blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells upon viral stimulus. Furthermore, expression of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3, a positive regulator of IFNα, was quantified in each cohort. If zinc deficiency was detected, participants received oral zinc supplementation and tests were repeated afterwards.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed a high prevalence of imminent or manifest zinc deficiency among vegetarians and vegans. Compared to omnivores, IFNα response and IRF3 levels were significantly reduced. Moreover, we were able to enhance zinc status, increase IRF3 expression and reconstitute IFNα response by oral zinc supplementation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We identified zinc-dependent IRF3 expression as an essential cellular mechanism behind impaired IFNα response in zinc-deficient subjects. This may contribute to disturbed antiviral immunity and cause increased susceptibility to virus infections <em>in vivo</em>. Oral zinc supplementation effectively restored IRF3 and IFNα levels. Hence, nutritional interventions may become increasingly important in order to prevent health implications from micronutrient deficiencies among vegetarians and vegans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 161-173"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteosarcopenic obesity: A systematic review and a call for consensus on definitions and diagnostic criteria","authors":"Olivia Di Vincenzo ,&nbsp;Claudia Piciocchi ,&nbsp;Luca Muzzioli ,&nbsp;Eleonora Poggiogalle ,&nbsp;Francesco Frigerio ,&nbsp;Marianna Minnetti ,&nbsp;Rocco Barazzoni ,&nbsp;Maria Luisa Brandi ,&nbsp;Luca Busetto ,&nbsp;Giovanni Iolascon ,&nbsp;Antimo Moretti ,&nbsp;Luca Scalfi ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Maria Donini ,&nbsp;Silvia Migliaccio","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aim</h3><div>Osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) is a clinical and functional condition characterized by the coexistence of osteopenia/osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity (excess adiposity). Currently, the lack of consensus on diagnostic criteria and cut-off values complicates prevalence estimates and limits its potential role as a predictor for various diseases. This systematic review aimed at examining current definitions and diagnostic criteria adopted in individuals with OSO.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from inception until July 31st, 2024. Human studies involving all ages, sexes, and ethnicities were included, excluding those lacking well-specified definitions or cut-offs for osteopenia/osteoporosis, sarcopenia and obesity. Results were reported in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with methodological quality assessed using the Quality Assessment Tools of the National Institutes of Health.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, 64 potentially eligible studies were examined. Of these, 39 studies involving 118,791 participants met the inclusion criteria. Significant heterogeneity was observed in the diagnostic approaches, largely due to the variability in parameters and methods used to assess sarcopenia and obesity, and reference cut-offs. This may partly be explained by differences in the availability of body composition techniques across settings, investigators’ level of expertise and the study population involved.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings underscore the need for consensus guidelines that provide a standardized definition of OSO, diagnostic criteria with practical and clinically relevant cut-offs, and consistent methodologies. This will help identify the prevalence of OSO, define its clinical and functional significance, and develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 146-160"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intricate interplay between acute pancreatitis and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: Unraveling the unknown","authors":"Xiaorui Cui ,&nbsp;Huaizhu Guo ,&nbsp;Zhen Liu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Lei ,&nbsp;Yunxiong Wei ,&nbsp;Guangyong Sun ,&nbsp;Dong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianyu Hao ,&nbsp;Donglei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinjuan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) refers to the overcolonization of bacteria in the small intestine. Multiple studies have shown a correlation between SIBO and the occurrence and development of various diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between SIBO and acute pancreatitis (AP), summarizing the current research on the interaction and development between SIBO, AP, and gut microbiota translocation. It is emphasized that AP may lead to the generation of SIBO by prolonging the migrating motor complex (MMC) time and weakening the intestinal barrier. SIBO also plays a critical role in the development and deterioration of AP, which is related to the poor prognosis of AP through the intermediate factor of bacterial translocation (BT). Dysregulated bacteria and their metabolites can promote the occurrence of inflammatory cytokine storms through a series of immune signaling pathways. Furthermore, we summarize the promising treatments to improve AP by clearing SIBO and form a new therapeutic intervention strategy based on regulating gut microbiota and improving intestinal motility. For AP patients, rifaximin, probiotics, butyrate, and others targeting SIBO may be more effective in reducing the complications of AP and achieving better clinical outcomes, but further research is needed to validate this hypothesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 362-372"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The anti-tumour role of ketogenic diet based on energy metabolism","authors":"Jiasheng Wu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Sun ,&nbsp;Hanmou Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Luo ,&nbsp;Suxia Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Unlike the energy metabolism of normal cells, tumour cells favor aerobic glycolysis to meet their unique energy demands, while disrupting normal mitochondrial metabolism. This specialized energy metabolic pathway promotes tumour growth, proliferation, and metastasis. The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat diet inducing ketone bodies (KBs) for energy metabolism by restricting carbohydrate intake and promoting fatty acid breakdown. Due to the unique energy metabolism of tumours, KD has the potential to counteract tumour energy metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The current literature was reviewed for potential anti-tumour mechanisms of KD based on energy metabolism and the clinical evidence suggested for KD roles in tumours.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>KD exerts anti-tumour effects by inhibiting tumour aerobic glycolysis, inducing KBs, activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review groundbreakingly concludes that KD manifests the potential of anti-tumour effects based on energy metabolism. Furthermore, this study establishes a theoretical foundation for exploring the anti-cancer properties of KD and its potential as a adjunctive therapy for cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 174-186"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional food lycopene mitigates obesity-related cognitive decline via lipid metabolism regulation and neuroprotection via taurine and glutathione pathway","authors":"Yuqing Wu ,&nbsp;Jingfang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity has emerged as a critical global public health challenge, contributing not only to metabolic disorders but also to neurological complications, including cognitive decline. Lycopene, a carotenoid found abundantly in tomatoes, has gained attention as a functional food due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study explores the neuroprotective effects of lycopene against obesity-related cognitive impairment in male C57BL/6 mice. Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for four months to induce obesity, followed by supplementation with lycopene (50 mg/kg). Cognitive performance was assessed through Y-maze, Morris water maze, and novel object recognition tests. We also examined systemic and hippocampal inflammatory markers, along with lipidomic and proteomic profiles. Lycopene supplementation significantly improved cognitive function, restored neuronal density, and enhanced levels of key neuroprotective proteins, including BDNF and NeuN. Lipidomic analysis revealed a reduction in pro-inflammatory lipids (e.g., lysophosphatidylcholine, triglycerides) and an increase in neuroprotective lipids (e.g., phosphatidylserine, fatty acids). Additionally, proteomic data showed a decrease in lipid-induced neurotoxic proteins and an upregulation of pathways associated with taurine and glutathione metabolism, promoting neuronal stability and plasticity. These results suggest that lycopene exerts neuroprotective effects by restoring lipid balance and modulating amino acid signaling pathways, thereby alleviating cognitive decline in obese mice. This study highlights lycopene's potential as a functional dietary ingredient to combat obesity-related neurological disorders and provides novel insights into the development of food-based strategies to improve both metabolic health and cognitive function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 136-145"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}