Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Skeletal muscle density as a new predictor of abdominal infection in abdominal trauma patients","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Skeletal muscle density (SMD) is a valuable prognostic indicator in various conditions such as cancer, liver cirrhosis. Yet, the connection between SMD and intra-abdominal infection in individuals who have suffered abdominal injuries is still unclear. The purpose of this research is to examine how well SMD can predict intra-abdominal infection in patients who have suffered abdominal trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants with abdominal injuries were included in this research from January 2015 to April 2023. Based on the sex-specific cut off values of SMD, the entire population was split into two categories. Prognostic factors were identified through logistic regression analysis. ROC was used to assess the predictive accuracy of SMD and its combinations with other biomarkers for clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 220 patients were ultimately included in the study. Patients in the group with low SMD exhibited a higher incidence of intra-abdominal infection, longer hospital stays, and increased hospital costs. In patients with abdominal trauma, low SMD was identified as a significant independent predictor of intra-abdominal infection (OR 2.397; 95 % CI 1.117–5.141, p = 0.025). Low SMD had a higher area under the curve (AUC) in ROC analysis compared to TRF, NRS2002 score, and APACHEII score for predicting intra-abdominal infection (AUC 0.70, 95 % CI 0.61–0.78, p = 0.002). Moreover, low SMD showed associations with clinical outcomes such as hospital stay length and costs (p &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Low SMD is recognized as an independent risk factor for predicting intra-abdominal infections in this patient population. Notably, SMD is emerging as a novel predictor of abdominal infections in patients with abdominal trauma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of N-3 fatty acids supplementation on spondyloarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>The study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of n-3 fatty acids (FA) supplementation on spondyloarthritis (SpA) disease activity, inflammatory markers, and imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study protocol was developed and registered online in advance. The PubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) electronic databases were systematically searched for RCTs up to April 2024. Two independent reviewers screened, assessed for eligibility, and extracted data from the eligible RCTs. The revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of trials. The random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled estimates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included four RCTs, involving 245 patients with SpA. Supplementation with n-3 FA did not improve physician-reported outcomes [number of tender joints (four trials, standardized mean difference (SMD): −0.22; 95 % confidence interval (CI): −0.74 to 0.29; I² = 61 %), number of swollen joints (two trials, SMD: −0.13; 95 % CI: −0.42 to 0.15; I² = 0 %)], and patient-reported outcomes [pain (three trials, SMD: −0.16; 95 % CI: −1.03 to 0.70; I² = 74 %), Health Assessment Questionnaire (three trials, SMD: −0.04; 95 % CI: −0.78 to 0.70; I² = 71 %). The other nine pre-specified outcomes were not analyzed due to lack of information from the original RCTs which were evaluated as «<em>some concerns</em>» or «<em>high risk</em>» of bias.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the present systematic review and meta-analysis including placebo-controlled RCTs, n-3 FA supplementation did not show improvement in the reported outcomes. Future RCTs should be conducted with homogenous intervention, placebo, and outcomes to re-examine possible beneficial effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of body mass index-adjusted calf circumference as a proxy for low muscle mass in the global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Reduced muscle mass is one of the diagnostic components for Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM), with various assessment methods proposed. Calf circumference (CC), a representative anthropometric marker of skeletal muscle mass, is now recommended to adjustment based on body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to evaluate the validity and efficacy of BMI-adjusted CC in very older adults, compared with other methods of assessing muscle mass.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cohort study included 284 patients aged 65 years and older who were admitted to the Department of Geriatric Medicine at the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Hospital. Health indicators, including nutritional status, were assessed upon admission. Three months after discharge, a telephone survey was conducted to assess patients’ living conditions and survival status. Skeletal muscle mass was estimated using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); moreover, anthropometric measurements (unadjusted and BMI-adjusted CC) were used as markers of muscle mass. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between mortality and GLIM-based malnutrition, using each muscle mass assessment method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the patients was 86.2 ± 6.2 years, and 60.9 % were women. The prevalence of GLIM-based malnutrition ranged from 55.3 % to 58.8 % across the three methods used to assess reduced muscle mass. Three months after discharge, 244 patients were followed up, of whom 29 (11.9 %) died. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities, showed that all methods significantly predicted 3-month mortality, with odds ratios of 5.67, 5.44, and 4.90 for unadjusted CC, BMI-adjusted CC, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index using DXA, respectively. The prevalence and survival-predictive ability were similar across all methods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>GLIM-based malnutrition, diagnosed using different methods for assessing muscle mass, similarly predicted 3-month mortality in patients admitted to an acute geriatric ward. These results suggest that BMI-adjusted CC are sufficient alternatives when technical measurements such as DXA are not feasible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply–Letter to the editor–The prevalence and effects of sarcopenia in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply–Letter to the Editor “Rethinking diet and cognitive health: Toward comprehensive methodological improvements”","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor - “Western diet-induced cognitive and metabolic dysfunctions in aged mice are prevented by rosmarinic acid in a sex-dependent fashion\"","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the complex interplay between gut microbiota and polycystic ovary syndrome: A narrative review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aim</h3><div>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects women throughout their reproductive age and characterised via polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and irregular menstruation. There is rising evidence that the pathophysiology of PCOS is significantly affected via the gut microbiota and its metabolic products.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This narrative review synthesizes current literature exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and PCOS. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Further this review also analysed therapeutic options of probiotics, prebiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT), high fiber and poly phenol rich diet and novel therapeutic agents in treatment of PCOS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Emerging evidence suggests alterations in the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in women with PCOS. The current literature showed a complex relationship of gut microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) metabolism, intestinal permeability and LPS (Lipid Polysaccharide) metabolism, gut-brain axis and bile acid (BA) pathway within etiology and pathophysiology of PCOS. Additionally, the factors such as diet, lifestyle, genetics, and environmental influences may all contribute to alterations in gut microbiota that could potentially exacerbate or mitigate PCOS symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The review provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between the gut and female reproductive health. The present evidence suggested that alterations in diversity and function of the gut microbiota may lead to specific pathogenic changes that lead to development of PCOS. A comprehensive understanding of these microbial dynamics may lead to new therapeutic approaches that target the gut micro biome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor–“Muscle matters: Prognostic implications of malnutrition and muscle health parameters in patients with cancer. A secondary analysis of a randomised trial”","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply–Letter to the editor: The effect of time-restricted eating and low-carbohydrate diet on psychosocial health and appetite in individuals with metabolic syndrome","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Effects of time-restricted eating and low-carbohydrate diet on psychosocial health and appetite in individuals with metabolic syndrome: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial”","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}