Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Improving standards of letters to the editor.","authors":"Carla M Prado, Dileep N Lobo, Nicolaas E P Deutz","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"102-103"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renin-independent aldosteronism and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cirrhosis: A genetic association study.","authors":"Qinglian Zeng, Xiaolin Luo, Xiangjun Chen, Wenjin Luo, Ruolin Li, Shumin Yang, Jun Yang, Xiaoyu Shu, Qifu Li, Jinbo Hu, Linqiang Ma, Christos S Mantzoros","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Renin-independent aldosteronism (RIA) refers to a spectrum of autonomous aldosterone hypersecretion. We aimed to explore the genetical relationship between RIA and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and cirrhosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 125357 participants from the cohort of United Kingdom Biobank. We calculated a polygenic risk score (PRS) for RIA on the basis of reported data from genome-wide association studies, and performed an analysis of Phenome Wide Association Studies (PheWAS) on diverse outcomes. We explored the genetical relationship between RIA and MASLD or cirrhosis by using Mendelian randomization analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An increased RIA PRS was associated with higher risks of MASLD and MASLD related cirrhosis, and the well-defined RIA related target organ damages such as hypertension or kidney diseases was also significant in the PheWAS analysis. When compared to individuals with low RIA PRS (tertile 1, 0.41-9.89), those with high RIA PRS (tertile 3, 13.58-23.16) showed significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of MASLD (OR 1.28, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49) and cirrhosis (OR 1.49, 95%CI 1.03-2.16). In analyses of two-sample Mendelian randomization, genetically predicted RIA significantly correlated with elevated risks of MASLD and cirrhosis (inverse variance weighted odds ratio [95 % CI]: 1.05 [1.01-1.09]) for MASLD, 1.08 [1.02-1.13] for cirrhosis), meanwhile we observed no significant directional pleiotropy or heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Renin-independent aldosteronism is genetically associated with higher risks of MASLD and cirrhosis. Targeted treatment of autonomous aldosterone secretion may alleviate MASLD progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"193-200"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the functional component in human milk and identification of the molecular mechanisms undergoing prematurity.","authors":"Rosaura Picáns-Leis, María E Vázquez-Mosquera, María Pereira-Hernández, Marta Vizoso-González, Laura López-Valverde, Sofía Barbosa-Gouveia, Olalla López-Suárez, Carolina López-Sanguos, Susana B Bravo, Miguel A García-González, María L Couce","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Human milk (HM) is the earliest form of extrauterine communication between mother and infant, that could promote early programming. The aim of this study is to look for specific biological processes, particularly those undergoing prematurity, modulated by proteins and miRNAs of HM that could be implicated in growth and development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective, observational, single center study in which we collected 48 human milk (HM) samples at two distinct stages of lactation: colostrum (first 72-96 h) and mature milk (at week 4 post-delivery) from mothers of very preterm newborns (<32 weeks) and term (≥37 and < 42 weeks). Qualitative and quantitative proteomic and transcriptomic analysis was done in our samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We performed isolation and characterization of HM extracellular vesicles (EVs) to carry out proteomic and transcriptomic analysis in colostrum (CM) and mature milk (MM). Proteomic analysis revealed a functional role of CM in immunological protection and MM in metabolic processes. TENA, TSP1 and OLF4, proteins with roles in immune response and inflammatory modulation, were upregulated in CM vs MM, particularly in preterm. HM modulation differed depending on gestational age (GA). The miRNAs identified in HM are implicated in structural functions, including growth and neurological development. miRNA-451a was differentially expressed between groups, and downregulated in preterm CM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Because the particularities of each GA are reflected in the EVs content of HM, providing newborns with HM from their own mother is the optimal way for satisfying their specific needs. Although the role of the proteomic profile of CM and MM of different GA in relation to neurodevelopment has been previously described, this is the first study to show a complete functional characterization of HM (proteome, miRNA at the same time), unmasking the molecular mechanisms related to EVs signaling and their functional role in preterm.</p>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"178-192"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Effectiveness of whey protein supplementation on muscle strength and physical performance of older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.","authors":"Wensi Ouyang, Guimei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"132-133"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of whey protein supplementation on indices of cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Konstantinos Prokopidis, Paul T Morgan, Nicola Veronese, Jordi Morwani-Mangnani, Konstantinos K Triantafyllidis, Konstantinos S Kechagias, Justin Roberts, Christopher Hurst, Emma Stevenson, Dimitris Vlachopoulos, Oliver C Witard","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The increasing prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases highlights the urgent need for practical interventions to mitigate their associated public health burden. Whey protein supplementation has emerged as a potential intervention for improving markers of cardiometabolic health. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of whey protein ingestion on cardiometabolic profile in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from inception until June 2024. Eligible RCTs compared the effect of whey protein supplementation compared to placebo or a carbohydrate-based control on markers of cardiometabolic health. Using the random effects inverse-variance model, we estimated the mean difference (MD) in blood pressure, high- and low-density lipoproteins (HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This meta-analysis included 21 RCTs. Whey protein supplementation had no effect on HDL-cholesterol concentration but did elicit a reduction in LDL-cholesterol in individuals aged <50 years (P < 0.01) and when combined with exercise (MD: -5.38, 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI): -8.87 to -1.88, I² = 0 %, P < 0.01). Total cholesterol was reduced with interventions that combined whey protein supplementation and exercise (MD: -8.58, -14.32 to -2.83, I² = 55 %, P < 0.01), irrespective of age, protein dose, and body mass index ≥25 kg/m² (MD: -6.71, 95 % CI: -11.60 to -1.83, I² = 74 %, P < 0.01). Whey protein supplementation of ≥12 weeks was associated with reduced triglyceride levels (MD: -6.61, 95 % CI: -11.06 to -2.17, I² = 70 %, P < 0.01). There was no clinically relevant effect of whey protein supplementation on blood pressure and HOMA-IR, however, changes pertinent to HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglyceride reduction were primarily displayed in healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Whey protein supplementation may be an effective intervention for reducing LDL and total cholesterol levels, particularly in healthy, overweight/obese adults aged <50 years, with the greatest benefits observed when combined with exercise. Healthy adults also showed a benefit regarding triglyceride levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"109-121"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing metabolic and inflammatory status in insulin-resistant rats: Acute intervention with cocoa flavanols and submaximal aerobic exercise activates intracellular signaling pathways for glucose metabolism.","authors":"B P Melo, A C Zacarias, J C C Oliveira, L M de Souza Cordeiro, N A C Horta, M O Poletini, C Tonoli, M L Dos Santos, S P Wanner, R Meeusen, E Heyman, G F Avelar, D D Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes, characterized by hyperglycemia, is closely linked to obesity and low-grade inflammation. Acute cocoa flavanols (CF) intake has demonstrated benefits in vasoreactivity, cognitive functions, and antioxidant enzyme activity. However, the physiological mechanisms of CF concerning glucose uptake, inflammatory mediators, and their interplay with aerobic exercise remain unclear in populations with metabolic diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the acute effects of CF, alone or combined with acute aerobic exercise on mechanisms involved in glucose uptake and inflammatory mediators in the liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, and adipose tissue in insulin-resistant (IR) rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-four Wistar rats (250 ± 10g; 15 weeks age) were subjected to a regular chow (CON) or an obesity-associated insulin-resistant (IR) state induced by a high-fat diet and fructose-rich beverage for 30 days. Seventy-two hours after an incremental maximal treadmill running test, rats received a placebo solution or CF supplementation (45 mg·kg^-1 of body weight). One hour later, they either rested or ran on a treadmill at 60 % of peak oxygen uptake (VO_2peak) for 30 min. Euthanasia occurred 30 min post-experimental sessions. Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were assayed using ELISA in the liver, pancreas, gastrocnemius muscle, and epididymal adipose tissues. TRB3 and CPT1 mRNA were assessed by q-RTPCR in the liver and gastrocnemius muscle while Akt and AMPK phosphorylation were examined by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CF attenuated hyperglycemia observed after submaximal aerobic exercise in IR rats (p < 0.001). In the liver, CF exhibited additive effects to aerobic exercise, enhancing Akt protein phosphorylation, potentially contributing to improved glucose uptake in IR rats. Submaximal aerobic exercise and CF increased AMPK protein phosphorylation in the liver (p < 0.001) and skeletal muscle (p < 0.001), reduced TRB3 gene expression (p < 0.01), elevated CPT-1a gene expression (p < 0.001), and ameliorated the inflammatory milieu in the pancreas, adipose tissue, liver, and gastrocnemius muscle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute intake, of CF combined with submaximal aerobic exercise activates key proteins and genes involved in glucose uptake and lipid metabolism, improving the inflammatory milieu. This synergistic effect may contribute to mitigating metabolic complications associated with insulin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"166-177"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor-Dairy consumption and risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in the Fenland study.","authors":"Kun Zhao, Zhenliang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"125-126"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional interventions in randomised clinical trials for people with incurable solid cancer: A systematic review.","authors":"Amy Mcluskie, Megan Bowers, Jo Bayly, Michael S Yule, Matthew Maddocks, Marie Fallon, Richard Je Skipworth, Barry J A Laird","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background & aims: &lt;/strong&gt;Malnutrition is highly prevalent in those with cancer and more so in those with incurable cancer. In incurable cancer, it is widely agreed that optimal nutritional care has the potential to positively impact patient and caregiver distress and oncological outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the diversity and frequency of nutritional interventions, whether given in isolation or as part of a multimodal intervention in those with incurable cancer, in randomised controlled trials. The secondary aims were to describe adherence and their efficacy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The following databases were searched electronically: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE), Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) with the time frame from January 2000 to 7th September 2023. Eligible studies included adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with incurable solid cancer with a sample size ≥40. Studies were to be primary research and delivered for at least 14 days to allow for efficacy. They were to include a nutritional intervention encompassing at least one of the following: dietary counselling, oral nutritional supplements (ONS), enteral tube feeding and/or parenteral nutrition (PN), given in isolation or as part of a multi-modal intervention. Studies were excluded if the population contained patients who had completed curative treatment or are being treated with curative intent, haematological cancers, or if they examined the effects of micronutrients, proteins, amino acids or fatty acids given in isolation. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2). A balloon plot was produced to present the results in addition to a table with a narrative summary of the primary outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 7968 studies were identified, of which 18 met the eligibility criteria. This included 2720 study participants. The included studies comprised: multimodal interventions (n = 7), dietary counselling (n = 2), nutritional supplementation with or without dietary counselling (n = 7) and PN (n = 2). Primary outcomes included quality of life (QoL), body composition and nutritional status. For QoL, this was reported in 15 studies, 4 studies showed a significant improvement. Body composition was evaluated in 15 studies, 5 of which showed a significant improvement in body weight and two in fat-free mass (FFM). Nutritional status was reported in 6 studies with one showing a significant difference in Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score. The risk of bias was deemed 'low' in 6 studies, with 'some concerns' in 10 stud","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"201-219"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor - Untargeted metabolomics and mendelian randomization analysis identify alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as novel biomarkers of perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction.","authors":"Zihao Zhang, Yiyang Luo, Yiming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"124"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor-\"High-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and risk of muscle strength decline and sarcopenia in older adults\".","authors":"Qiang Sun, Zhiqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"44 ","pages":"127-128"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}