Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Oral ferrous sulphate supplementation has greater efficacy, but lower tolerance than iron (III)-hydroxide polymaltose complexes in exercising women with low iron stores","authors":"Alannah KA. McKay ,&nbsp;Sophie Broome ,&nbsp;Nicolin Tee ,&nbsp;Kin Lui Yim ,&nbsp;Marc Sim ,&nbsp;Peter Peeling ,&nbsp;Louise M. Burke","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Iron deficiency (ID) is a global health condition that predominately affects women. Although oral iron supplementation is an effective treatment strategy for this issue, gastrointestinal complaints are common, and if persistent, may lead to poor compliance. The efficacy of different iron formulations which claim to improve tolerance is unclear. This study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of ferrous sulphate (FS) and iron (III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex (IPC) supplementation in three different cohorts of women..</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study implemented a 12-week, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants had a serum ferritin concentration of &lt;50 μg/L and met specific inclusion criteria to be enrolled to either the athlete, pre-menopausal or post-menopausal groups. Participants were randomized to receive FS (equivalent to 105 mg elemental iron) plus sodium ascorbate or IPC (equivalent to 100 mg elemental iron) daily. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, 4-, 8- and 12-weeks of supplementation. A daily questionnaire was completed throughout the study period, documenting supplement tolerance (number and severity of symptoms), exercise load, menstrual characteristics, and supplement compliance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-seven participants completed the intervention with a compliance rate of 94.9 % [range: 74.8–100 %]. A significant interaction between supplement and time was evident for ferritin (p &lt; 0.001), where FS increased after 12 weeks (+109 %; p &lt; 0.001) but no change was evident in IPC (+7 %; p = 0.727). No differences were detected between cohorts (p &gt; 0.05). The IPC group had a lower symptom rate compared to FS (28 % vs. 33 %; p &lt; 0.001)..</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>FS was superior in repleting ferritin concentrations after 12 weeks compared with IPC; however, FS also resulted in a greater number and severity of GI symptoms than IPC. Our data shows FS is the superior iron formulation for ID treatment, however future research should continue to address how to improve FS tolerance.. This trial was registered at <span><span>https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as ACTRN12623000529640.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106594"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146206485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and validation of kineanthropometric measurement protocols in adult population with cerebral palsy","authors":"David Expósito ,&nbsp;José Miguel Soriano ,&nbsp;Carla Soler","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) face a high risk of malnutrition, yet most nutritional assessment methods have been developed for children. Despite the known anatomical and functional heterogeneity in adults with CP, there is a lack of validated, adapted tools for this population. This study aims to design and validate a specific anthropometric method for assessing the nutritional status of adults with CP, addressing this critical gap in clinical and research practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study consisted of two phases. First, anthropometric measurements were performed on 47 adults with CP to identify practical challenges and design an adapted protocol. In the second phase, this protocol was applied to 74 healthy adults trained to simulate the postural limitations commonly observed in individuals with CP (e.g., asymmetries, spasticity-related contractures), based on direct observation in the CP group. Measurements obtained with the adapted method were statistically compared to those obtained using the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) reference protocol.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The adapted protocol accounts for the anatomical and functional challenges of individuals with CP by allowing measurements to be performed in a supine position or with limbs flexed or extended, as necessary. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the adapted protocol and the ISAK reference method for any of the anthropometric measurements. These results confirm that the modified approach yields accurate and reliable assessments of nutritional status in adults with CP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The anatomical and functional limitations of adults with CP present significant challenges to traditional ISAK methodology. However, the adapted protocol, performed in a supine position by trained anthropometrists, produces comparable results. Key indicators such as Arm Muscle Area, Arm Adipose Area, and the Adipose-Muscular Index can reliably assess the nutritional status of this population, offering a viable alternative for clinical and research applications..</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106572"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146178130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and immune-regulating effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri LR08: Preclinical and clinical evidence from a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Mei Han ,&nbsp;Fei Xu ,&nbsp;Yao Dong ,&nbsp;Jianguo Zhu ,&nbsp;Shuguang Fang ,&nbsp;Liming Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>This study aimed to systematically evaluate the genomic safety of <em>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</em> LR08 and to assess its effects on metabolic health, immune function, and gut microbiota composition in healthy adults..</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were conducted to assess the presence of genes related to pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance, and biogenic amine synthesis. In vitro assays and animal studies evaluated hemolytic activity, cytotoxicity, and overall biosafety. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed in 48 healthy adults, who received either LR08 (30 billion CFU/day) or placebo for 8 weeks. Clinical, biochemical, and immune parameters were measured, and 16S rRNA sequencing was used to assess gut microbiota changes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Genomic analysis confirmed the absence of pathogenicity-related, antibiotic resistance, or biogenic amine synthesis genes. In vitro and animal tests demonstrated non-hemolytic, non-cytotoxic characteristics and overall safety. Clinically, LR08 significantly reduced serum uric acid (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and LDL-C levels (<em>p</em> = 0.007) compared with baseline. Compared with placebo, LR08 supplementation significantly increased salivary IgA (<em>p</em> = 0.039), IgM (<em>p</em> = 0.029), and calprotectin levels (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Gut microbiota analysis revealed increased α-diversity, enrichment of beneficial genera including <em>Blautia</em> and <em>Romboutsia</em>, and upregulation of pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism and genetic information processing..</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>L. reuteri</em> LR08 demonstrates robust genomic safety and favorable effects on metabolic, immune, and gut microbiota profiles in healthy adults. These findings support its potential application as a safe probiotic for metabolic regulation, immune enhancement, and microbiota modulation..</div></div><div><h3>Trial Registration Number</h3><div>NCT06875362 (<span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106582"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A holistic perspective on malnutrition in older adults: Towards an integrated clinical nutrition research guiding framework","authors":"Carliene van Dronkelaar ,&nbsp;Maarten R. Soeters ,&nbsp;Philipp Schuetz ,&nbsp;Carla M. Prado ,&nbsp;Nicole Kiss ,&nbsp;Michael Tieland ,&nbsp;Hinke Kruizenga","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malnutrition is a multifactorial and complex condition with significant consequences for recovery, functional outcomes, and healthcare systems. Research in malnutrition is often limited by single-component interventions, heterogeneous study designs, and variable outcome measures. This perspective paper introduces a practical guiding framework for clinical nutrition research, emphasizing interdisciplinary, multifactorial approaches, co-designed interventions, and pragmatic, adaptive study designs. Evidence from several trials demonstrates that individualized nutritional support delivered by multidisciplinary teams improves clinical outcomes, yet challenges remain in recruitment, adherence, and balancing intervention intensity with patient burden. The framework provides a structured approach to intervention development, outcome selection, and implementation, while remaining flexible to accommodate innovation, context-specific adaptation, and emerging outcome measures. By integrating lessons from prior trials, globally, and promoting systematic reporting and feasibility assessment, this framework aims to enhance the design, comparability, and translational impact of future research in clinical nutrition in older and other clinically vulnerable populations. Adoption of such a framework can guide research prioritization, optimize intervention delivery, and ultimately improve patient recovery and quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106583"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional interventions and outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Marina Santschi ,&nbsp;Karthik Kumar Balasubramanian ,&nbsp;Jessie Cunningham ,&nbsp;Nicole K. McKinnon ,&nbsp;Haifa Mtaweh","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Children suffering from severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) often experience disrupted metabolism, leading to variations in energy expenditure, catabolism, and lipolysis that can negatively impact recovery. We aimed to describe the relationship between nutritional interventions and outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) in children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science was conducted up to March 2025. Studies included children older than one month with sTBI and assessed nutritional interventions. Three reviewers screened titles and abstracts, and two performed full-text assessments and data extraction. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool. Primary outcome was neurologic or functional outcome. Secondary outcomes included mortality, length of stay, and nutrition-related measures. When possible, meta-analyses were performed using a random effects model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 3530 studies identified, 54 underwent full-text review and 5 retrospective cohort studies were included. Primary outcome was reported in three studies, with one reporting a significant association between timing of nutritional intervention and neurologic outcome and two not demonstrating an association. Delayed enteral nutrition (&gt;48 h) was associated with a combined OR for mortality of 2.50 (0.87–7.20, I² = 0 %). Unmet caloric intake yielded an OR for mortality of 0.94 (0.18–4.95, I² = 0 %). Study risk of bias was significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Given the existing uncertainty and variability in practice, it is essential that nutrition strategies for children with sTBI be tailored to each patient's physiological needs. Continuous monitoring of the patient's nutritional status should be prioritized to ensure that interventions remain appropriate and effective throughout the course of treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106591"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of vitamin D supplementation on all-cause mortality: Randomized trials revisited","authors":"Youqing Wang ,&nbsp;Sha Sha ,&nbsp;Tafirenyika Gwenzi ,&nbsp;Ben Schöttker ,&nbsp;Hermann Brenner","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are common worldwide and linked to adverse health outcomes, including higher all-cause mortality. Two large randomized controlled trials (VITAL and D-Health), conducted in mostly vitamin D–sufficient populations, found no mortality benefits of vitamin D supplementation. This study aims to estimate the expected effects of vitamin D supplementation in target populations with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency..</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We emulated the VITAL and D-Health trials using data from the UK Biobank cohort to estimate expected effects of the observed increases in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) concentrations by 30 nmol/L and 38 nmol/L. In alternative analyses, study populations meeting the trial inclusion criteria (n = 237,502 and 185,809) were either weighted to yield distributions of 25(OH)D as observed in the trials, or restricted to people with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Expected effects on all-cause mortality over the mean trial follow up times (5.3 and 5.7 years) were estimated using Cox models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Emulated trials with study populations weighted to the 25(OH)D distributions of the original trials yielded null results similar to those reported (hazard ratios [HR] 0.97 [95 % CI: 0.92–1.02] and 1.02 [95%CI: 0.97–1.07]). In contrast, major mortality reduction was expected in emulated trials that were restricted to people with vitamin insufficiency (HR 0.85 [95%CI: 0.79–0.91] and 0.81 [95%CI: 0.76–0.86]) or deficiency (HR 0.79 [95%CI: 0.72–0.87] and 0.75 [95%CI: 0.69–0.81])..</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Null effects of vitamin D supplementation were to be expected in trials conducted in vitamin D sufficient populations. Emulated trials suggest a potential for major mortality reduction in vitamin D insufficient and deficient populations..</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106597"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of an antioxidant-rich diet and lifestyle factors on gut microbiota diversity and brain health: An exploratory analysis from the NutBrain study","authors":"Federica Prinelli ,&nbsp;Alfonso Mastropietro ,&nbsp;Sara Bernini ,&nbsp;Tania Camboni ,&nbsp;Clarissa Consolandi ,&nbsp;Silvia Conti ,&nbsp;Alfredo Costa ,&nbsp;Matteo Cotta Ramusino ,&nbsp;Nithiya Jesuthasan ,&nbsp;Orietta Pansarasa ,&nbsp;Elena Perdixi ,&nbsp;Anna Pichiecchio ,&nbsp;Giovanna Rizzo ,&nbsp;Eveljn Scarian ,&nbsp;Marco Severgnini ,&nbsp;the NutBrain Study Working Group","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Healthy diet and lifestyle have been linked to improved gut microbiota diversity and neurocognitive outcomes. However, few human studies have simultaneously examined an antioxidant-rich diet (ARD) in combination with other lifestyle factors and their effects on gut microbiota diversity, brain morphometry, and cognitive function. Our aim was to investigate how the dietary antioxidant capacity and a healthy lifestyle profile influence gut microbiota diversity and composition, brain morphometry, and global cognitive function in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a cross-sectional analysis of the NutBrain study (2019–2023), a cohort of 246 dementia-free individuals aged ≥65 years, completed a 3-day food diary to estimate the total dietary antioxidant capacity (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity - ORAC). Global cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Gut microbiota α- and β-diversities and taxa abundances were derived by 16S rRNA amplicon-based sequencing of stool samples. Brain morphometry - including total brain, white matter, grey matter, and ventricular cerebrospinal fluid volumes - was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple linear regression models, accounting for many potential confounders (i.e.: socio-demographics, use of drugs, energy intake, inflammatory and anthropometric markers, and APOE genotyping) examined how ORAC, both alone and combined with smoking and physical activity (devising a healthy lifestyle score, Hscore), affected microbiota diversity, MMSE scores, and brain volumes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher ORAC adherence was associated with greater gut microbiota diversity (p ≤ 0.05). Several taxa, such as <em>Barnesiella</em>, <em>Coprococcus</em>, <em>Ruminococcus</em>, <em>Parabacteroides</em>, <em>Lachnospiraceae</em> NK4A136 group, and <em>Clostridia</em> UCG-014 group exhibited increased abundances within the highest ORAC and Hscore tertiles, as compared to the lowest ones. The highest tertile of total ORAC was also positively and significantly associated with greater total brain, white matter, and grey matter volumes (p ≤ 0.05). These associations were stronger in participants classified as having a favourable lifestyle profile (regular physical activity, non-smokers), with notable correlations observed for total brain volume, gut α-diversity, white matter volume and MMSE (p ≤ 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ARD is associated with increased gut microbiota diversity and enrichment of specific taxa, better cognitive function and brain morphometry outcomes. These associations were stronger in individuals with a healthy lifestyle profile.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Trial Registry number and website where it was obtained</h3><div>NCT04461951, <span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106585"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146156299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary flavonoid intake and psychological well-being – A bidirectional relationship","authors":"Alysha S. Thompson ,&nbsp;Nicola P. Bondonno ,&nbsp;Yan Lydia Liu ,&nbsp;Farah Qureshi ,&nbsp;Laura D. Kubzansky ,&nbsp;Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald ,&nbsp;Julia K. Boehm ,&nbsp;Eric B. Rimm ,&nbsp;Aedín Cassidy","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Higher dietary flavonoid intake has been associated with lower risks of mortality and major chronic disease, yet its relationship with psychological well-being (PWB), a key contributor to health and quality of life, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate bidirectional associations between dietary flavonoid intake and two PWB facets: happiness (positive emotional state) and optimism (generalized expectation of positive outcomes). Specifically, we examined whether (1) overall flavonoid-rich dietary patterns (flavodiet score), (2) intake of specific flavonoid-rich foods, and (3) total flavonoid and subclass intakes were each associated with happiness and optimism over time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were drawn from the Nurses’ Health Study to form two analytical samples. Flavonoid intake measured in 1990 (n = 44,659) was examined in relation to sustained happiness (1992–2000) while intake in 2002 (n = 36,723) was analysed in relation to sustained optimism (2004–2012). Secondary analyses assessed whether higher baseline levels of each PWB facet were associated with sustained higher flavonoid intake, over up to 18 years. Associations were assessed using generalized estimating equations, adjusting for potential confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher flavodiet scores were associated with a 3–6 % higher likelihood of sustained happiness [RR_Q4vsQ1 (95 % CI): 1.03 (1.02–1.05)] and optimism [RR_Q4vsQ1 (95 % CI): 1.06 (1.01–1.11)]. Specific flavonoid-rich foods (strawberries, apples, oranges, grapefruit, blueberries) were associated with a 3–16 % greater likelihood of sustained PWB, across the two facets. Similarly, total flavonoid and subclass intakes were associated with a 2–18 % greater likelihood of sustained PWB. Women with higher baseline levels of happiness or optimism were also more likely to sustain a higher flavonoid intake.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Consuming ∼3 servings/day of flavonoid-rich foods is associated with sustained PWB, and higher baseline PWB is associated with sustained higher flavonoid intake over up to 18 years. This bidirectional relationship suggests that integrated interventions targeting both diet and well-being may help promote long-term health and reduce chronic disease risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106579"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bariatric surgery improves fibrinolysis in individuals with obesity with and without concomitant type 2 diabetes","authors":"Maja Andersson ,&nbsp;Anders Thorell ,&nbsp;Peter Henriksson ,&nbsp;Anders Kallner ,&nbsp;Håkan Wallén ,&nbsp;Tomas L. Lindahl ,&nbsp;Anna Ågren","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Hypofibrinolysis is prevalent in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and may be involved in their pathophysiology. Metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) markedly improves both obesity and T2D, but whether these improvements are related to fibrinolysis is not known. In this study, biomarkers of fibrinolysis were assessed before and after MBS in patients with and without T2D.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A single center prospective cohort study with 2-year follow-up. The participants were adults with obesity with (n = 28) or without T2D (n = 33) undergoing MBS preceded by 2 weeks of a low-calorie diet (LCD). The plasma concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity (PAI-1_act), tissue plasminogen activator <em>activity</em> (tPA_act) and <em>antigen</em> (tPA_ag), plasmin-antiplasmin complexes (PAP) and fibrinogen were determined at baseline, after LCD and at 6 weeks, 1 and 2 years after MBS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After LCD and prior to MBS, PAI-1_act decreased and PAP increased significantly. Two years after MBS, PAI-1_act decreased from baseline 29.8 (63) to 3.8 (121) while tPA_act increased (0.08 (390) to 0.23 (150) IU), and PAP increased (544 (54) to 814 (60) ng/mL). tPA_ag and fibrinogen decreased (16.4 (29) to 9.7 (51) ng/mL and 4.15 (23) to 3.82 (20) g/L, respectively); p &lt; 0.001 for all; (geometric means, except tPA_act which is arithmetic mean, coefficient of variation (%CV)). There were no differences in fibrinolysis between groups at baseline or after surgery. Multivariate analysis showed that reduction in body weight and fat mass had the most important influence on fibrinolysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fibrinolysis is significantly improved two years after MBS, as also indicated earlier after the two-week LCD. The lack of differences between patients with vs. without T2D suggests that fat mass reduction rather than improvement of glucose control is most important for improved fibrinolysis after MBS. In summary, our results support hypofibrinolysis as a mechanism in the pathophysiology in obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106584"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146104144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums” [Clin Nutr 41 (2022) 937–947]","authors":"Saurabh Mehta ,&nbsp;Samantha L. Huey ,&nbsp;Padmini S. Ghugre ,&nbsp;Ramesh D. Potdar ,&nbsp;Sudha Venkatramanan ,&nbsp;Jesse T. Krisher ,&nbsp;Caleb J. Ruth ,&nbsp;Harsha V. Chopra ,&nbsp;Aparna Thorat ,&nbsp;Varsha Thakker ,&nbsp;Lynn Johnson ,&nbsp;Laura Powis ,&nbsp;Yadurshini Raveendran ,&nbsp;Jere D. Haas ,&nbsp;Julia L. Finkelstein ,&nbsp;Shobha A. Udipi ,&nbsp;Project Sabal","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier policy on article withdrawal (<span><span>https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies-and-standards/article-withdrawal</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). This article is retracted at the request of the authors. During post-publication data re-analyses, the authors found four additional hemoglobin datapoints at the endpoint of the trial reported in the above-named article that move the p-value for the primary outcome - the impact of intervention on the change in hemoglobin concentrations across the duration of the trial - from 0.053 to 0.044. Furthermore, the WHO has recently released a revised set of cutoffs for anemia [WHO 2024], and the anemia cutoff for the age group of interest in this article, 12–23 months, was lowered from a hemoglobin concentration of 11 g/dL to 10.5 g/dL. As such, the authors wish to report these revised estimates of anemia based on the revised WHO cutoffs to keep the findings as updated as possible and useful for guidelines. The Editors considered this request and agreed to the retraction of the article. The authors were invited to submit a revised version of the article, which has been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication in the journal. This retraction notice will be updated with a link to the revised paper when it is published.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106578"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}