Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Assessing sarcopenia: The JOHAS (Judgment of Objective Hyper-steatosis and Atrophy in Sarcopenia) index as a pragmatic surrogate for skeletal muscle index by bioimpedance analysis","authors":"Yuzo Yamamoto,&nbsp;Kyosuke Agawa,&nbsp;Masahide Awazu,&nbsp;Noriko Omura,&nbsp;Shunji Nakayama,&nbsp;Hiromi Maeda","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>The aim of this study was to develop a new, less cumbersome index for determining sarcopenia using axial slice images from computed tomography (CT) as a surrogate for the skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We devised the JOHAS index (<strong>J</strong>udgment of <strong>O</strong>bjective <strong>H</strong>yper-steatosis and <strong>A</strong>trophy in <strong>S</strong>arcopenia), calculated from the measurements of the iliopsoas and erector spinae muscles in the axial CT slices at the L4 lumbar vertebral level. The JOHAS index is defined as: JOHAS index = ∑ [(cross-sectional area of each muscle [cm²]/patient height [cm]) × (CT number + 108)], where ∑ is defined as the sum of the values in the bracket for iliopsoas and erector spinae muscles on both sides, and 108 is the adjustment factor. The accuracy of the JOHAS index for identifying sarcopenia, as determined by BIA, was examined using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis on a sample of 639 patients (331 men and 308 women).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The JOHAS index was able to discriminate sarcopenia with an area under the curve (AUC) of around 0.88 in men and 0.75 in women. The JOHAS index outperformed commonly used indices such as the psoas muscle index, erector spinae muscle index, intramuscular adipose tissue content, prognostic nutritional index, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The JOHAS index is a promising, pragmatic surrogate for SMI measured by BIA. The recommendable cut-off values are 43 (sensitivity 0.7722, specificity 0.8362) for men and 32 (sensitivity 0.6377, specificity 0.7423) for women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 169-176"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional intake as a determinant of high-speed resistance and multicomponent training efficacy on strength in older women at risk of sarcopenia. A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Luis Polo-Ferrero ,&nbsp;Jose I. Recio-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Susana González-Manzano ,&nbsp;Javier Martín-Vallejo ,&nbsp;Fausto J. Barbero-Iglesias ,&nbsp;Beatriz Montero-Errasquín ,&nbsp;Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft ,&nbsp;Roberto Méndez-Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Despite advances in research on training and nutritional supplementation, it is largely unknown how micronutrient intake modulates the response to training in older adults. This study investigates the relationship between nutrient intake and response to training in older women at risk of sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups (high-speed resistance training (H-RT) and multicomponent training (MT)) was conducted over a 32-week intervention involving 80 older women at risk of sarcopenia (mean age: 77.36 ± 6.71 years). A food frequency questionnaire was administered to assess whether nutrient intake influenced strength outcomes measured by the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (5STS) and other functional variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant improvements in the five times sit to stand test (5STS) were observed in both groups post-intervention (p &lt; 0.001), with no significant differences between them (p = 0.127), suggesting comparable effectiveness. In both groups, lower levels of vitamin B12 (H-RT: r_p = −0.52; MT: r_p = −0.50) and vitamin D (H-RT: r_p = −0.55; MT: r_p = −0.69) were associated with worse 5STS performance. Additionally, in the H-RT group, lower levels of vitamin E (r_p = −0.36), magnesium (r_p = −0.48), iron (r_p = −0.43), and potassium (r_p = −0.47) were also correlated with poorer performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results indicate that improvements in strength are related to micronutrient sufficiency rather than macronutrient sufficiency. Deficiencies in vitamin D and B12 negatively impacted muscle strength gains in both H-RT and MT, while vitamin E, potassium, magnesium, and iron influenced H-RT outcomes. The lesser effect of micronutrient deficiencies on MT suggests it may be more suitable for individuals with mild deficiencies, as it requires fewer specific nutrients for muscle strength.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>The study is registered at <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> under the identifier NCT05870046.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dietary inflammatory potential and its role in the risk and progression of inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review","authors":"Olivia Mariella Anneberg ,&nbsp;Ida Sofie Bjerregård Petersen ,&nbsp;Tine Jess ,&nbsp;Maiara Brusco De Freitas ,&nbsp;Mahsa Jalili","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Inflammation is central in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. Because of diet's pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, multiple observational studies have explored the link between the dietary inflammatory potential and IBD-related outcomes. We aimed to systematically review the literature and provide a comprehensive overview of the dietary inflammatory potential and its association with the development and progression of IBD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Literature was searched systematically on the 2nd of May 2024 in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify the observational studies that explored the link between the dietary inflammatory potential and IBD-related outcomes. A higher dietary inflammatory potential was defined as the ability of a dietary pattern to promote inflammation in the body. Studies were included only if they quantified this using a dietary index, such as the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP). Two authors independently performed study selection and data extraction and assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen of the 165 identified records met the inclusion criteria. Seven investigated the risk of developing IBD, but with mixed results. Nine investigated the progression of IBD, which indicated that a higher dietary inflammatory potential contributed to higher disease activity and associated symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The evidence suggested that a higher dietary inflammatory potential worsens the condition of IBD patients, while the link with the risk of developing the disease was less clear. To elucidate this, high-quality intervention studies are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 146-156"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to Editor–Effects of high-fat, low-carbohydrate enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: A systematic review with meta-analysis","authors":"Qingfang Pan,&nbsp;Jingxin Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 50-51"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of preoperative cachexia in patients undergoing major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery for malignancy","authors":"Yuki Fugane ,&nbsp;Shinya Tanaka ,&nbsp;Yota Mizuno ,&nbsp;Hiroki Nakajima ,&nbsp;Hiromasa Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Takayuki Inoue ,&nbsp;Motoki Nagaya ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Nishida ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Onoe ,&nbsp;Junpei Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Takashi Mizuno ,&nbsp;Yukihiro Yokoyama ,&nbsp;Tomoki Ebata","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Data regarding the association between cachexia and clinical outcomes in hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) malignancies are limited. This retrospective study sought to investigate the prognostic significance of preoperative cachexia in patients undergoing major HPB surgery for malignancies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from patients, who underwent major open surgery for HPB malignancies between March 2014 and December 2018, were retrospectively reviewed. Cachexia was evaluated a few days before surgery, and defined according to modified Asian Working Group for Cachexia criteria: low body mass index (&lt;21 kg/m²) and decreased handgrip strength (&lt;28 kg [males] and &lt;18 kg [females]) or elevated C-reactive protein level (&gt;0.5 mg/dL). The primary endpoint was postoperative overall survival (OS); secondary endpoints included disease-free survival (DFS) and postoperative complications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 332 patients (228 male; mean age, 68.8 ± 10.3 years), 93 (28 %) had preoperative cachexia. There were 154 (46 %) deaths and 181 (55 %) combined events (death or recurrence) during a five-year follow-up (mean, 3.3 ± 1.7 years), with no significant differences in major postoperative complications between the 2 groups (P = 0.329). After adjusting for covariates, cachexia (n = 93) exhibited significant associations with shorter OS (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.65 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.18–2.30]; P = 0.004) and DFS (adjusted HR 1.39 [95 % CI 1.01–1.91; P = 0.043) compared with non-cachexia (n = 239). Cachexia significantly shortened OS only in a subset with pathological stage ≤ II disease (adjusted HR 2.45 [95 % CI 1.27–4.74]; P = 0.008) but not otherwise (P for interaction, 0.040).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Preoperative cachexia did not affect short-term surgical complications but significantly deteriorated postoperative prognosis in patients who underwent surgery for HPB malignancies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 112-118"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fasting-mimicking diet programme reduces liver fat and liver inflammation/fibrosis measured by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Elske L. van den Burg ,&nbsp;Marjolein P. Schoonakker ,&nbsp;Petra G. van Peet ,&nbsp;Saskia le Cessie ,&nbsp;Mattijs E. Numans ,&nbsp;Hanno Pijl ,&nbsp;Hildo J. Lamb","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>This study aimed to assess whether a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) programme as an adjunct to usual care can reduce liver fat and liver inflammation/fibrosis as measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in patients with type 2 diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyses secondary outcomes of the Fasting In diabetes Treatment (FIT) trial, which was a randomised, controlled, assessor-blinded trial in which people with type 2 diabetes using metformin only and/or diet alone for glycaemic control were randomised to receive 5-consecutive day cycles of FMD monthly as adjunct to usual care or usual care only for twelve months. Laboratory measurements, anthropometric measurements and MRI were performed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Two MRI-derived biomarkers were measured: proton density fat-fraction (PDFF), a biomarker for liver fat, and iron content corrected T1 (cT1), a biomarker for liver inflammation/fibrosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data were available of 89 participants who completed baseline visits including MRI (n = 48 in the FMD group and n = 41 in the control group). Intention-to-treat analyses, using linear mixed models, revealed significant adjusted estimated treatment effects of the FMD on PDFF (−2.8 %, 95 % CI -4.7 to −0.8, p &lt; 0.01) and cT1 (−29.9 ms, 95 % CI -51.8 to −8.0, p &lt; 0.01) at 12 months. In a post-hoc analysis, more participants in the FMD group compared to the control group transitioned from high to low risk for liver disease and cardiovascular disease based on PDFF ≥5.6 %. In the FMD and control group combined, every percent decrease in PDFF was associated with a decrease in HbA1c of 0.75 mmol/mol (95 % CI 0.51 to 0.99), fasting glucose of 0.14 mmol/L (95 % CI 0.08 to 0.20), triglycerides of 0.04 mmol/L (95 % CI 0.02 to 0.07), total cholesterol of 0.03 mmol/L (95 % CI 0.01 to 0.05) and weight of 0.52 kg (CI 0.33 to 0.70). Every millisecond decrease in cT1 was associated with a decrease in HbA1c of 0.05 mmol/mol (95 % CI 0.02 to 0.08), fasting glucose of 0.01 mmol/L (95 % CI 0.00 to 0.02) and weight of 0.04 kg (CI 0.01 to 0.06).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Following an FMD programme for 5-consecutive days per month for twelve months reduces both liver PDFF and cT1 MRI-derived biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes, indicating a reduction in liver fat and liver inflammation/fibrosis. Decreases in PDFF and cT1 are associated with decreases in HbA1c, fasting glucose, triglycerides and weight. Decrease in PDFF was also associated with a decrease in total cholesterol. Monthly cycles of an FMD appear to be a valuable adjunct to regular treatment of type 2 diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03811587.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 136-145"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of nutritional supplementation for children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: A systematic review and meta-analyses","authors":"Bruna C. Orsi ,&nbsp;Daniela Gorski ,&nbsp;Naila E. Krul ,&nbsp;Astrid Wiens ,&nbsp;Miguel Brito ,&nbsp;Fernanda S. Tonin ,&nbsp;Roberto Pontarolo","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Sickle cell disease (SCD), a neglected chronic genetic blood disorder that severely impacts the pediatric population, often leading to premature death, is associated with compromised nutritional status. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nutritional supplementation in SCD-related complications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review with searches in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was performed. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing diet or supplements as complementary therapy for children and adolescents with SCD were included (PROSPERO:CRD42024532369). The data for outcomes of interest (efficacy, safety) were pooled by means of pairwise and network meta-analyses with ranking (p-score) analysis. The results were presented as odds ratio or mean differences with 95 % confidence intervals (NMAstudio2.0).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty RCTs were included (2002–2023) (n = 2058), analyzing 9 dietary supplements on different regimens. All patients were in use of hydroxyurea as active treatment. Supplementation with fatty acids (n = 3 studies) and <span>l</span>-arginine (n = 4) presented higher efficacy and safety, significantly improving pain intensity, vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) and inflammation when compared to usual care/placebo (p &lt; 0.05). Vitamin D3 (n = 6) at different dosages may reduce respiratory complications and length of hospital stay, yet further studies are needed to confirm its significant effects. Evidence is limited and of poor quality regarding the effects of add-on vitamin A (n = 2), magnesium sulfate (n = 2) and zinc (n = 4) for this population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The complementary use of certain supplements (fatty acids, <span>l</span>-arginine, vitamin D3) can enhance the management of VOC and improve patients' physiological functions. These supplements are often affordable and can contribute towards the reduction of opioid use and shorten patients' hospital stays - especially in low/middle-income countries where resources are scarce. Although further studies are needed to refine these findings (e.g., appropriate doses/regimens), practical guidelines and decision-makers may benefit from updated evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 157-168"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world experience of Teduglutide use in adults with short bowel syndrome: A seven-year international multicenter survey","authors":"Francisca Joly ,&nbsp;Denise Jezerski ,&nbsp;Ulrich-Frank Pape ,&nbsp;Adriana Crivelli ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Hütterer ,&nbsp;Charlotte Bergoin ,&nbsp;Anna S. Sasdelli ,&nbsp;Umberto Aimasso ,&nbsp;Stéphane M. Schneider ,&nbsp;Florian Poullenot ,&nbsp;David Seguy ,&nbsp;Brooke Chapman ,&nbsp;Jacek Sobocki ,&nbsp;Nunzia Regano ,&nbsp;Georg Lamprecht ,&nbsp;Sabrina Layec ,&nbsp;Lidia Santarpia ,&nbsp;Nada Rotovnik Kozjek ,&nbsp;Livia Gallitelli ,&nbsp;Rafael Lopez-Urdiales ,&nbsp;Loris Pironi","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Teduglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-2 analogue used to promote intestinal rehabilitation and decrease the dependence from intravenous supplementation (IVS) in patients with short bowel syndrome and intestinal failure (SBS-IF). The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of international real-world Teduglutide use since its launch.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from an international multicenter database for chronic IF were analysed. All the adult patients with SBS-IF included by centers that treated at least one patient with Teduglutide during the study period (2015–2022) were investigated. The baseline characteristics and the outcome of patients treated with Teduglutide (n.269) were compared to those of patients not receiving the drug (Controls, n.3081). The center experience was categorized based on the number of patients treated with Teduglutide: &lt;10 or ≥10.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Teduglutide cohort exhibited higher male prevalence, younger age, longer duration of HPN, higher percentage of SBS with jejunocolonic anastomosis, lower IVS volume, improved oral intake, and higher percentage of patients weaned from IVS. Controls showed higher percentages of patients deceased or lost to follow up. Centers with ≥10 patients treated with Teduglutide showed higher weaning rates and lower mortality rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This is the largest analysis of Teduglutide's real-world setting in SBS-IF. Clinicians preferentially selected for treatment patients with better prognostic indicators. Outcomes were significantly better in centers with higher Teduglutide treatment volumes, emphasizing the need for specialized referral centers to optimize care for SBS-IF patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 54-67"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An umbrella review of meta-analyses on the effects of microbial therapy in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","authors":"Yuanyue Yao ,&nbsp;Qing Hong ,&nbsp;Siqi Ding ,&nbsp;Jie Cui ,&nbsp;Wenhui Li ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang ,&nbsp;Ye Sun ,&nbsp;Yiyang Yu ,&nbsp;Mingzhou Yu ,&nbsp;Chengcheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Lianmin Chen ,&nbsp;Jinchi Jiang ,&nbsp;Yonghong Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current pharmacological treatments for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are often accompanied by adverse side effects. Consequently, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, which are bioactive compounds from fermented foods and offer fewer side effects, have garnered significant attention as alternative therapeutic strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to assess the efficacy of microbial therapies—probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics—in managing MASLD and to identify the optimal treatment modality for various clinical indicators through a comprehensive umbrella review of meta-analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A thorough literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus to identify 23 meta-analyses over 18,999 MASLD patients as of November 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings indicate that microbial treatments positively influence levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and body mass index (BMI) in MASLD patients. Notably, probiotics were most effective in reducing TC, ALT, AST, GGT, insulin, TNF-α, and BMI; prebiotics were most effective in reducing TG; and synbiotics were most effective in reducing LDL-C, HOMA-IR, and CRP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study provides robust evidence for microbial treatments of MASLD, enabling targeted interventions for different indicators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life events triggered frailty-related eating behaviors of older adults","authors":"Sayaka Nagao-Sato ,&nbsp;Yui Kawasaki ,&nbsp;Rie Akamatsu ,&nbsp;Kahori Fujisaki ,&nbsp;Nanami Taniuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Support to improve eating behavior could be an effective strategy for preventing frailty, if support is provided at the appropriate time. This study aimed to explore the life events that affect the eating behaviors associated with frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted in 2023, and 1200 older adults aged 65–74 years participated. The Kihon Checklist was used to assess frailty status: robustness, prefrailty, or frailty. Thirteen potential frailty-related eating behaviors, adapted from a previous qualitative study, were evaluated for associations with frailty status using ordinal logistic regression models with adjustments. Life events that affected frailty-related behaviors were summarized.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, the proportions of individuals with robustness, prefrailty, and frailty were 40.5 %, 39.1 %, and 20.4 %, respectively. The men with frailty were more likely to have light lunches (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) [95 % confidence interval]: 2.13 [1.26–3.60]) and were less likely to have Westernized meals (aOR: 0.52 [0.30–0.90]), eat together (aOR: 0.39 [0.18–0.85]), go shopping (aOR: 0.44 [0.20–0.97]), and habituate to clean-up (aOR: 0.47 [0.26–0.86]), which were affected mainly by being married or retired. The women with frailty were less likely to have protein-rich foods (aOR: 0.10 [0.02–0.41]), eat together (aOR: 0.43 [0.20–0.93]), and go shopping (aOR: 0.19 [0.06–0.58]), which were affected mainly by getting married.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nutritional support at retirement and changes in marital status may be effective ways to prevent unfavorable eating behaviors that contribute to frailty. Further studies are needed to capture the whole picture of the life events that affect frailty-related eating behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 129-135"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}