Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Pulmonary volumes and signs of chronic airflow limitation in quantitative computed tomography","authors":"Emelie Bäcklin,&nbsp;Adrian Gonon,&nbsp;Magnus Sköld,&nbsp;Örjan Smedby,&nbsp;Eva Breznik,&nbsp;Birgitta Janerot-Sjoberg","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12880","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12880","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Computed tomography (CT) offers pulmonary volumetric quantification but is not commonly used in healthy individuals due to radiation concerns. Chronic airflow limitation (CAL) is one of the diagnostic criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where early diagnosis is important. Our aim was to present reference values for chest CT volumetric and radiodensity measurements and explore their potential in detecting early signs of CAL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS), 294 participants aged 50–64, were categorized into non-CAL (<i>n</i> = 258) and CAL (<i>n</i> = 36) groups based on spirometry. From inspiratory and expiratory CT images we compared lung volumes, mean lung density (MLD), percentage of low attenuation volume (LAV%) and LAV cluster volume between groups, and against reference values from static pulmonary function test (PFT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CAL group exhibited larger lung volumes, higher LAV%, increased LAV cluster volume and lower MLD compared to the non-CAL group. Lung volumes significantly deviated from PFT values. Expiratory measurements yielded more reliable results for identifying CAL compared to inspiratory. Using a cut-off value of 0.6 for expiratory LAV%, we achieved sensitivity, specificity and positive/negative predictive values of 72%, 85% and 40%/96%, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present volumetric reference values from inspiratory and expiratory chest CT images for a middle-aged healthy cohort. These results are not directly comparable to those from PFTs. Measures of MLD and LAV can be valuable in the evaluation of suspected CAL. Further validation and refinement are necessary to demonstrate its potential as a decision support tool for early detection of COPD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 4","pages":"340-348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140576935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving sensitivity through data augmentation with synthetic lymph node metastases for AI-based analysis of PSMA PET-CT images","authors":"Elin Trägårdh,&nbsp;Johannes Ulén,&nbsp;Olof Enqvist,&nbsp;Lars Edenbrandt,&nbsp;Måns Larsson","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12879","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12879","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a fully automated artificial intelligence (AI)AI-based-based method for detecting suspected lymph node metastases in prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)(PSMA) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT)(PET-CT) images of prostate cancer patients by using data augmentation that adds synthetic lymph node metastases to the images to expand the training set.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Synthetic data were derived from original training images to which new synthetic lymph node metastases were added. Thus, the original training set from a previous study (<i>n</i> = 420) was expanded by one synthetic image for every original image (<i>n</i> = 840), which was used to train an AI model. The performance of the AI model was compared to that of nuclear medicine physicians and a previously developed AI model. The human readers were alternately used as a reference and compared to either another reading or AI model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The new AI model had an average sensitivity of 84% for detecting lymph node metastases compared with 78% for human readings. Our previously developed AI method without synthetic data had an average sensitivity of 79%. The number of false positive lesions were slightly higher for the new AI model (average 3.3 instances per patient) compared to human readings and the previous AI model (average 2.8 instances per patient), while the number of false negative lesions was lower.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Creating synthetic lymph node metastases, as a form of data augmentation, on [18F]PSMA-1007F]PSMA-1007 PETPET-CT-CT images improved the sensitivity of an AI model for detecting suspected lymph node metastases. However, the number of false positive lesions increased somewhat.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 4","pages":"332-339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12879","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140334990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory muscles's thermographic analysis in asthmatic youth with and without bronchospasm induced by eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea","authors":"Camila M. de A. Santos,&nbsp;Polyanna G. C. Quirino,&nbsp;José Â. Rizzo,&nbsp;Décio Medeiros,&nbsp;José J. de A. Ferreira,&nbsp;Manoel da C. Costa,&nbsp;Nádia Gaua,&nbsp;Bayne Freya,&nbsp;Marcelle de O. Martins,&nbsp;Marco A. C. V. Junior","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12878","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12878","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the thermographic pattern of regions of interest (ROI) of respiratory muscles in young asthmatics with and without bronchospasm induced by eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional study carried out with 55 young (55% male and 45% females) aged 12.5 ± 3.3 years, divided in nine nonasthmatics, 22 asthmatics without exercise-induced bronchospasm compatible response (EIB-cr) and 24 asthmatics with EIB-cr. The diagnosis of EIB was given to subjects with a fall in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁) ≥ 10% compared to baseline. Thermographic recordings of respiratory muscles were delimited in ROI of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), pectoral, and rectus abdominis intention area. Thermal captures and FEV₁ were taken before and 5, 10, 15 and 30 min after EVH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-four (52.1%) of asthmatics had EIB-cr. There was a decrease in temperature at 10 min after EVH test in the SCM, pectoral and rectus abdominis ROIs in all groups (both with <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). There was a decrease in temperature (% basal) in asthmatic with EIB-cr compared to nonasthmatics in the rectus abdominis area (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was a decrease in temperature in the ROIs of different muscle groups, especially in asthmatics. The greater drop in FEV₁ observed in individuals with EIB-cr was initially associated with a decrease in skin temperature, with a difference between the nonasthmatics in the abdominal muscle area. It is likely that this decrease in temperature occurred due to a temporary displacement of blood flow to the most used muscle groups, with a decrease in the region of the skin evaluated in the thermography.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 4","pages":"324-331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute cardiac autonomic and hemodynamic responses to resistive breathing: Effect of loading type and intensity","authors":"Karan Pongpanit,&nbsp;Manta Korakot,&nbsp;Peerakan Nitilap,&nbsp;Nopparat Puplab,&nbsp;Noppawan Charususin,&nbsp;Kornanong Yuenyongchaiwat","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12877","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12877","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to assess the acute impact of distinct loading breathing types and intensities on cardiac autonomic function and hemodynamic responses in healthy young adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A randomized, crossover trial involved 28 participants who underwent inspiratory resistive breathing, expiratory resistive breathing (ERB) and combined resistive breathing, each at 30% and 60% of maximal respiratory pressures. Data on heart rate variability (HRV) and hemodynamic parameters were collected during each trial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study revealed significant main and interaction effects for both the performed task and the intensity across all measured variables (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). ERB at 60% load demonstrated significantly higher HRV values in the standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals, the square root of the mean squared difference of successive normal-to-normal RR intervals and high-frequency power, as well as significantly lower values in heart rate, stroke volume, stroke volume index, cardiac output, cardiac index, end-diastolic volume and end-diastolic volume index, compared to other loaded protocols (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the acute effect of type-specific and load-dependent resistive breathing on cardiac autonomic and hemodynamic functions, where ERB at 60% intensity showed the most significant cardiovagal modulation while causing the least hemodynamic alterations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 4","pages":"313-323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140142876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersession reliability of lower limb muscle strength assessments in adults with obesity eligible for bariatric surgery","authors":"Søren Gam,&nbsp;Anders K. Petz,&nbsp;Lukas R. Bjerre,&nbsp;Jeppe Bøgild,&nbsp;Anders B. Nielsen,&nbsp;Rikke N. Sørensen,&nbsp;Mikkel I. Kolind,&nbsp;Bibi Gram,&nbsp;Stinus Hansen,&nbsp;Per Aagaard","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12876","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12876","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to examine the test−retest reliability in lower limb muscle strength and rate of torque development (RTD) using isokinetic dynamometry in adults with obesity, with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m².</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two adults with a BMI of 43.8 ± 6.6 kg/m² eligible for bariatric surgery were enroled in the study. Isokinetic and isometric knee extensor (KE) and flexor (KF) strength were assessed in an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex 4) during three test sessions separated by 3−7 days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were no statistical differences in peak KE and KF torque for any test modalities between sessions. Intraclass correlation (ICC) was 0.91−0.94 between sessions 1 and 2 and 0.94−0.97 between sessions 2 and 3. Standard error of measurement (SEM%) and coefficient of variation (CV) ranged across test sessions from 4.3% to 7.3%. KE RTD showed high test−retest reliability following familiarization, with ICC, CV and SEM% values ranging from 0.84 to 0.90, 13.3%−20.3% and 14.6%−24.9%, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Maximal lower limb muscle strength measured by isokinetic dynamometry showed excellent test−retest reliability manifested by small measurement errors and low CV. Reliability was slightly improved by including a familiarization session. KE RTD but not KF RTD demonstrated high test−retest reliability following familiarization. The present data indicate that isokinetic dynamometry can be used to detect even small changes in lower limb muscle strength in adults with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 4","pages":"303-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal muscle estimation: A review of techniques and their applications","authors":"Christian Rodriguez,&nbsp;Jacob D. Mota,&nbsp;Ty B. Palmer,&nbsp;Steven B. Heymsfield,&nbsp;Grant M. Tinsley","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12874","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12874","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quantifying skeletal muscle size is necessary to identify those at risk for conditions that increase frailty, morbidity, and mortality, as well as decrease quality of life. Although muscle strength, muscle quality, and physical performance have been suggested as important assessments in the screening, prevention, and management of sarcopenic and cachexic individuals, skeletal muscle size is still a critical objective marker. Several techniques exist for estimating skeletal muscle size; however, each technique presents with unique characteristics regarding simplicity/complexity, cost, radiation dose, accessibility, and portability that are important factors for assessors to consider before applying these modalities in practice. This narrative review presents a discussion centred on the theory and applications of current non-invasive techniques for estimating skeletal muscle size in diverse populations. Common instruments for skeletal muscle assessment include imaging techniques such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and Brightness-mode ultrasound, and non-imaging techniques like bioelectrical impedance analysis and anthropometry. Skeletal muscle size can be acquired from these methods using whole-body and/or regional assessments, as well as prediction equations. Notable concerns when conducting assessments include the absence of standardised image acquisition/processing protocols and the variation in cut-off thresholds used to define low skeletal muscle size by clinicians and researchers, which could affect the accuracy and prevalence of diagnoses. Given the importance of evaluating skeletal muscle size, it is imperative practitioners are informed of each technique and their respective strengths and weaknesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 4","pages":"261-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139995814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rebooting nuclear medicine specialist education under the COVID-19 pandemic: From plenary lectures to active e-learning","authors":"Andreas Tulipan,&nbsp;Ankush Gulati,&nbsp;Torjan Haslerud,&nbsp;Robert Gray Jr.,&nbsp;Martin Biermann","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12875","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12875","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite major reforms of specialist training in the Nordic countries towards concrete learning outcomes and promoting active learning, most specialist courses continue to be based on lectures. We redesigned our mandatory 5-day course in clinical nuclear medicine (NM) that was last held in 2016 towards active learning. Thirty 1-h lectures were replaced with 10 thematic blocks of 3 h each. Each block was taught by a single teacher in a blend of short introductory lectures alternating with small groups of residents reading NM cases from our newly established national case library in diagnostic format. Due to COVID-19, the entire course in 2021 needed to be run on a videoconferencing system rather than in a computer laboratory as had been originally planned. At the end of the course, we conducted the same anonymized survey as in 2016. All 19 course participants responded. 74% fully agreed that the e-course format had been ‘good’. One hundred per cent fully agreed that the practical exercises were ‘useful’ versus 50% in 2016 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In their free text answers on the merits or downsides of e-learning, 12/12 respondents only mentioned advantages. Our newly established library of anonymized teaching cases within our national health network is an effective tool for organising courses based on active learning. Despite the change towards distance learning enforced by the pandemic, course participants reported the same high levels of satisfaction with active learning in small groups as in the earlier traditional lecture-based course format.</p>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 4","pages":"297-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower limb blood flow occlusion increases systemic pressor response without increasing brachial arterial blood flow redistribution in women","authors":"Abby R. Fleming,&nbsp;Hayley V. MacDonald,&nbsp;Samuel L. Buckner,&nbsp;Lee J. Winchester","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12873","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12873","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study was conducted to investigate the systemic hemodynamic and vascular changes in women during and after two commonly used clinical blood flow restriction (BFR) pressures at rest. There are minimal data regarding the independent effects of BFR on hemodynamic and systemic vascular changes due to pressor response, particularly among women. Therefore, this study investigated BFR-induced alterations in pressor response and systemic flow redistribution at rest during two commonly used pressures (50% and 80% limb occlusion pressure [LOP]). Fifteen women (22.1 ± 4.2 years) completed two randomised sessions involving 8-min of bilateral, lower limb restriction at 50% or 80% LOP followed by 8-min of recovery post-deflation. Changes in vascular (arterial diameter [DIA], time-averaged mean velocity [TAMV], volume flow [VF], and area) and hemodynamic (heart rate [HR] and blood pressure) measures over time (pre-, during, post-occlusion) and by session (50% vs. 80% LOP) were tested using repeated measures analysis of variance. Repeated measures correlations (<i>r</i>_rm) quantified common intraindividual associations between BFR-induced hemodynamic and vascular responses. HR increased from baseline during 50% LOP and remained elevated during recovery (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). HR increased from baseline during 80% LOP, while tibial VF and TAMV decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.03 for all). HR and TAMV values returned to baseline during recovery, while brachial artery VF decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Changes in HR, brachial VF, and brachial TAMV were similar between 50% and 80% LOP (<i>r</i>_rm = 0.32–0.70, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 for all). At 80% LOP, changes in HR were positively correlated with brachial VF (<i>r</i>_rm = 0.38) and TAMV (<i>r</i>_rm = 0.43) and negatively correlated with tibial VF (<i>r</i>_rm = −0.36) and TAMV (<i>r</i>_rm = −0.30) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 for all). Results suggest that BFR at 80% LOP elicits an acute systemic pressor reflex without concomitant increases in brachial arterial flow, while 50% LOP elicits a subdued response.</p>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 4","pages":"285-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139943979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative computed tomography angiography evaluation of the coronary fractional flow reserve in patients with left anterior descending artery myocardial bridging","authors":"Dan Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Tian,&nbsp;Meng-Ya Li,&nbsp;Wen-Song Zheng,&nbsp;Yang Yu,&nbsp;Hao-Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Tong Pan,&nbsp;Bu-Lang Gao,&nbsp;Cai-Ying Li","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12872","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12872","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To quantitatively investigate the effect of myocardial bridge (MB) in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) on the fractional flow reserve (FFR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three-hundred patients with LAD MB who had undergone coronary artery CT angiography (CCTA) were retrospectively enroled, and 104 normal patients were enroled as the control. The CCTA-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) was measured at the LAD 10 mm proximal (FFR1) and 20–40 mm distal (FFR3) to the MB and at the MB location (FFR2).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FFR2 and FFR3 of the MB (with BM only) and MBLA (with both MB and atherosclerosis) groups were significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) lower than those of the control. The FFR3 distal to the MB was significantly lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) than that of the control. The FFRCT of the whole LAD in the MBLA group was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) lower than that of the MB and control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). MB length (OR 1.061) and MB muscle index (odds ratio or OR 1.007) were two risk factors for abnormal FFRCT, and MB length was a significant independent risk factor for abnormal FFRCT (OR = 1.077). LAD stenosis degree was a risk factor for abnormal FFRCT values (OR 3.301, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.441–7.562, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and was also a significant independent risk factor (OR = 3.369, 95% CI: 1.392–8.152; <i>p</i> = 0.007) for abnormal FFRCT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MB significantly affects the FFRCT of distal coronary artery. For patients with MB without atherosclerosis, the MB length is a risk factor significantly affecting FFRCT, and for patients with MB accompanied by atherosclerosis, LAD stenotic severity is an independent risk factor for FFRCT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 3","pages":"251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139734650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting strain analysis to identify myocardial ischemia in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease","authors":"Dimitrios Tsartsalis,&nbsp;Yannis Dimitroglou,&nbsp;Argyro Kalompatsou,&nbsp;Markos Koukos,&nbsp;Dimitrios Patsourakos,&nbsp;Elias Tolis,&nbsp;Spiros Tzoras,&nbsp;Dimitrios Petras,&nbsp;Costas Tsioufis,&nbsp;Constantina Aggeli","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12871","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12871","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with higher incidence of cardiovascular death. Screening for coronary artery disease in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients is challenging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the incremental value of resting deformation analysis in predicting positive results for myocardial ischemia during stress transthoracic echocardiography in patients with end-stage CKD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-one patients (mean age: 62.3 ± 11.8, 65.7% men) with end-stage CKD were included in the study. Patients underwent a resting transthoracic echocardiogram and a dobutamine stress contrast echo (DSE) protocol. Positive results of DSE were defined as stress-induced left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormalities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study cohort had normal or mildly impaired systolic function: mean LV ejection fraction (EF) was 49.2% (±10.4) and mean LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) was 14.4% (±4.5). Half of our population had impaired left atrial (LA) strain: mean LA reservoir, conduit, and contractile reserve were 24.1% (±12.6), 10.6% (±5.9), and 13.6% (±9.2), respectively. DSE was positive for ischemia in 55.7%. A significant negative association with DSE results was found for LV EF, LV GLS and the conduit phase of LA strain. Both LV and LA dimensions showed positive correlation with presence of ischemia in DSE. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LV GLS was independently associated with DSE (<i>p</i> = 0.007), after controlling for covariates, with high diagnostic accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resting LV deformation could predict positive results during DSE, thus may be useful to better identify renal patients who might benefit from coronary artery screening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 3","pages":"240-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}