CNS OncologyPub Date : 2022-06-13DOI: 10.2217/cns-2021-0011
K. Le Dû, N. Alarion, H. Rabi, O. Casasnovas, P. Robert, Amandine Durand, Bénédicte Burlet, C. Tabouret-Viaud, Selim Ramla, Laurent Martin, C. Rossi
{"title":"Extranodal classical Hodgkin lymphoma involving the spinal cord: case report and review of the literature","authors":"K. Le Dû, N. Alarion, H. Rabi, O. Casasnovas, P. Robert, Amandine Durand, Bénédicte Burlet, C. Tabouret-Viaud, Selim Ramla, Laurent Martin, C. Rossi","doi":"10.2217/cns-2021-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/cns-2021-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Primary CNS involvement is very rare in Hodgkin lymphoma. Here we present two cases of spinal cord dissemination. Two women of 40 and 65 years of age presented symptoms of spinal cord injury; imaging showed an intramedullary mass in T10 and T2, respectively, without vertebral involvement and upper diaphragmatic lymph nodes. Lymph-node biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of classical Hodgkin lymphoma in both patients. The first patient received four cycles of chemotherapy (escalated BEACOPP and ABVD) with intrathecal therapy, and the second four cycles of doxorubicin, vinblastine, dacarbazine (AVD) and local irradiation after surgery decompression. Complete metabolic response was obtained at the end of treatment. After 5 and 7 years of follow-up respectively, neurological deficits persisted in both.","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76812257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CNS OncologyPub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.2217/cns-2022-0009
P. Orduña, Cheryl Anne P Lubaton-Sacro
{"title":"Factors associated with delayed diagnosis among Filipino pediatric brain tumor patients: a retrospective review","authors":"P. Orduña, Cheryl Anne P Lubaton-Sacro","doi":"10.2217/cns-2022-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/cns-2022-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Determine delayed diagnosis measured by prediagnostic symptomatic interval (PSI) among Filipino pediatric brain tumor patients and identify associated factors. Methods: Data was collected retrospectively on Philippine General Hospital pediatric brain tumor patients from 2015 to 2019. PSI was calculated. Associated factors were determined. Results: 196 patients were included. Median PSI was 80.5 days. Longer PSI was significantly associated with older age, supratentorial and low-grade tumors, more physician consults prior to subspecialist referral, longer interval from neuroimaging request to facilitation, and those presenting with seizures (11-month delay), poor school performance (1-year delay), behavioral changes (1.3-year delay) and secondary amenorrhea (3-year delay). Conclusion: Delayed diagnosis among Filipino brain tumor patients is associated with age, tumor characteristics and symptoms that are uncommon in this condition. Awareness of these symptoms through physician education, close monitoring of patients, early subspecialist referral and better neuroimaging access may lead to earlier diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81652989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CNS OncologyPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.2217/cns-2022-0001
Nuno Cubas Farinha, Wilson Teixeira, Diogo Roque, Sergio Livraghi
{"title":"Large mirror brain metastases from primary undifferentiated sarcoma of the breast: case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Nuno Cubas Farinha, Wilson Teixeira, Diogo Roque, Sergio Livraghi","doi":"10.2217/cns-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/cns-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary breast sarcomas are rare high-grade tumors with a reported incidence of <1% of breast malignancies. Its dissemination to the CNS is exceptional and only one is found in the literature. The authors described the case of a 22-year-old female with history of a breast undifferentiated sarcoma that present with two large bilateral retrolenticular brain metastases. Both lesions were excised in the same procedure and she underwent adjuvant therapy. She died 24 months after surgery. Despite being aggressive lesions, aggressive treatment of primary breast sarcomas including brain metastases excision, should be considered in order to improve overall survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":"11 2","pages":"CNS85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b2/f9/cns-11-85.PMC9134969.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10241190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CNS OncologyPub Date : 2022-06-01Epub Date: 2022-05-18DOI: 10.2217/cns-2022-0002
Kathleen Van Dyk, Lucy Wall, Brandon F Heimberg, Justin Choi, Catalina Raymond, Chencai Wang, Albert Lai, Timothy F Cloughesy, Benjamin M Ellingson, Phioanh Nghiemphu
{"title":"Daily functioning in glioma survivors: associations with cognitive function, psychological factors and quality of life.","authors":"Kathleen Van Dyk, Lucy Wall, Brandon F Heimberg, Justin Choi, Catalina Raymond, Chencai Wang, Albert Lai, Timothy F Cloughesy, Benjamin M Ellingson, Phioanh Nghiemphu","doi":"10.2217/cns-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"10.2217/cns-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Understanding and supporting quality of life (QoL) and daily functioning in glioma patients is a clinical imperative. In this study, we examined the relationship between cognition, psychological factors, measures of health-related QoL and functioning in glioma survivors. <b>Materials & methods:</b> We examined neuropsychological, self-reported cognition, mood and QoL correlates of work and non-work-related daily functioning in 23 glioma survivors, and carried out linear models of the best predictors. <b>Results & conclusion:</b> A total of 13/23 participants were working at the time of enrollment. The best model for worse work-related functioning (R<sup>2</sup> = .83) included worse self-reported cognitive function, depression, loneliness and brain tumor symptoms. The best model for worse non-work-related functioning (R<sup>2</sup> = .61) included worse self-reported cognitive functioning, anxiety, sleep disturbance and physical functioning. Neuropsychological variables were not among the most highly correlated with function. Worse cognitive, particularly self-reported and psychosocial outcomes may compromise optimal functioning in glioma survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":"11 2","pages":"CNS84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/22/11/cns-11-84.PMC9134930.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9970553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CNS OncologyPub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.2217/cns-2022-0004
T. Gupta, P. Nayak, Y. Baviskar, Meetakshi Gupta, A. Moiyadi, S. Epari, A. Janu, N. Purandare, V. Rangarajan, B. Bagal, Abhishek Chatterjee, G. Sastri
{"title":"Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in primary central nervous system lymphoma versus high-grade glioma: exploratory, comparative and correlative analysis","authors":"T. Gupta, P. Nayak, Y. Baviskar, Meetakshi Gupta, A. Moiyadi, S. Epari, A. Janu, N. Purandare, V. Rangarajan, B. Bagal, Abhishek Chatterjee, G. Sastri","doi":"10.2217/cns-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/cns-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To assess systemic inflammatory biomarkers in non invasive differential diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) from high-grade glioma (HGG). Materials & methods: Patients with similar morphology (PCNSL or HGG) on conventional neuro-imaging were included. Systemic inflammatory indices were calculated from pretreatment complete blood counts and liver function tests and compared against histopathology as reference standard. Results: Mean values of absolute lymphocyte count and prognostic nutritional index were significantly different between PCNSL (n = 42) versus HGG (n = 16). Area under receiver operating characteristics curve for absolute lymphocyte count and prognostic nutritional index in the diagnosis of PCNSL was 0.70 and 0.72 respectively suggesting fair and acceptable diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: Systemic inflammatory biomarkers complement established clinico-radiological features and aid in the differential diagnosis of PCNSL from HGG.","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86789680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CNS OncologyPub Date : 2022-03-01Epub Date: 2022-02-10DOI: 10.2217/cns-2021-0005
Orwa Aboud, Ritu Shah, Elizabeth Vera, Eric Burton, Brett Theeler, Jing Wu, Lisa Boris, Martha Quezado, Jennifer Reyes, Kathleen Wall, Mark R Gilbert, Terri S Armstrong, Marta Penas-Prado
{"title":"Challenges of imaging interpretation to predict oligodendroglioma grade: a report from the Neuro-Oncology Branch.","authors":"Orwa Aboud, Ritu Shah, Elizabeth Vera, Eric Burton, Brett Theeler, Jing Wu, Lisa Boris, Martha Quezado, Jennifer Reyes, Kathleen Wall, Mark R Gilbert, Terri S Armstrong, Marta Penas-Prado","doi":"10.2217/cns-2021-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/cns-2021-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> To illustrate challenges of imaging interpretation in patients with oligodendroglioma seen at a referral center and evaluate interrater reliability. <b>Methods:</b> Two neuro-oncologists reviewed diagnostic preradiation MRIs of oligodendroglioma patients; interrater reliability was calculated with the kappa coefficient (k). A neuroradiologist measured presurgical apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), if available. <b>Results:</b> Extensive enhancement was noted in four of 58 patients, k = 0.7; necrosis in seven of 58, k = 0.61; calcification in seven of 17, k = 1.0; diffusion restriction in two of 39 patients, k = 1.0 (all only in grade 3). ADC values with receiver operator characteristic analysis for area under the curve were 0.473, not significantly different from the null hypothesis (p = 0.14). <b>Conclusions:</b> Extensive enhancement, necrosis and calcification correlated with grade 3 oligodendroglioma in our sample. However, interrater variability is an important limitation when assessing radiographic features, supporting the need for standardization of imaging protocols and their interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"CNS83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/3e/cns-11-83.PMC8988255.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39906197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CNS OncologyPub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.2217/cns-2021-0013
Helen Hwang, Jiayi Huang, Karam Khaddour, Omar H Butt, George Ansstas, Jie Chen, Ruth Gn Katumba, Albert H Kim, Eric C Leuthardt, Jian L Campian
{"title":"Prolonged response of recurrent <i>IDH</i>-wild-type glioblastoma to laser interstitial thermal therapy with pembrolizumab.","authors":"Helen Hwang, Jiayi Huang, Karam Khaddour, Omar H Butt, George Ansstas, Jie Chen, Ruth Gn Katumba, Albert H Kim, Eric C Leuthardt, Jian L Campian","doi":"10.2217/cns-2021-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/cns-2021-0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the improved understanding of the molecular and genetic heterogeneity of glioblastoma, there is still an unmet need for better therapeutics, as treatment approaches have remained unchanged in recent years. Research into the role of the immune microenvironment has generated enthusiasm for testing immunotherapy (specifically, immune checkpoint inhibitors). However, to date, trials of immunotherapy in glioblastoma have not demonstrated a survival advantage. Combination approaches aimed at optimally inducing response to immune checkpoint inhibitors with radiotherapy are currently being investigated. Herein, the authors describe their experience of the potential benefit and clinical outcomes of using combination pembrolizumab (an immune checkpoint inhibitor) and laser interstitial thermal therapy in a case series of patients with recurrent <i>IDH</i>-wild-type glioblastoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":"11 1","pages":"CNS81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/70/8e/cns-11-81.PMC8988254.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9583438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CNS OncologyPub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-10-12DOI: 10.2217/cns-2021-0006
Jessica M Lewis-Gonzalez, Mallika P Patel, Katherine B Peters
{"title":"Multi-joint steroid-induced avascular necrosis in a malignant brain tumor patient.","authors":"Jessica M Lewis-Gonzalez, Mallika P Patel, Katherine B Peters","doi":"10.2217/cns-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/cns-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a rare but serious adverse event associated with the use of corticosteroids for long durations or at high doses. This case report describes a 47-year-old female patient with low-grade astrocytoma who was initiated on low-dose dexamethasone for symptom management. The patient developed joint pain 1 year after steroid exposure, then was found to have AVN of the hip followed by multiple other joints. This case report highlights the extent to which AVN can occur in patients with brain tumors following a short course of low-dose corticosteroids. Careful evaluation of and monitoring for the development of AVN should occur frequently in patients with brain tumors given the frequent use of corticosteroids for symptom management in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":"10 4","pages":"CNS78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cf/62/cns-10-78.PMC8610003.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39508362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A pragmatic diagnostic approach to primary intracranial germ cell tumors and their treatment outcomes.","authors":"Jeyaanth Venkatasai, Rajesh Balakrishnan, Balakrishnan Rajkrishna, Patricia Sebastain, Rikki Rorima John, Harshad Arvind Vanjare, Krishna Prabhu, Bijesh Nair, Leni Grace Mathew, Selvamani Backianathan","doi":"10.2217/cns-2021-0012","DOIUrl":"10.2217/cns-2021-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (ICGCT) are often diagnosed with tumor markers and imaging, which may avoid the need for a biopsy. An intracranial germ cell tumor with mild elevation of markers is seldom stratified as a distinct entity. <b>Methods:</b> Fifty-nine patients were stratified into three groups: pure germinoma (PG), secreting germinoma (SG) and non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs). <b>Results:</b> At 5 years, progression-free survival and overall survival of the three groups (PG vs SG vs NGGCT) were 91% versus 81% versus 59%, and 100% versus 82% versus 68%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in outcome among histologically and clinically diagnosed germinomas. <b>Conclusion:</b> A criterion for clinical diagnosis when a biopsy is not feasible is elucidated, and comparable outcomes were demonstrated with histologically diagnosed germinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"CNS79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/86/0f/cns-10-79.PMC8610002.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39645455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CNS OncologyPub Date : 2021-09-01Epub Date: 2021-08-11DOI: 10.2217/cns-2021-0007
Srinivas Annavarapu, Anagha Gogate, Trang Pham, Kalatu Davies, Prianka Singh, Nicholas Robert
{"title":"Treatment patterns and outcomes for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Srinivas Annavarapu, Anagha Gogate, Trang Pham, Kalatu Davies, Prianka Singh, Nicholas Robert","doi":"10.2217/cns-2021-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/cns-2021-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Investigate real-world outcomes and healthcare utilization of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) related to O<sup>6</sup>-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter testing and methylation. <b>Patients & methods:</b> US Oncology Network data were analyzed for patients receiving first-line (1L) treatment for GBM. <b>Results:</b> Most patients received 1L radiation with temozolomide. Unadjusted median overall survival (OS) was higher in tested versus untested (median:18.1 vs 11.8 months) and in methylated versus unmethylated (median: 25.5 vs 12.4 months). Untested status, unmethylated MGMT and older age were associated with reduced OS and longer 1L treatment with increased OS. Similar findings were observed for progression-free survival. Utilization was similar between cohorts. <b>Conclusion:</b> In community oncology practices, MGMT methylation and testing were predictive of better survival in GBM.</p>","PeriodicalId":10469,"journal":{"name":"CNS Oncology","volume":"10 3","pages":"CNS76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/df/e0/cns-10-76.PMC8461754.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39301194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}