Clinical Oral Investigations最新文献

{"title":"Marginal bone level changes and soft-tissue esthetics around implants with convergent transmucosal profiles: 10-year retrospective analysis.","authors":"Nicola Alberto Valente, Gabriele Caruso, Nicola Carrus, Davide Cauli, Alessandro Cattaneo, Hani Abd-Ul-Salam","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07207-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-026-07207-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the long-term stability of marginal bone levels (MBL) and the Pink Esthetic Score (PES) in a cohort of patients treated with tissue-level implants featuring a convergent transmucosal profile.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective longitudinal analysis was conducted on 108 patients who received 193 implants with a specific convergent neck design and were followed for over 10 years. MBL was measured on digital periapical radiographs at baseline (loading), short-term (1-2 years), medium-term (3-6 years), and long-term (7-10 years) intervals. Esthetic outcomes were evaluated using the PES at the same time points comparing clinical photographs with reference teeth. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MBL remained stable throughout the observation period, with mean values of 1.17 mm at short-term, 1.17 mm at medium-term, and 1.23 mm at long-term follow-up, showing no statistically significant changes over time (p = 0.454). Conversely, PES values demonstrated a statistically significant increasing trend (p < 0.001), improving from a baseline mean of 7.99 to 10.34 at the long-term evaluation. Significant improvements were noted between baseline and all subsequent time points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limits of this retrospective study, tissue-level implants with a convergent transmucosal profile demonstrated stable marginal bone stability and a progressive improvement in soft tissue esthetics over a 10-year period. This specific convergent transmucosal geometry appears to favor positive peri-implant tissue adaptation and long-term stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between gestational diabetes mellitus and periodontal inflammation in a South African cohort.","authors":"Mai Ahmed, Dada Oluwaseyi Temilola, Mushi Matjila, Manogari Chetty","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07213-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-026-07213-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), periodontal status, and systemic inflammatory gene expression among pregnant women in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This case-control study included 105 pregnant women, comprising 52 women with GDM and 53 normoglycaemic controls. Participants were classified into four groups according to GDM and periodontal status. Periodontal assessment included probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Peripheral blood expression of CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-8, and MMP-9 was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR and expressed as relative gene expression. Multivariable logistic regression was adjusted for maternal age, BMI, gestational age, parity, smoking status, ethnicity, and toothbrushing frequency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PD, CAL, and BOP differed significantly across the four groups (all p < 0.001), with the highest BOP observed in women with both GDM and periodontitis. By GDM status, BOP was significantly higher in women with GDM [median 32.5% (range 8-70) vs. 13.0% (range 1-38); p < 0.001], whereas PD and CAL did not differ significantly in unadjusted analyses. After adjustment, BOP, PD, and CAL were significantly associated with GDM. MMP-9 relative expression differed overall across the four groups (p = 0.047), although adjusted post-hoc pairwise comparisons were not significant. IL-6 differed by GDM status in unadjusted analysis (p = 0.039) but not after adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GDM was associated with greater periodontal inflammatory burden, particularly BOP. Systemic inflammatory gene-expression differences were less consistent and showed no independent associations with GDM after adjustment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanobubbles enhance the effects of low-concentration sodium hypochlorite on root canal irrigation.","authors":"Haoyu Liu, Nguyen Nhat Thu Le, Jianfeng Wu, Chuanwu Xi, Weiyu Gong, Yanmei Dong","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07206-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-026-07206-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether nanobubbles (NBs) enhance the antibiofilm efficacy of low-concentration sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and enable smear layer removal.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Enterococcus faecalis biofilms were established on dentin discs and in root canals. Biofilms on dentin discs were treated with pure water, nanobubble water (NBW), 0.01% NaClO, 0.01% NaClO + NB, or 0.1% NaClO, then observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Residual biomass was quantified by colony forming unit (CFU) counting. Root canals were irrigated with pure water, 0.5% NaClO, 0.5% NaClO + NB, or 3% NaClO. Antibacterial effects were evaluated by CLSM and CFU counting. Smear layer removal was evaluated by SEM. Solution penetration was evaluated by crystal violet bleaching.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with 0.01% NaClO, 0.01% NaClO + NB caused more dead bacteria (P < 0.05) and disrupted biofilm structure. Bacteria with cell wall perforations were observed exclusively in NB-containing groups. In root canals, 0.5% NaClO + NB resulted in more dead bacteria than 0.5% NaClO alone at all examined depths (P < 0.05), and was comparable to 3% NaClO at 100 μm depth into the dentinal tubules in coronal third and 100-200 μm depth in middle third (P > 0.05). NaClO + NB group exhibited the lowest residual biomass on canal walls, enabled effective smear layer removal, and enhanced solution penetration (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NBs enhanced antibiofilm efficacy and enabled smear layer removal, thereby improving the performance of low-concentration NaClO in root canal irrigation.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Adding NBs to low-concentration NaClO offers a promising strategy to enhance root canal irrigation efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral microbiome alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review.","authors":"Aspasia Pachiou, Mariana Damanaki, Pune Nina Paqué, Christos Rahiotis, Eftychia Pappa","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07205-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-026-07205-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To systematically evaluate associations between glycemic control and oral microbial findings in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), distinguishing targeted detection of selected taxa from comprehensive oral microbiome profiling.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus was conducted from database inception to June 2025 in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO. Human studies investigating the relationship between glycemic control and the oral microbiome in individuals with T1DM were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Due to substantial methodological heterogeneity, findings were synthesized qualitatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two studies met the eligibility criteria. Most were cross-sectional and assessed glycemic control using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), with heterogeneous thresholds. Saliva and subgingival plaque were the most frequently sampled oral sites. Targeted studies commonly reported associations between poorer glycemic control and selected periodontal pathogens or oral Candida carriage, whereas findings for cariogenic microorganisms were inconsistent. Only four studies used comprehensive culture-independent community profiling; these studies reported differences in community composition and/or diversity, but the small number and methodological heterogeneity preclude a uniform conclusion regarding the direction of diversity change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Poorer glycemic control is associated with selected oral microbial alterations in individuals with T1DM, particularly in periodontal and Candida-focused studies. However, the predominance of targeted assays, cross-sectional designs, and substantial methodological heterogeneity limits conclusions about whole-community oral microbiome dysbiosis or causality. Well-designed longitudinal studies using standardized clinical phenotyping and comprehensive microbiome profiling are needed.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Poor glycemic control may coexist with adverse oral microbial and clinical findings in individuals with T1DM. These associations support attention to established preventive dental care and periodontal assessment as part of multidisciplinary diabetes care; however, oral microbiome monitoring is not yet validated as a clinical biomarker of glycemic status or oral disease risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective 3D analysis of gingival recession and occlusal morphology based on digital intraoral scans: an exploratory study.","authors":"Tannaz Milani, Thomas Holzinger, Markus Laky, Xiaohui Rausch-Fan","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07204-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-026-07204-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To characterize gingival recession (GR) in archived intraoral scans and to investigate associations with scan-visible occlusal and morphological features at patient and tooth levels.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective exploratory study included digital scans from adult patients without documented previous orthodontic treatment or relevant periodontal destruction. Mid-buccal GR was recorded as an ordinal score and as continuous depth. Wear-facet severity, a derived wear-facet involvement score, tooth type, alignment, and crown angulation were assessed. Patient-level associations were examined using logistic regression. Among recession-affected teeth, associations with recession severity were evaluated using cumulative link and gamma generalized linear mixed models accounting for clustering within patients. Exploratory random-forest modelling assessed predictive discrimination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 85 identified patients, 63 were included in patient-level analyses and 446 teeth in tooth-level analyses. GR was present in 74.6% of patients. Increasing age was associated with GR (odds ratio, 1.098; p < 0.01), whereas sex, smoking, and Angle Class were not. At tooth level, greater wear-facet involvement was associated with both higher recession scores and greater recession depth (both p < 0.0001), and age was also associated with both recession outcomes. The exploratory ML-based risk model showed moderate discrimination (AUC, 0.734 ± 0.061).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among recession-affected teeth, greater regional wear-facet involvement was associated with greater GR severity.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The spatial distribution of wear facets may provide additional contextual information when assessing teeth with gingival recession, as greater regional involvement was associated with greater recession severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of additive and subtractive digital workflow for the accuracy of removable occlusal stabilization-splints - an in-vitro study.","authors":"Anna-Lena Willmann, Joachim Schroeder, Tudor Radu Popescu, Karin Jepsen, Søren Jepsen, Pia-Merete Jervøe-Storm","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07211-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-026-07211-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Patients with stage IV periodontitis often require additional rehabilitation of the compromised dentition due to anatomical and functional consequences of tooth loss. Removable occlusal splints can be helpful in these advanced cases. This in-vitro study compared the accuracy and internal fit of removable occlusal splints fabricated by 3D-printing and milling from a standardized STL-file.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A standard-tessellation-language (STL)-file was created from a scanned master-model of the upper jaw and used for production of forty identical splints. Twenty splints were 3D-printed and twenty were milled. Subsequently all splints were rescanned, new STL-files resulted, which were compared with the original STL-file. Accuracy of both methods were assessed at 42 predefined points. Distances from vestibular to vestibular (v-v) respectively palatinal to palatinal (p-p) between molars were compared. Mann-Whitney-test was used for comparison (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean values were 43.9 ± 31.29 μm (3D) and 22.0 ± 18.46 μm (milled), with a significant difference between groups (p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney). The 3D technique resulted generally in a contraction (mean (SD) v-v: mean - 13.0 μm (± 92.16); p-p: -9.3 μm (± 123.03)). With the milled technique, a contraction vestibular-to-vestibular (-4.0 μm (± 53.63)), but palatinal-to-palatinal an expansion was measured (38.5 μm (± 33.86)). Vestibular, differences between groups were not significant (p = 0.862, Mann-Whitney), but palatinal at the second molar (p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both techniques showed deviations comparable to previous in-vitro studies of digitally manufactured occlusal splints. Less deviations were found in posterior areas of the dental arch with milled manufacturing.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Manufacturing of removable occlusal splints with CAD/CAM appears to be a precise and comfortable option.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are childhood diseases associated with Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization? - Results from an observational study.","authors":"Elena Pernegger, Nour Ammar, Karl-Ferdinand Fresen, Ramy Gaballah, Helen Irina Schill, Stefanie Amend, Norbert Krämer, Jan Kühnisch","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07182-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-026-07182-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This observational study aimed to investigate the potential association between reported childhood diseases and medications during early infancy and the later appearance of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>As part of a prospectively designed epidemiological study, 5,418 Bavarian children aged 8 to 10 were examined for the presence of caries (WHO standard) and MIH (EAPD criteria). In addition, each child received a questionnaire to be completed by their parents. A total of 1,315 questionnaires were returned, containing complete information on childhood diseases, medication and socioeconomic status. Marginalized zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 263 children (20.0%) were diagnosed with MIH, with a mean of 3.3 (± 2.0) MIH-affected teeth. In cases of bronchitis (IRR 1.25 with 95% CI 1.07-1.46), otitis media (aOR 1.91 with 95% CI 1.30-2.80), eye diseases, allergies, speech disorders, worm infections and cardiac diseases, significant associations were found for the presence of MIH. In addition, a significant association between antibiotic use and MIH was confirmed (first year of life: IRR 1.45 with 95% CI 1.15-1.83; aOR 1.86 with 95% CI 1.13-3.05/second year of life: IRR 1.35 with 95% CI 1.05-1.77; aOR 1.36 with 95% CI 1.05-1.77).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The associations were mostly associated with low case numbers and accordingly cannot explain the documented MIH prevalence of 20.0%. Therefore, childhood diseases and antibiotic use probably do not solely contribute to MIH development.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>MIH aetiology remains unclear, indicating a need for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of different CAD/CAM materials and thickness on the immediate load-bearing capacity of occlusal veneers.","authors":"Beyza Arslandaş Dinçtürk, Ceren Başerdem, Cemile Kedici Alp, Pekka K Vallittu, Mine Betül Üçtaşli, Sufyan Garoushi, Lippo Lassila","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07208-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-026-07208-9","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Minimally invasive occlusal veneers fabricated from ceramic and resin-based materials have gained increasing popularity in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different CAD/CAM materials and restoration thicknesses on the immediate load-bearing capacity of occlusal veneers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 100 human mandibular molars were prepared for occlusal veneers with a 1-mm circumferential rounded chamfer finish line. A preparation height of 1.5 mm extending from the preparation margin to the occlusal plane was created. The teeth were divided into 10 groups (n = 10), and occlusal veneers were fabricated in two different thicknesses (0.6 and 1.5 mm) using four CAD/CAM block materials: lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max), nanoceramic composite (Lava Ultimate and Cerasmart 270), hybrid ceramic (Enamic), and an experimental short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC CAD). The tested thickness of 0.6 mm is below the minimum thickness recommended by all manufacturers. Restorations were designed using Cerec software. After adhesive cementation, all specimens were stored in water at 37 °C for 2 days, followed by quasi-static loading testing. Data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA (´restorative material´ and ´restoration thickness`) and Tukey's post hoc test (α &lt;0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The two-way ANOVA demonstrated significant main effects of both restorative material and restoration thickness on fracture load (p &lt; 0.001), whereas the material-thickness interaction was not significant (p = 0.200). SFRC CAD exhibited the highest fracture load (SFRC 0.6 mm = 2560.2 ± 424.5N and SFRC 1.5 mm = 2799.0 ± 655.9N) while IPS e.max (IPS e.max 0.6 mm = 1224.2 ± 363.4N and IPS e.max 1.5 mm = 1799.9 ± 436.8N) showed the lowest. Increasing restoration thickness from 0.6 mm to 1.5 mm significantly resulted in higher fracture load regardless of the restorative material.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Both restorative material and restoration thickness play important roles in the mechanical performance of occlusal veneers. Among the evaluated CAD/CAM materials, the experimental short fiber-reinforced composite demonstrated the highest load-bearing capacity, whereas ceramic and resin-based CAD/CAM materials showed lower values. However, the higher incidence of catastrophic failures involving both restoration and tooth structure in the SFRC CAD groups indicates that fracture load alone should not be considered the only factor for material selection. These findings suggest that ultrathin occlusal veneers may have potential for minimally invasive restorative applications; however, their long-term clinical performance and failure behavior should be further investigated before clinical recommendations can be established.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Occlusal veneers with a thickness of 0.6 mm, minimum thickness recommended by manufacturers, exhibited ","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of oral microbiome in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab or upadacitinib.","authors":"Maciej Wnuk, Justyna Szczęch, Gabriela Żuk, Tomasz Szmatoła, Bernadetta Oklejewicz, Dominik Samotij, Anna Lewińska, Adam Reich","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07174-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-026-07174-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Dysbiosis, an imbalanced state of microbial communities in the human body, may contribute to autoimmune diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). While the role of affected skin-gut microbiome axis in AD is well established, still little is known about the relationship between oral microflora-based dysbiosis and AD progression and treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region was used to characterize the bacterial profiles of saliva samples from fifteen AD patients treated with dupilumab, an antibody against interleukin-4 receptor, or upadacitinib, an inhibitor of JAK1 kinase, for sixteen weeks. Oral microbiome data were compared with the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis revealed that at phylum level, Actinomycetota decreased significantly upon treatment (from a median of 11.87% to 6.15%; q = 0.0094), with a reciprocal increase in Bacteroidota (from 19.78% to 28.39%; q = 0.0185).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although all patients showed clinical improvement, the cohort did not permit assessment of a dose-response relationship between EASI score and Actinomycetota abundance. Thus, larger, more heterogeneous cohorts and mechanistic data (e.g., metabolomics-based identification of microbiome-derived metabolites) are needed to validate these findings and clarify their relevance as a potential therapeutic marker in AD.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The parallel decline in oral Actinomycetota abundance and EASI score highlights a potential link between the oral microbiome and treatment response in AD, warranting further investigation. In the absence of non-responders, this association does not yet support Actinomycetota as a potential biomarker of treatment efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13642382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of dental-origin gastrointestinal foreign bodies: a proposed site-based, risk-stratified framework for multidisciplinary care.","authors":"Feng Luo, Jiayi Tan, Chengge Hua","doi":"10.1007/s00784-026-07197-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-026-07197-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To propose a risk-stratified, site-specific framework tailored to the biomechanical hazards of dental-origin gastrointestinal foreign bodies (DGIFBs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a narrative review with expert consensus-based synthesis, evaluating leading gastroenterological and surgical consensus statements on aerodigestive and gastrointestinal emergencies. Dedicated guidelines for DGIFBs are currently scarce. Consequently, we systematically extrapolated management principles for sharp, complex objects and integrated them with clinical data on dental device complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DGIFBs (e.g., endodontic files, prostheses) possess sharp, rigid morphologies that inherently increase the mechanical risk of perforation and mediastinitis compared to blunt objects. The proposed algorithms are derived from extrapolated evidence rather than prospectively validated recommendations. By adapting generic guidelines to dental device morphologies, the extrapolated framework supports emergent endoscopic assessment and retrieval (within 2-6 h) for pharyngeal and esophageal DGIFBs. Gastric and proximal small bowel impactions warrant urgent extraction (< 24 h) if the object is sharp or exceeds 6 cm in length or 2.5 cm in diameter. Distal intestinal DGIFBs require serial radiologic monitoring, and surgical consultation/intervention should be considered when a sharp object fails to progress over approximately 3 days, particularly in the presence of symptoms or imaging evidence of complications. Plain radiography serves as the primary screening tool, with an immediate transition to CT for radiolucent materials or suspected extraluminal migration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DGIFBs represent a high-morbidity subset of foreign bodies. Their management requires a departure from generic conservative observation in favor of rapid risk stratification, supporting timely endoscopic or surgical assessment of high-risk objects while avoiding prolonged conservative observation when established risk criteria are present.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This review highlights the need for primary prevention. Routine rubber dam isolation is an important practice in dental care. The proposed pathway promotes teamwork between dentistry, emergency medicine, gastroenterology, and surgery. This helps improve patient safety and reduce severe complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}