Clinical Oral Investigations最新文献

{"title":"Identification and characterization of salivary immune complex antigens in oral cancer.","authors":"Maria Sei, Sayo Kanda, Nozomi Aibara, Rean Hashimura, Junya Hashizume, Yuki Jimbayashi Kutsuna, Tomofumi Naruse, Keisuke Omori, Hironori Sakai, Shin-Ichi Yamada, Takumi Hasegawa, Daisuke Takeda, Nobuhiro Yamakawa, Tadaaki Kirita, Tomoaki Kurosaki, Hirotaka Miyamoto, Kayoko Sato, Yukinobu Kodama, Mihoko N Nakashima, Mikiro Nakashima, Souichi Yanamoto, Kaname Ohyama","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06549-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06549-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to identify antigens incorporated into immune complexes that are associated with oral cancer pathogenesis and to determine their potential clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, immune complexome analysis was performed on saliva samples from 66 patients with oral cancer and 40 controls. Immune complexome analysis is an original method for the comprehensive identification of immune complex antigens in body fluids by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 24 IC-antigens that were significantly elevated in early-stage oral cancer compared with the controls, suggesting their potential as indicators for oral cancer. Four IC-antigens (ALOX5, B3GALT6, LAMA4, POLA1) were expressed at significantly higher levels in advanced-stage disease, indicating their involvement in cancer progression. Survival analysis revealed that high levels of POLA1 were associated with lower survival rates. Most of these proteins were reported to be involved in cancer progression and cell proliferation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings support the formation of disease-characteristic immune complexes in oral cancer and highlight the potential of immune complexome analysis in saliva for understanding oral cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional and three-dimensional radiographic outcomes after open reduction and internal fixation of condylar head fractures using magnesium alloy cannulated screws - a retrospective long-term follow-up.","authors":"Henry Leonhardt, Jan Bernard Matschke, Philipp Sembdner, Alexander Seidler, Niall M H McLeod, Christian Bräuer, Adrian Franke","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06585-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-025-06585-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Condylar head fractures are common in facial trauma and can result in significantly impaired mandibular function. Open Reduction and internal fixation overall produce better functional outcomes than closed treatment. Multiple methods of fixation have been proposed, including the use of biodegradable magnesium-based cannulated bone screws. This study aims to investigate the long-term efficacy of this fixation method using three-dimensional radiographic imaging and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study of a single centre included patients who underwent surgical intervention for a condylar head fracture using a cannulated magnesium lag screw. Clinical parameters and three-dimensional radiographic scans were collected during follow-up, and virtual model analysis was conducted after segmentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients received an osteosynthesis with a magnesium alloy implant. The functional results of the final assessment were excellent. Significant changes in volume, surface area, and signs of condylar remodelling were observed during the healing process. Complication rates were low. No implant had to be removed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cannulated compression screws using biodegradable magnesium-based alloys show good clinical results despite reduced condylar volume and surface area, as well as significant proof of three-dimensional incongruency of healing mandibular condyles. No patient complained of subjective problems connected to the resorption process, and no mechanical failure prior to fracture healing was recorded. Overall, this method verifies excellent long-term results.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Surgical implants comprised of magnesium alloys provide adequate fixation of fractures of the condylar head with excellent clinical results without the need for a second intervention to remove the implant.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implant stability in the posterior maxilla: clinical and radiographic comparison of osseodensification and conventional drilling: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Sara Amr Abdelraouf, Omnia Aboul Dahab, Basma Mostafa, Sarah Mohammed Kenawy, Omnia K Tawfik","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06526-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-025-06526-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to clinically and radiographically compare the effect of osseodensification (OD) and conventional drilling (CD) on implant stability in the posterior maxilla.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty patients received 20 implants after being randomly assigned for osteotomy preparation with either OD (test) (n = 10) or CD (control) (n = 10). Implant stability quotient (ISQ) and crestal bone loss were monitored closely from implant insertion through 12 months of loading. Insertion torque and implant survival were also assessed during the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In OD group, one patient was lost to follow up and all other implants were in Function after 12 months of loading (9/9), while only 8/10 implants survived in CD group. OD was associated with significantly higher mean ISQ values; post-insertion and during the 1st month of healing, compared to CD. A high relatively unchanged stability was observed throughout osseointegration with OD method, while a stability dip occurred during the 2nd and 3rd weeks of healing in CD group. There was no significant difference in crestal bone loss and insertion torque between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of this study, OD seems to provide earlier implant stability in terms of ISQ values, and may improve survival rates in the posterior maxilla, compared to CD, with no negative impact on crestal bone after 12 months of implant loading.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov Identifier: NCT04442763 (registration date 15/6/2020).</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>OD may be used as an alternative to CD to achieve earlier implant stability in the posterior maxilla.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars restored with additively manufactured inlays and self-cure bulk-fill composites.","authors":"Esra Yildirim Manav, Merve Ozdemi̇r, Aysenur Oncu","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06571-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06571-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary premolars restored with various direct and indirect restorative approaches, focusing on new self-cure composites and 3D-printed resin inlays.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty extracted human maxillary first premolars were divided into six groups (n = 10): (1) positive control (intact), (2) negative control (unrestored endodontically treated), (3) EverX Posterior + G-ænial Posterior (4) Stela Capsule (self-cure bulkfill composite), (5) Stela Automix (self-cure bulkfill composite), and (6) Saremco CrownTec (3D-printed inlays). All teeth, except Group 1, underwent root canal treatment and standardized MOD cavity preparation. Restored specimens were thermocycled (5000 cycles, 5-55 °C) and subjected to oblique compressive loading at 30°. One-way ANOVA and post hoc tests assessed statistical significance (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intact group showed the highest fracture resistance. Among restorations, 3D-printed inlays and Stela Automix performed significantly better than EverX Posterior + G-ænial Posterior and Stela Capsule. The negative control had the lowest resistance. Differences among groups were statistically significant (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both 3D-printed inlays and Stela Automix self-cure composite significantly improved fracture resistance in endodontically treated premolars, indicating their clinical potential as alternatives to conventional direct restorations.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings support the use of high-performance 3D-printed inlays and automix self-cure composites for reinforcing structurally compromised premolars, offering viable restorative options in cases of extensive MOD cavities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoral vs. extraoral bitewing radiography for approximal caries detection: A multi-observer ex vivo ROC study using thin-section microscopy as gold standard.","authors":"Julia Caroline Quintus, Ralf Kurt Willy Schulze","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06511-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-025-06511-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This ex vivo study aimed to compare the accuracy in detection of interproximal natural carious lesions between intraoral (iBWR) and extraoral bitewing radiographs (eBWR) using a multi-observer design and a rigorous gold standard.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Eighty extracted teeth (40 premolars, 40 molars) were arranged in anatomical sequence within a simulated jaw composed of PMMA and modified gypsum, with an emphasis on creating natural interproximal contacts. Approximately 50% of the teeth exhibited enamel caries, while the remaining 50% were caries-free. Image acquisition was performed using a custom-designed PMMA phantom. iBWR were obtained with a CMOS intraoral sensor (XIOS XG Supreme, Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany), and eBWR with a digital panoramic device (Orthophos SL 3D, Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany). Twenty-seven licensed dentists assessed caries presence and depth on 120 approximal surfaces (each surface assessed twice using both modalities) using a 5-point confidence scale and a 4-point lesion depth scale. Observers were blinded to the true caries status, which was determined through histological serial sectioning and brightfield microscopy. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated via ROC analysis, with Youden's index used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios. Statistical analyses were conducted at a significance level of α = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall accuracy was higher for iBWR (Az_pooled = 0.58) than for eBWR (Az_pooled = 0.54). Both intra-rater (test-retest, eBWR [Formula: see text]_spearman = 0.44, iBWR [Formula: see text]_spearman = 0.48) as well as inter-rater reliability (mean ICC eBWR = 0.19, iBWR = 0.27) were low. For enamel caries detection, iBWR outperformed eBWR in terms of specificity and positive predictive values, while eBWR in the first reading round achieved significantly higher sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, our multi-observer ex vivo study using microscopy as ground truth revealed higher diagnostic accuracy for intraoral bitewing radiography as compared to its extraoral counterpart.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Our results from a highly standardized study using a rigorous gold standard support the assumption that intraoral bitewing radiography still represents the radiographic state-of-the-art in interproximal caries detection. For minute enamel, diagnostic accuracy of both methods is just above random guessing.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Color stability and marginal discoloration of ceramic laminates cemented with light-polymerizing and dual-polymerizing luting agent: a 9-year split-mouth randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Ana Maria Estivalete Marchionatti, Vinícius Felipe Wandscher, Michele Mirian May, Marco Antônio Bottino, Liliana Gressler May","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06512-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-025-06512-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This split-mouth randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the color stability and marginal discoloration of ceramic laminates cemented to enamel using light- and dual-polymerizing cement.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>10 participants had 0.3-mm-thick ceramic laminates cemented to the buccal surface of the second premolars according to two experimental groups (light- or dual-polymerized cement). Variolink II light-polymerized cement was randomly used on one side, and Variolink II dual-polymerized cement was used on the contralateral side. The operator, participants, and evaluator were blinded to the polymerization mode. Color assessments were performed using a spectrophotometer (CIELab system) at 24 h (baseline) and 9 years post-cementation. Color alterations were quantified using the CIELab* (ΔE_ab) and CIEDE2000 (ΔE₀₀) formulas. Marginal discoloration was evaluated according to the US Public Health Service guidelines. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare light- and dual-polymerization modes for ΔE*_ab and ΔE*₀₀ (α = 0.05). Marginal discoloration was assessed using a Wilcoxon test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wilcoxon tests did not reveal a significant difference in ΔE*_ab and ΔE*₀₀ between light- and dual-polymerized cement (P > .05). At the 9-year evaluation, the mean (standard-deviation) ΔE*_ab values for the photo- and dual-polymerizing modes were 3.71 (1.32) and 5.30 (3.55), respectively. The mean (standard-deviation) ΔE*₀₀ values for the photo- and dual-polymerizing modes were 2.69 (0.89) and 3.92 (2.96), respectively. The color change surpassed clinically acceptable thresholds (ΔE*_ab>3.46 and ΔE*₀₀>2.25) in both groups. All veneers in the light- and dual-curing modes exhibited marginal discoloration. Wilcoxon tests revealed a statistically significant increase in marginal discoloration from baseline to 9 years for light- and dual-polymerized cements (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After 9 years, the color stability of the restorations was similar for both curing modes, surpassing clinical acceptability. Marginal discoloration occurred in all veneers in the light- and dual-polymerizing modes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>After 9 years, ceramic veneers luted with light- or dual-polymerized resin cement may exhibit color changes exceeding the threshold of clinical acceptability, along with a high incidence of marginal discoloration. Clinicians should consider these factors when selecting luting agents for long-term esthetic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forming capability of advanced customized jetting additive manufacturing for restorations with different margin morphologies and surface textures.","authors":"Yingyue Su, Liren Liu, Jingxin Zhang, Shuangshan Deng, Maohua Yang, Shanshan Gao","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06544-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06544-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to investigate the forming capability of Advanced Customized Jetting (ACJ) technology for four different margin types restorations and five surface textures.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Zirconia restorations with four margin types (heavy-chamfer, chamfer, shoulder and biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT)) were fabricated using CAD/CAM and ACJ technology (n = 10), then compared the root mean square (RMS) at non-marginal and Marginal regions. Surface textures were designed on 5 mm×5 mm× 5 mm cubes, including 11 groups: 1 non-porous (NP) group and 10 experimental groups with circular, triangular, square, pentagram, or hexagonal textures at 400 μm (D₄) or 800 μm (D₈) apertures (n = 10). ACJ fabricated textured samples were analyzed via SEM and 3D profilometry and measured dimensional accuracy along X/Y/Z axes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) All ACJ restorations have lower RMS values at non-marginal regions than CAD/CAM (P < 0.01). ACJ fabricated heavy-chamfer, chamfer and BOPT restorations have lower RMS values at marginal region than CAD/CAM (P < 0.01), whereas no difference in shoulder (P > 0.05). (2) Circle and hexagon have the highest accuracy: D₄C (90.58%), D₈C (94.96%), D₄H (87.29%) and D₈H (92.96%), while pentagram has the lowest accuracy (D₈P: 71.37%). The dimensional deviations of Z-axis are within 10 μm, and the accuracy of printing are above 90%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ACJ restorations exhibited lower RMS values than CAD/CAM in both non-marginal region and marginal region with heavy-chamfer, chamfer, and BOPT margins. Circle textures have the highest accuracy and larger aperture improves printing accuracy.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>ACJ fabricated zirconia restorations exhibit higher geometric precision and demonstrate technical feasibility in manufacturing customized morphological features.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of penetration enhancers on the performance of irrigants for root canal disinfection.","authors":"Yi Luo, Runze Liu, Pei Liu, Mengting Duan, Wei Fan, Bing Fan","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06557-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06557-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effects of penetration enhancers on the physicochemical properties, dentinal tubule penetration, tissue dissolution, and antimicrobial efficacy of root canal irrigants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Azone, Triton X-100, or iso-octyl polyoxyethylene ether (JFC-E) (0.1%-5%) were individually added to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or chlorhexidine (CHX) to assess the influence of penetration enhancers. Surface tension, contact angle, viscosity and free available chlorine (FAC) were measured. Dentinal penetration of NaOCl was assessed via discolored area and depth under stereomicroscopy. Soft tissue dissolution was evaluated by changes in bovine pulp tissue weight and volume. The inhibition of protease activity was examined by monitoring matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gelatinolytic activity via in situ zymography in radicular dentin. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was used to analyze multispecies biofilms clearance and bacterial viability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> 0.5% Azone significantly enhanced NaOCl penetration into dentinal tubules (p < 0.05) while maintaining chlorine stability over 90 days. Although tissue dissolution was not significantly improved (p > 0.05), azone-supplemented NaOCl provided deeper infiltration and greater collagen disruption. In situ zymography revealed lower gelatinolytic activity in dentin treated with azone-supplemented NaOCl or CHX (p < 0.05). In biofilm models, azone-supplemented irrigants showed superior bactericidal effects and biofilm reduction compared to irrigants alone (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Penetration enhancers, particularly azone, effectively enhance the dentinal tubule penetration and antimicrobial performance of endodontic irrigants without negatively affecting their chemical stability.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The irrigants supplemented with penetration enhancers may improve disinfection of complex root canal anatomies, contributing to more predictable endodontic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on NLRP3, Nrf2, Caspase-1, interleukin-1B, interleukin-18 in gingival crevicular fluid of severe periodontitis.","authors":"Mahmure Ayşe Tayman, Murat Kızılgün","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06574-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06574-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The signaling pathways activated in periodontitis is important to treat or to prevent the disease. Recent data have established the role of inflammasomes in periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, Caspase-1, and Nrf2 in gingival-crevicular-fluid (GCF) from patients with Stage3 periodontitis following nonsurgical-periodontal-treatment (NSPT), to compare them with clinical periodontal parameters, and to evaluate these parameters as potential biomarkers of response to NSPT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 129 individuals (Healthy, n:64; periodontitis, n:65) involved in the study. GCF was collected from the distal and mesial regions of 5 single-rooted anterior teeth and clinical periodontal parameters [plaque index(PI), bleeding-on-probing(BOP), probing-pocket-depth(PPD) and clinical-attachment-loss(CAL)] were obtained before and 6 month after NSPT. Levels of biochemical parameters (NLRP3, IL-18, IL-1β, Caspase-1 and Nrf2) were evaluated in GCF samples by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All biochemical and clinical periodontal parameters decreased significantly in the periodontitis group after NSPT (P < 0.001). Except for PI, IL-1β and IL-18, all parameters were significantly higher in the Post-Treatment groups compared to the Healthy group (P < 0.001). IL-1β and IL-18 reached healthy levels with 6-month follow-up of NSPT. All biochemical parameters were significantly correlated with full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters in the Pre-Treatment and Post-Treatment groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The tested biochemical parameters play important roles in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. IL-1β and IL-18 support their potential as clinically important biomarkers for treatment monitoring. Elevated levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and Nrf2 may indicate ongoing inflammatory activity rather than complete resolution after treatment. Clinical applicability must be confirmed by larger, longitudinal studies using advanced molecular techniques.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Monitoring the decrease of IL-1β and IL-18 with NSPT in GCF samples may indicate that these markers are promising treatment follow-up biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An open deep learning-based framework and model for tooth instance segmentation in dental CBCT.","authors":"You Zhou, Yan Xu, Basel Khalil, Andrew Nalley, Mihai Tarce","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06578-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00784-025-06578-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Current dental CBCT segmentation tools often lack accuracy, accessibility, or comprehensive anatomical coverage. To address this, we constructed a densely annotated dental CBCT dataset and developed a deep learning model, OraSeg, for tooth-level instance segmentation, which is then deployed as a one-click tool and made freely accessible for non-commercial use.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We established a standardized annotated dataset covering 35 key oral anatomical structures and employed UNetR as the backbone network, combining Swin Transformer and the spatial Mamba module for multi-scale residual feature fusion. The OralSeg model was designed and optimized for precise instance segmentation of dental CBCT images, and integrated into the 3D Slicer platform, providing a graphical user interface for one-click segmentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OralSeg had a Dice similarity coefficient of 0.8316 ± 0.0305 on CBCT instance segmentation compared to SwinUNETR and 3D U-Net. The model significantly improves segmentation performance, especially in complex oral anatomical structures, such as apical areas, alveolar bone margins, and mandibular nerve canals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The OralSeg model presented in this study provides an effective solution for instance segmentation of dental CBCT images. The tool allows clinical dentists and researchers with no AI background to perform one-click segmentation, and may be applicable in various clinical and research contexts.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>OralSeg can offer researchers and clinicians a user-friendly tool for tooth-level instance segmentation, which may assist in clinical diagnosis, educational training, and research, and contribute to the broader adoption of digital dentistry in precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 10","pages":"473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}