Clinical Oral Investigations最新文献

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of efficacy of volume stable collagen matrix in interdental papilla reconstruction as compared to connective tissue graft in maxillary esthetic region: a randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Geetanjali Sharma, Nishi Tanwar, Shikha Tewari, Ritika Arora","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06307-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06307-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study compared and evaluated the efficacy of volume-stable collagen matrix (VCMX) and subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) in interdental papilla reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Participants with class II interdental papilla loss (n = 36) were randomly assigned to test (VCMX) and control (SCTG) groups. Papillary height (PH), distance from the contact point to the tip of the papilla (CP-TP), keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival tissue thickness (GT), and periodontal parameters were assessed at baseline,1, 3, and 6 months. Patient comfort and healing were also evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) at 1 week and healing index (HI) at 1,2 and 3 weeks post-operatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On intragroup comparison from baseline to 6 months, a statistically significant gain in papillary height, reduction in CP-TP, and an increase in KTW and GT was found in both groups (p = 0.001). Both groups found statistically significant improvement in the healing index from 1 to 3 weeks (p = 0.001). On intergroup comparison, VCMX showed comparable results to SCTG at 6 months, while VAS showed a statistically lower value in VCMX than SCTG (p = 0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VCMX and SCTG were found to be equally effective in interdental papilla reconstruction in terms of gain in papillary height and reduction in CP-TP distance. VCMX resulted in less post-operative pain compared to SCTG.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>VCMX may be preferred for interdental papilla reconstruction by clinicians and individuals due to its unlimited availability, which eliminates the need for an additional harvest site and reduces morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress distribution on the components of multi-unit abutment with different angulation under lateral force: a finite element analysis.","authors":"Dong Lin, Zi-Heng Wen, Xiao-Ning Guo, Yuqing Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06306-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06306-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Few studies have provided a detailed analysis of stress distribution on the components of multi-unit abutment (MUA)-implants complex, particularly the abutment screw and prosthetic screw, which are among the most fragile parts of the restoration. Our objective was to investigate the differences of stress distribution on the components of MUA-implants complex under varies loading conditions using finite element analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We constructed MUA-implant complexes with different abutment angulations (0°, 17°, and 30°). A static force of 200 N was applied along the axis of the prosthetic abutment, accompanied by varying lateral forces (0 N, 30 N, and 100 N).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When subjected to a 200 N axial load, implants with a 30° angulated abutment experienced nearly 2.5 times the stress (1185 MPa) compared to straight abutments (437 MPa). The maximum stress of the straight MUA-implant was 8 times higher under a 100 N lateral force (2389 MPa) compared to that without lateral force. Prosthetic screws suffered higher stress concentration than the abutment screw and stress was mostly located near the first thread of the prosthetic screw.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a distinct stress distribution pattern between the prosthetic screw and abutment screw, with the former experiencing higher stress concentration than the latter.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The present study indicates that prosthetic screws are more vulnerable to mechanical complications and cautions should be raised to balance biting force to minimize the risks of mechanical complications in patients with angulated MUA-implants complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between temporomandibular disorders and mental and behavioural disorders - a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Younjung Park, Sora Yoon, Joon-Ho Yoon, Jin-Joo Yoo","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06324-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06324-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Growing evidence suggests associations between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and mental health conditions, but methodological issues such as including lack of control groups or reliance on self-reported questionnaires in previous studies have limited conclusive findings. This study aimed to determine whether TMD patients have higher incidence of specific mental and behavioural disorders (MBDs) using a large-scale dataset with matched controls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study used the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) customised database of South Korea. Individuals who diagnosed with TMDs between 2006 and 2019 were recruited. 713,473 individuals were included in each of the TMD and non-TMD groups through propensity score matching. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for MBD according to the presence or absence of a TMD diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with TMD showed significantly stronger associations with neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders (aHR = 1.65), mood disorders (aHR = 1.58), and behavioural syndromes associated with physiological disturbances (aHR = 1.50). Specific MBDs with stronger associations included somatoform (aHR = 1.79), anxiety (aHR = 1.65), depression (aHR = 1.61), and sleep disorders (aHR = 1.50).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TMD is positively associated with MBDs. Patients with TMDs should be monitored for possible co-occurrence of MBD-related symptoms that could aggravate TMD.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of multidisciplinary TMD management. Clinicians should implement MBD screening when treating TMD patients, particularly for somatoform, anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. Early identification enables timely psychological interventions alongside conventional therapies, potentially improving treatment outcomes through integrated care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time guided endodontics versus conventional freehand access cavity preparation by a specialist- an ex vivo comparative study.","authors":"Hauke Hildebrand, Ralf Krug, Wadim Leontiev, Dorothea Dagassan-Berndt, Gabriel Krastl, Roland Weiger, Thomas Connert","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06310-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06310-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study compared conventional access cavity preparation (CONV) and real-time guided endodontics (RTGE) in teeth with pulp canal calcification (PCC) regarding the rate of detected root canals, substance loss and procedural time.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 72 extracted, sound human teeth (48 incisors, 24 canines) with PCC were matched in pairs, divided into two groups of 36 teeth each. An endodontic specialist performed CONV, while a general dentist not specialized in endodontics utilized RTGE on six models each, under simulated clinical conditions. The operators recorded the time to access the calcified root canals. Pre- and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained to measure substance loss. Statistical significance was tested by examining the overlap of 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RTGE had a marginally higher success rate (34/36) in detecting root canals compared to CONV (32/36) (p =.67). While RTGE resulted in less substance loss (CI: 9-14.3 mm³ vs. 15-24.2 mm³), it required more procedural time than CONV (CI: 11.6-17.8 min vs. 1.4-2.5 min).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both CONV by a specialist and RTGE by a general dentist achieved a high detection rate of root canals, with RTGE resulting in superior tooth substance preservation but at the expense of longer operation times.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>RTGE can be considered as an alternative technique for non-specialists when treating teeth with PCC, emphasizing procedural safety and effective canal detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of antidepressant use on periodontal status: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Izabel C V de Oliveira, Heracílio de S Alencar-Júnior, Handreza R S S Campos, Vandilson P Rodrigues, Luciana S Branco-de-Almeida","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06317-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06317-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this review was to evaluate the influence of antidepressant use on inflammatory and clinical data related to periodontal status in animal and human studies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The potential risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE RoB or the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. For human studies, a meta-analysis was performed to compare periodontal parameters between users and non-users of antidepressants, and to estimate the mean difference using random effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria: eight were conducted on animal models, and four were human studies. Tianeptine, desipramine, imipramine, and fluoxetine effectively reduced alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis. Furthermore, desipramine, imipramine, and fluoxetine were observed to reduce the expressions of inflammatory markers in gingival tissue. The meta-analysis found no differences in the influence of antidepressant use on periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and gingival index between users and non-users. There was no standardization of the duration of use, type, and dosage of medication between studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Animal studies suggest antidepressants modulate the immunoinflammatory response and prevent alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis, but their impact on human periodontal status remains controversial. Standardized methods are needed to clarify antidepressant effects on the periodontium.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study informs health professionals that certain antidepressants may positively impact the periodontium, while also highlighting the need for further research evaluating their possible influence on the human periodontal condition and their potentially associated local/systemic adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional visualization of temporomandibular joint after occlusal changes using facial scanning techniques combined with single cone beam computed tomography.","authors":"Luyuan Yang, Yu Xie, Ruiming Guo, Xueyuan Li, Songhang Li","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06299-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06299-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Current cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) methods cannot demonstrate the temporomandibular joint fossa-condyle relationship in real time. This study aimed to print a simple guide plate with marker points and capture a single CBCT scan based on positional changes of the marker points to align the maxilla and mandible positions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The three groups were divided into the intercuspal position, 5 mm unilateral elevation, and 10 mm bilateral elevation to simulate different patient occlusal situations after treatment. The maxillary and mandibular positions were aligned according to points marked on the reference plate. Then, the deviation was compared between the three-dimensional images obtained employing this method and those reconstructed from CBCT. A one-way analysis of variance was conducted, and post hoc analyses were performed using the Tamhane's T2 multiple comparison test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intercuspal position had a mean deviation value of - 0.1313 with an RMS of 0.4411. The unilateral elevation had a mean deviation value of 0.3253 with an RMS of 1.2707. The bilateral elevation had a mean deviation value of - 0.0537 with an RMS of 1.281. There were no statistical differences among the three groups at α = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This method can reduce the number of CBCT scans to one and predict the relative positions of the maxilla and mandible when changes in joint position occur from occlusion. This method can increase the accuracy of treatment, assist novice doctors to adjust the occlusal height, provide a visual means to extract and verify the treatment effect, reduce the number of diagnoses and treatments to a certain extent, reduce the radiation damage during treatment, and can be better applied to the chair side, providing convenience for patients and doctors.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The method described in this study used a face scan, reference plate, and the first CBCT of the participant combined with 3D reconstruction to clinically observe the temporomandibular joint. This method can reduce the number of CBCT scans required, amount of radiation exposure, patient burden, and number of clinic visits while increasing the comfort level of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a 3D printed training model with realistic spatial-anatomical conditions for head and neck microsurgery.","authors":"Manuel Olmos, Joy Backhaus, Rainer Lutz, Christopher-Phillip Nobis, Sarah Koenig, Marco Kesting, Manuel Weber","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06314-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06314-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Although existing microsurgical models provide a high degree of realism in tissue properties, they often neglect the complex and constrained spatial-anatomical conditions typical of head and neck surgery. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Head and Neck Realistic Anatomical Condition Experience (RACE) model in enhancing microsurgical education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a microsurgical competency assessment tool and self-assessment questionnaires, the head and neck RACE model was evaluated through application in two student courses (10 participants) and one resident course (5 participants). In both groups, first the conventional chicken thigh model and then the RACE model were applied. Data were analyzed using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Welch's statistics to assess differences between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In pregraduate courses, the transition from the conventional chicken thigh model to the RACE model initially led to a decline across all eight microsurgical performance parameters (Q1.1-Q4.2). However, after an additional day of training with the RACE model, all parameters-except tissue-preserving technique (Q1.2) - returned to or significantly exceeded baseline levels (Q1.2 p = 0.373, Q1.3 p = 0.003, Q2.1 p < 0.001, Q2.2 p = 0.022, Q2.3 p = 0.008, Q3.1 = 0.014, Q4.1 p = 0.036, Q4.2 p = 0.002). Conversely, residents showed immediate improvement in all parameters, except for suture distance to the vessel's margin, upon switching to the RACE model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Head and neck RACE models provide a challenging and practical addition to microsurgery teaching.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The positive impact on learning outcomes in this area supports the development of RACE models in other areas of microsurgical and general medical training, and therefore the education of students and clinical practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Stress distribution in the closure of anterior maxillary diastemas using different restorative approaches: a finite element analysis.","authors":"Kevser Karakaya, Rahime Zeynep Erdem","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06302-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06302-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hard and soft tissue contour changes following simultaneous guided bone regeneration at single peri-implant dehiscence defects using either resorbable or non-resorbable membranes: a 6-month secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Franz J Strauss, David Schneider, Ronald E Jung, Riccardo Kraus, Daniel S Thoma, Nadja Naenni","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06322-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06322-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare radiographic and profilometric outcomes 6 months after simultaneous lateral guided bone regeneration (GBR) at single peri-implant dehiscence defects in the anterior region using either resorbable or non-resorbable membranes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In 27 patients with a single tooth gap in the anterior region (second premolar to second premolar in the maxilla) a dental implant was placed. Following implant placement GBR was performed at the buccal aspect using randomly either a resorbable collagen membrane (RES) or a non-resorbable titanium-reinforced ePTFE membrane (N-RES). Radiographic (cone-beam computed tomography; CBCT) measurements were performed to assess the buccal bone thickness immediately after the implant placement with simultaneous GBR (baseline) and 6 months later. Buccal soft tissue thickness was assessed by superimposing surface scans taken at baseline and again 6 months later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 25 datasets could be assessed for the bone dimensions (n = 12, RES; n = 13, N-RES) and 14 datasets for profilometric changes (n = 7, RES; n = 7, N-RES). Group RES showed a significant mean reduction in buccal bone between baseline and 6 months of 0.8 ± 0.4 mm (p = 0.004). The respective mean reduction for group N-RES amounted to 0.1 ± 0.4 mm (p = 0.581). When comparing the buccal bone changes between both group over time, group RES exhibited greater reduction in comparison to group N-RES (intergroup p = 0.017). Profilometric analyses showed a non-significant trend towards soft tissue gain in group RES 0.6 ± 0.7 mm (p = 0.125). Conversely, N-RES group revealed stability, with a mean change of 0.0 ± 0.3 mm (p = 1.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GBR using non-resorbable membranes seems to provide greater dimensional stability of augmented bone at 6 months re-entry and before implant loading compared to resorbable membranes. The lack of differences in the profilometric outcomes and contour changes may be explained by a partial compensation through an increase in soft tissue thickness with resorbable membranes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>GBR using non-resorbable membranes may offer greater dimensional stability of augmented bone compared to resorbable membranes. However, these potential benefits may be offset by a compensatory increase in soft tissue thickness when using resorbable membranes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The performance of silver diamine fluoride on bond strength and ultramorphology of universal adhesive to artificial carious dentin under thermocycling conditions.","authors":"Piyasanti Ajchareeya, Thariya Kunwara, Jiradechochai Panupong, Saikaew Pipop, Pawaputanon Na Mahasarakham Chantida","doi":"10.1007/s00784-025-06304-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-025-06304-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and resin-dentin interface of universal adhesive (etch-and-rinse mode) under thermocycling.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Artificial caries lesions were induced on human dentin discs using a bacterial model and divided into four groups: C (no treatment), CT (no treatment, thermocycling), CS (SDF), and CST (SDF, thermocycling). The treated-dentin surface was bonded with universal adhesive (etch-and-rinse mode) and stored for 24 h or subjected to 10,000 thermocycles. µTBS was performed with 1 mm/min crosshead speed with a 50 N load cell (n = 16/group). The resin-dentin interface was examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) (n = 3/group). Statistical analyses included two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests for µTBS and Fisher's Exact Test with Bonferroni correction for failure mode distribution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest bond strength was observed in C (24.28 ± 2.27 MPa) followed by CST (18.26 ± 5.63 MPa). Significantly lower µTBS was detected in CS (14.20 ± 3.32 MPa) and CT (12.72 ± 2.12 MPa). CT exhibited a distinct failure mode from the other groups (p < 0.05). CLSM revealed less uniform resin tags in CS and CST. EDX demonstrated silver deposition at 50 μm beneath the adhesive layer in CS and at 120 μm with lower intensity in CST.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SDF enhances bonding durability, as evidenced by increased µTBS and modified resin-dentin interface.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>SDF may enhance the durability of bonding with universal adhesive in etch-and-rinse mode.</p>","PeriodicalId":10461,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Oral Investigations","volume":"29 5","pages":"225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}