Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine最新文献_第2页

Transmission and Institutional Infection Control of TB-A Reexamination of Fundamental Strategies. 结核病的传播与机构感染控制——对基本策略的再审视。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041825

Edward A Nardell

{"title":"Transmission and Institutional Infection Control of TB-A Reexamination of Fundamental Strategies.","authors":"Edward A Nardell","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a041825","url":null,"abstract":"Although the airborne route of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been known for more than 60 years, and suspected long before that, there remains controversy over exactly how transmission occurs and how to prevent it. From an infectious particle perspective, the Wells-Riley equation simplifies understanding the interrelationship of some but not all relevant factors, and many assumptions are made that we know are untrue, like steady-state, well-mixed conditions, uniform virulence of infectious particles, and uniform susceptibility of exposed hosts. The source strength of infectious individuals is an important unknown factor. Retrospectively, the infection rate is used to calculate the infectious dose generation rate (quanta/h). A recent controversy is the importance of presymptomatic tuberculosis (TB) and quiet breathing as opposed to cough-generated aerosol. Early effective treatment rapidly reduces infectiousness from known and presymptomatic cases but requires active screening of high-risk populations. Environmental controls are essential for reducing transmission from presymptomatic and unsuspected cases. While masks for patients and respirators for healthcare workers are valuable in high-risk situations before appropriate treatment begins, their effectiveness is limited.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in the Drug Discovery and Development Pipeline and Emerging Drug Targets. 药物发现和开发管道和新兴药物靶点的进展。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-08-05 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041851

Divya Tiwari, Anthony Musaazi Kaweesa, Shannon Fox, Simon Tiberi

引用次数: 0

Malaria Parasite Genomics: Decentralization, Diversification, and Development Goals. 疟原虫基因组学：分散化、多样化和发展目标。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-08-05 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041861

Alfred Amambua-Ngwa, Daniel E Neafsey, Sarah K Volkman, Mamadou Alpha Diallo

引用次数: 0

Imaging of Disease-Related Networks in Parkinson's Disease. 帕金森病疾病相关网络的影像学研究

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-08-05 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041841

Yoshikazu Nakano, Martin Niethammer, David Eidelberg

{"title":"Imaging of Disease-Related Networks in Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Yoshikazu Nakano, Martin Niethammer, David Eidelberg","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041841","DOIUrl":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041841","url":null,"abstract":"Functional neuroimaging techniques are increasingly being used to advance the diagnosis and management of Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods such as [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET), resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) enable the identification of disease-specific patterns like the PD-related pattern (PDRP) and PD cognition-related pattern (PDCP), which correlate with motor and cognitive symptoms. Network analysis using graph theory further elucidates the alterations in brain connectivity associated with PD, providing insights into disease progression and response to treatment. Moreover, these neuroimaging patterns assist in distinguishing PD from atypical parkinsonian syndromes, enhancing diagnostic accuracy. Understanding the impact of genetic variants like LRRK2 and GBA1 on functional connectivity highlights the potential for precision medicine in PD. As neuroimaging technologies evolve, their integration into clinical practice will be pivotal in the personalized management of PD, offering improved diagnostic precision and targeted therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developmental Oncology: Principles and Therapy of Cancers of Children and Young Adults. 发展肿瘤学：儿童和青少年癌症的原理和治疗。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041847

Alex Kentsis, Alejandro Gutierrez

引用次数: 0

Parallels in Canonical Developmental Signaling Pathways between Normal Development and the Tumor Microenvironment. 正常发育和肿瘤微环境之间典型发育信号通路的相似之处。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041609

Julia Segal, James Cronk, Brendan Ball, Greta Forbes, Kailey Jackett, Kathy Li, Alondra Martinez Osorno, Emily San Andres Montalvan, Alice Browne, Jessica Lake, Rosandra N Kaplan

{"title":"Parallels in Canonical Developmental Signaling Pathways between Normal Development and the Tumor Microenvironment.","authors":"Julia Segal, James Cronk, Brendan Ball, Greta Forbes, Kailey Jackett, Kathy Li, Alondra Martinez Osorno, Emily San Andres Montalvan, Alice Browne, Jessica Lake, Rosandra N Kaplan","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041609","DOIUrl":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041609","url":null,"abstract":"The tumor microenvironment (TME) is comprised of both cellular and stromal elements and plays an essential role in the growth, survival, and dissemination of malignancies. The TME is an organized program that develops with a growing tumor, using many processes involved in normal tissue development. In multiple solid tumors, developmental pathways are used to recruit immunosuppressive cells, including immunosuppressive monocytes and neutrophils, tumor-associated macrophages, and regulatory T cells to block the antitumor immune response. In addition, stromal cells sustain tumor growth via trophic support, angiogenesis, repair mechanisms, and associated immunosuppression, driven, at least in part, by canonical developmental signaling pathways. The microenvironmental ecosystem shapes tumor progression from its earliest inception by modulating important programs that dictate tumor behavior, necessitating further consideration when studying the developmental origins of malignancy. Here, we review the role of developmental pathways in the formation and modulation of the TME in pediatric and adult solid tumors, including Wnt, Notch, Hippo, Hedgehog, TGF-β, BMP, SOX, and OCT.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13322072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dermatophytes: Global Pandemic, Multidrug Resistance, Human-to-Human, and Sexual Transmission. 皮肤真菌：全球大流行、多药耐药性、人与人之间的传播和性传播。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a042004

Aditya K Gupta, Tong Wang, Anuradha Chowdhary

{"title":"Dermatophytes: Global Pandemic, Multidrug Resistance, Human-to-Human, and Sexual Transmission.","authors":"Aditya K Gupta, Tong Wang, Anuradha Chowdhary","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a042004","DOIUrl":"10.1101/cshperspect.a042004","url":null,"abstract":"We are witnessing a sea change in the epidemiology of dermatophytosis. While commonly perceived as a mild infection of skin, hair, or nails, new human pathogens have emerged from the zoophilic Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex-Trichophyton indotineae and T. mentagrophytes internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genotype VII-that has caused a paradigm shift in management. Trichophyton indotineae has become the main etiological agent in the Indian subcontinent, characterized by widespread, sometimes severe, infection in immunocompetent individuals, and resistance to one or multiple standard antifungals. The evolution of terbinafine resistance has significant healthcare implications worldwide, while itraconazole resistance is also being reported. On the other hand, outbreaks of sexually transmissible T. mentagrophytes ITS genotype VII has changed our understanding of dermatophyte transmission. Healthcare providers are often challenged by the lack of testing capacity to diagnose and inform treatment decision-making. Continued advocacy and collaboration efforts are warranted.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13322059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147970885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Imaging Modalities in Tuberculosis. 肺结核的影像学。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041827

Jamshed B Bomanji, Fawziah Alorfi, Sarah Algodayan, Alimuddin Zumla, Narainder Gupta, Parveen Gulati, Chandan J Das

{"title":"Imaging Modalities in Tuberculosis.","authors":"Jamshed B Bomanji, Fawziah Alorfi, Sarah Algodayan, Alimuddin Zumla, Narainder Gupta, Parveen Gulati, Chandan J Das","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041827","DOIUrl":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041827","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, with increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extrapulmonary forms complicating diagnosis and management. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the early detection, characterization, and treatment monitoring of TB, particularly when clinical or microbiological findings are inconclusive. Modalities such as chest radiography, computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with CT (18F-fluorodeoxyglucose [18F-FDG PET-CT]) provide critical insights into pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and disseminated TB. While chest X-ray is a first-line tool, CT and MRI offer superior anatomical detail, and PET-CT adds metabolic evaluation, aiding differentiation of active versus inactive disease and monitoring therapeutic response. Imaging is especially valuable in TB involving the central nervous system (CNS), musculoskeletal system, abdomen, and genitourinary tract. Advanced techniques and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven tools hold promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding personalized treatment. This review comprehensively reviews the imaging spectrum of TB, underscoring its evolving role across the disease continuum.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13322062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147580774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive Immunity and Parkinson's Disease. 适应性免疫和帕金森病

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041639

Wassim Elyaman

引用次数: 0

The Biology of Malaria Parasite Liver Infection. 疟疾寄生虫肝脏感染生物学。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041857

Lucia Pazzagli, Hardik Patel, Stefan H I Kappe, Ashley M Vaughan

引用次数: 0