Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser on Melanogenesis in Human Melanocytes and Vitiligo Mouse Models","authors":"Hui Tang, Xiaoxia Ding, Youming Huang, Danfeng Xu, Yibin Fan","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s445131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s445131","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Introduction:</strong> Vitiligo is an acquired skin pigmentation disorder, the cause of which is poorly understood. Researchers in this field are dedicated to exploring novel treatments for achieving re-pigmentation.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> Mice were randomly selected and divided into control, model, and model+laser groups. Evaluate the impact of different levels of carbon dioxide laser irradiation on tyrosinase activity, melanocyte viability, and melanin content.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> In this study, it was found that the cell viability and melanin content were significantly enhanced in human melanocytes after treatment with different energy densities of fractional carbon dioxide laser. In addition, laser-treated vitiligo mouse models showed mild pathological changes.<br/><strong>Discussion:</strong> Therefore, we believe that fractional carbon dioxide laser may be a potential adjunctive modality for treating vitiligo.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> vitiligo, fractional carbon dioxide laser, melanocytes, melanogenesis, vitiligo mouse models<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Case Report of Primary Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis During Ixekizumab Treatment for Plaque Psoriasis","authors":"Yuan Li, Jiejie Lu, Jingqiu Fu","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s475486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s475486","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Biologic agents have become a mainstay in the treatment of psoriasis, particularly in moderate to severe, refractory, and special types of the disease. Among these, ixekizumab is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-17A, approved for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Its adverse effects include infections such as nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infections, and injection site reactions. While the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) associated with IL-17A antagonists is extremely low, this paper reports a case of active pulmonary tuberculosis occurring after ten doses of ixekizumab treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis. This highlights the importance for clinicians to remain vigilant regarding tuberculosis infection in patients undergoing therapy with this class of medications, emphasizing the need for enhanced screening and monitoring for tuberculosis during treatment.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> interleukin-17A antagonists, ixekizumab, psoriasis, primary active pulmonary tuberculosis<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Non-Pharmacologic Therapy in Hair Loss Treatment and Hair Regrowth","authors":"Xinlyu Huang, Pengxiang Zhao, Gongjie Zhang, Xiangxi Su, Hanlin Li, Huizi Gong, Xuemei Ma, Fang Liu","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s471754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s471754","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Purpose:</strong> Alopecia significantly affects the appearance and psychology of patients, and pharmacological therapies and hair transplantation are the main treatments for alopecia, but both have limitations. This review aimed to summarize the non-pharmacological therapies that promote hair growth and regeneration.<br/><strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> This is a non-systematic review. Multiple databases was searched with relevant data published between 1997 and 2024. Searching and screening followed the PRISMA guidelines.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> Novel therapeutic modalities, such as gas molecules, platelet-rich plasma, laser, and microneedling, can change the microenvironment of hair follicles, activate hair follicle stem cells, and promote hair growth and regeneration.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This paper reviews research on the application of non-pharmacological therapies in alopecia treatment and hair regeneration, with a view to providing an important basis for future research on alopecia treatment and the postoperative treatment of patients after hair transplantation.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> alopecia, hair regrowth, non-pharmacologic, gas therapy, regenerative cellular therapy, laser therapy, microneedle therapy<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Enhances Drug Penetration into the Human Skin in the Franz Diffusion Cell","authors":"Seung-Won Lee, Boncheol Leo Goo","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s457145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s457145","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Purpose:</strong> High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-assisted drug delivery is a non-invasive tool to deliver drugs to targeted areas, currently used mainly for treating cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, in terms of transdermal drug delivery, HIFU technology is still poorly understood. Accordingly, this study sought to investigate the effectiveness of HIFU on drug penetration into the skin using human skin tissues.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> Gel-type drugs whose ingredient is glutathione were labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, in turn the drugs were allowed to penetrate to the human skin tissue in the Franz diffusion cell for 24 hours in control and HIFU treatment groups, and their fluorescence intensity was measured using a multiple microplate reader at one, two, six, and 24 hours after drug application. In addition, tissue slice analysis was performed in each tissue slice at 24 hours post-drug application. The % area, fluorescence intensity per area, and penetration depth of the drug were measured using a fluorescence microscope.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> The fluorescence intensity increased with time in all groups. Specifically, at 24 hours after drug application, the fluorescence intensity (a.u). of the 10-shot HIFU treatment group was significantly enhanced compared to that of the control group (p &lt; 0.05). The tissue slice analysis demonstrated that the % area of fluorescent drug and the fluorescence intensity per area (a.u.) were all significantly increased in both HIFU treatment groups compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05, p &lt; 0.001). In addition, the penetration depth (μm) also markedly rose in both HIFU treatment groups compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.05).<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> It was demonstrated for the first time that HIFU significantly facilitated topical drug penetration into the human skin, strongly implying that HIFU can be a useful option for transdermal drug delivery.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> HIFU, transdermal drug delivery, sonophoresis, fluorescence analysis<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Treatment of Generalized Facial Verrucae Vulgaris with a Combination of Curettage and Photodynamic Therapy in an Adolescent: A Case Report","authors":"Na Zhang, Xinru Chen, Tianhui Ye, Hongping Ge, Xiaoli Zhai, Jun Wu, Min Zhang, Meiyan Wang","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s470435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s470435","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Verrucae vulgaris are highly contagious keratotic lesions occurring on the skin caused by human papillomavirus. Generally, verrucae vulgaris are harmless to the body, but when they occur in specific areas such as the face or soles of the feet, they can profoundly impact an individual’s quality of life and necessitate therapeutic intervention. Although several pharmacological and physical topical treatments are available, the results are often unsatisfactory in terms of efficacy and cosmetic outcome. Verrucae which typically occur widely on the face are usually Verrucae Planae. When Verrucae vulgaris does occur, it usually presents as single or occasional multiple lesions, rather than covering almost the entire face. In immunocompromised situations, verruca vulgaris can exhibit rare proliferative behavior. In this report, we present a 17-year-old male adolescent who was successfully treated for generalized facial verrucae vulgaris by using a combination of curettage and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The patient’s prolonged use of topical corticosteroids and tacrolimus ointment on the face for eczema over several years is believed to have led to a localized immunosuppressive state of the facial skin, which is considered a significant factor in the outbreak of verrucae vulgaris. Additionally, the patient has a history of acne and frequently scratched face. The appearance of the Koebner phenomenon following scratching is considered another potential reason. This treatment achieved complete resolution and improved the patient’s pre-existing acne problem, resulting in a satisfactory cosmetic outcome without any notable adverse effects or recurrence during the follow-up period. This highlighted that pre-treatment with curettage before PDT enhanced the efficiency of verrucae vulgaris treatment and reduced the cost.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> photodynamic therapy, curettage, verruca vulgaris, adolescent, cosmetic<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxocariasis and Strongyloidiasis as Triggering Factors for Wells’ Syndrome","authors":"Hendra Gunawan, Zulfan Zulfan","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s464192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s464192","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Wells’ syndrome is a rare inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritic erythematous lesions and cutaneous edema, often accompanied by eosinophilia. Parasitic infestations, such as toxocariasis and strongyloidiasis, can serve as triggers. However, Wells’ syndrome associated with toxocariasis and strongyloidiasis has not been reported previously in Indonesia. Herein, we present a case of a 27-year-old male with a chief complaint of recurrent, pruritic, and painful erythematous rash on the right lower leg for 6 months, accompanied by fever and diarrhea. Physical examination showed cutaneous edema with erythematous macules and bullae on the affected leg. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was noted, and the histopathological analysis demonstrated flame figures, confirming the diagnosis of Wells’ syndrome. A stool culture identified <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em>, confirming strongyloidiasis, and serological testing was positive for toxocariasis immunoglobulin G antibodies. The patient was treated with albendazole 400 mg twice daily for 3 weeks resulted in clinical improvement observed by the 14th day. The diverse clinical features of Wells’ syndrome present a challenge to clinicians in making an accurate diagnosis, which typically hinges on histopathological assessment and identifying flame figures. Therefore, clinicopathological correlation is important to establish an accurate diagnosis.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> strongyloidiasis, toxocariasis, Wells’ syndrome<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Tenascin-C in Hypertrophic Scar Formation: Insights from Cell and Animal Experiments","authors":"Wei Xiang, Zhen Guo, Yiming Zhang, Yuanzhi Xu","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s461760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s461760","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> Hypertrophic scars (HS) are dermal diseases characterized by excessive fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition following burns or trauma. While Tenascin-C (TNC)’s role in promoting visceral fibrosis has been established, its impact on skin tissue fibrosis remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of TNC on HS.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> RNA sequence and IHC techniques were used to examine the upregulation of TNC gene in human hypertrophic scar tissue compared to normal tissues. Knockdown of TNC in Human skin fibroblasts (HFF-1) cells was achieved, and expression of Col1 and Col3 was evaluated using qPCR. Sirius red collagen staining assessed impact on total collagen content and ECM deposition. Effects on cell proliferation and migration were investigated through cck-8 and cell scratch experiments. Lentivirus infection was used to knock out TNC, and resulting samples were injected into ear wound of rabbits. Effects of TNC knockout on ear scar formation were measured using digital morphology, ultrasound, SEI, H&amp;E, and Masson trichrome methods.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> Cell experiments: downregulation of TNC decreased Col1 and Col3 expression, leading to reduced collagen production and extracellular matrix deposition. It did not affect HFF-1 cell proliferation and migration. Animal experiments: TNC knockdown promoted wound healing and reduced collagen deposition in rabbit ears.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study suggests that knocking down TNC inhibits collagen formation and extracellular matrix deposition, thereby inhibiting hypertrophic scar formation. Therefore, TNC can be considered a potential biomarker for HS formation and may offer promising treatment strategies for clinical management of hypertrophic scars.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141608973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acral Folliculocentric Extragenital Lichen Sclerosus: A Case Report","authors":"Khalid M Al-Husain, Abdulaziz Madani, Ahmed Alhumidi, Turky Alsehli, Khalid Nabil Nagshabandi","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s471363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s471363","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Introduction:</strong> Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory dermatological condition of unknown etiology, primarily impacting the genital epidermis in individuals of all genders, with a higher prevalence observed among postmenopausal women and prepubescent girls. Additionally, extragenital manifestations occur in approximately 20% of the patients diagnosed with genital lichen sclerosus. Notably, folliculocentric extragenital lichen sclerosus is rare and unusual, with only limited instances documented in existing literature.<br/><strong>Case Description:</strong> We report a 33 years old lady presented with multiple asymptomatic lesions on the dorsal feet for 1 year and similar lesions on the left hand for 4 months. On examination: folliculocentric, shiny, atrophic papules coalescing into reticulated plaques over the dorsum of both feet and few shiny, flat-topped, pink papules over the dorsum of the left hand. A skin biopsy was performed and confirmed the diagnosis of extragenital lichen sclerosus.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Acral folliculocentric extragenital lichen sclerosus is an unusual and rare clinical variant. Clinicopathologic correlation is necessary to establish the correct diagnosis.<br/><strong>Contribution to the Literature:</strong> Herein, we present an unusual presentation of extragenital lichen sclerosus, and we highlight the importance of considering it in the differential diagnosis of guttate acral skin lesions. We also review and summarize relevant cases from the literature in hope to aid physicians, especially dermatologists, to consider and swiftly reach the diagnosis and offer appropriate management. We also hope to bring about new insights and broaden future research efforts regarding lichen sclerosus especially and atrophic skin disease in general.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, lichen sclerosus, morphea, anetoderma<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on the Correlation of Atopic Dermatitis with Gut Microbiota","authors":"Qiuyu Mao, Xinyi Wang, Haibin Cai, Jingyi Yang, Yiwen Zhang, Wei Min, Qihong Qian, Yibin Zeng","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s442551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s442551","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease, the pathogenesis of which has not been fully elucidated. The gut microbiota is the largest micro-ecosystem in the human body that affects the immune system and skin barrier function. Recent studies have shown that in addition to the environmental factors, skin barrier, genetic factors and immune response, gut microbiota disturbance may also cause AD. This review described the correlation of AD with gut microbiota and existing research status of AD treatment via targeting gut microbiota.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> atopic dermatitis, gut microbiota, fecal microbiota transplantation<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Collagen Dermal Filler with Lidocaine for the Correction of Nasolabial Folds: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Clinical Trial","authors":"Chin-Yi Yang, Ya-Ching Chang, Hao-Chih Tai, Yi-Hua Liao, Yu-Huei Huang, Rosaline Chung-Yee Hui, Yuan-Sung Kuo, Shyue-Yih Horng, Yi-Shuan Sheen, Tim-Mo Chen, Yuan-Sheng Tzeng, Chih-Hsin Wang, Shou-Cheng Teng, Chun-Kai Oscar Chang, Chang-Yi Chou","doi":"10.2147/ccid.s447760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s447760","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Purpose:</strong> Porcine-based dermal injectable collagen is effective for nasolabial fold correction. In the present study, a new dermal injectable collagen, incorporating a novel cross-linking technology and premixed with lidocaine, was introduced. The study aimed to determine the efficacy of the new dermal injectable collagen in improving bilateral nasolabial fold wrinkles, and reducing pain during injection.<br/><strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> This prospective, double-blind, multicenter, parallel-group, randomized trial enrolled participants with moderate-to-severe bilateral nasolabial fold wrinkles from February 2019 to March 2021. Participants were randomly assigned to the test group (new dermal injectable collagen with lidocaine featuring a novel cross-linking technology) or control group (traditionally cross-linked dermal injectable collagen with lidocaine). Participants were monitored for adverse events (AEs), and for pain using the Thermometer Pain Scale (TPS) and a visual analog scale (VAS). Efficacy was measured using the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS) and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS).<br/><strong>Results:</strong> On the poor or better sides, the 2 groups exhibited a significant decrease in WSRS scores at 4, 12, 24, and 36 weeks after treatment, compared to baseline WSRS scores (all, p &lt; 0.05). Compared to the control group, the test group had a greater decrease in WSRS score (poor or better sides) at 12, 24, 36, and 52 weeks after treatment (all, p &lt; 0.05). A similar observation was also found in the WSRS response rate and GAIS score of the 2 groups. VAS and TPS scores were not significantly different between the 2 groups (p &gt; 0.05), indicating that pain reduction was similar in the 2 groups. All AEs were anticipated AEs associated with facial aesthetic injections, and most recovered within 0 to 30 days without sequelae. There were no differences in AEs between the 2 groups (all, p &gt; 0.05).<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The new dermal injectable collagen with lidocaine exhibited better efficacy for correcting nasolabial fold wrinkles compared to the control group. Both relieved pain and produced only transient and tolerable AEs.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> adverse event, bilateral nasolabial folds, dermal filler, pain, porcine collagen, wrinkles<br/>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}