Clinical Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"A systematic review of early neuroimaging and neurophysiological biomarkers for post-stroke mobility prognostication.","authors":"Cristina Levy, Emily J Dalton, Jennifer K Ferris, Bruce Cv Campbell, Amy Brodtmann, Sandra Brauer, Leonid Churilov, Kathryn S Hayward","doi":"10.1177/02692155261467649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02692155261467649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivePrognostication may help guide mobility rehabilitation planning and goal setting post-stroke. This systematic review aimed to examine the prognostic capacity of early neuroimaging and neurophysiological biomarkers of mobility outcomes up to 24 months post-stroke.Data sourcesMEDLINE/EMBASE was searched from inception to May 2026. Cohort studies that reported neuroimaging or neurophysiological biomarkers measured <14 days post-stroke and mobility outcome(s) assessed >14 days but ≤24 months post-stroke were included.Review methodsBiomarker analyses were classified by statistical analysis approach (association, discrimination/classification, validation). Magnitude of relevant statistical measures was the primary indicator of prognostic capacity. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool.ResultsTwenty-six reports from 23 independent study samples (n = 2678 participants) were included. Biomarkers were measured a median of 9.3 days post-stroke, and outcomes were assessed between 1 and 24 months. One hundred and nine biomarker analyses were identified (84 neuroimaging, 25 neurophysiological). Most analyses were association (88%), and few were discrimination/classification (10%) and validation (2%). Structural and functional corticospinal tract integrity metrics were frequently investigated, but findings were mostly small or non-significant. Lesion location and size findings were also commonly examined, but findings were inconsistent. Common methodological limitations included small sample sizes, moderate to high risk of bias, poor magnitude reporting and heterogeneous outcomes and follow-up timepoints.ConclusionCurrent evidence is insufficient to support the use of early neuroimaging and neurophysiological biomarkers for post-stroke mobility prognostication. International collaboration using harmonised methodologies, standardised statistical reporting and consistent outcome measures and timepoints is needed to generate meaningful prognostic information to guide rehabilitation.RegistrationCRD42022350771.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261467649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148758550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple-adverse health conditions, mental health, and health-related quality of life in stroke survivors: Latent profile analysis and mediation analysis.","authors":"Yuyang Zhang, Yulu Wang, Yujiao Hao, Yang Li, Bingxin Ma, Jin Yang, Jiali Zheng, Xiaojun Zhang, Yaogang Wang, Mei Lin, Yue Zhao, Qi Lu","doi":"10.1177/02692155261478022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02692155261478022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify subgroups of stroke survivors based on multiple-adverse health conditions and determine the potential mediation effects of mental health in their relationship with health-related quality of life.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThree tertiary hospitals in Tianjin, China.ParticipantsA total of 558 stroke survivors were recruited between March and June 2023.Main measuresMultiple-adverse health conditions (multimorbidity, frailty and disability) were assessed using the age-corrected Charlson Comorbidity Index, FRAIL Scale, and Barthel Index. Mental health was measured with Patient Health Questionnaire-4, and health-related quality of life was evaluated using the EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level scale. Latent profile analysis identified subgroups, and mediation analysis explored mental health's role.ResultsThree subgroups were identified: Mild (65.4%, <i>n = </i>365), Moderate (17.4%, <i>n = </i>97), and Severe (17.2%, <i>n = </i>96). Mediation analysis showed that, compared with the Mild subgroup, survivors in the Moderate subgroup (<i>β</i> = 0.138, 95% CI: 0.055 to 0.232) and the Severe subgroup (<i>β</i> = 0.217, 95% CI: 0.113 to 0.316) exhibited worse mental health, and poorer mental health was associated with lower health-related quality of life (<i>β</i> = -0.119, 95% CI: -0.170 to -0.075).ConclusionsThis study suggests heterogeneity in multiple-adverse health conditions and indicates that mental health may partially account for the association between these conditions and health-related quality of life in stroke survivors. The findings highlight the need for further research into subgroup-specific interventions-with particular attention to mental health-to determine whether such approaches could improve health-related quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261478022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and acceptability of the breakfast group intervention BISTRo for stroke survivors in acute rehabilitation.","authors":"Natalie Jones, Susan Mawson, Avril Drummond, Alicia O'Cathain","doi":"10.1177/02692155261476634","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02692155261476634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility and acceptability of a co-designed breakfast group intervention, BISTRo, delivered within an acute stroke rehabilitation service.DesignMultisite mixed-methods feasibility study.SettingThree National Health Service stroke rehabilitation wards in the United Kingdom.ParticipantsSixteen stroke survivors and 53 multidisciplinary staff from occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech and language therapy, dietetics, nursing, and psychology.InterventionA structured breakfast group, delivered on five mornings a week over two weeks, integrating social dining, peer support, multidisciplinary rehabilitation, and functional eating and drinking practice.MethodsAttendance, attrition, and therapy dose were recorded. Patient-reported outcomes included a self-confidence Likert scale and subscales of the Confidence after Stroke Measure. Semi-structured interviews with stroke survivors and staff focus groups explored acceptability. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using feasibility and acceptability frameworks.ResultsSixteen stroke survivors participated across all wards, with high attendance (mean 8.9 sessions/standard deviation 1.45 out of 10), no intervention-related withdrawals, and complete data collection. Fifteen participants improved on the self-confidence measure. Positive attitude scores improved in eight participants, remained stable in five, and declined in three. In interviews with stroke survivors (<i>n</i> = 12) and focus groups with staff (<i>n</i> = 21), BISTRo was described as meaningful, confidence-building, and socially supportive. Staff also reported improved interdisciplinary working and manageable resource demands.ConclusionsDelivery of the BISTRo breakfast group was feasible and acceptable and warrants further evaluation. Conducting this feasibility study has enabled identification of potential changes to the trial design.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261476634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148720818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue after ischaemic stroke: A five-year longitudinal study of prevalence and latent trajectory subgroups.","authors":"Kristin Haugskott Tiller, Hild Fjærtoft, Siw Tone Innstrand, Stian Lydersen, Heather Allore, Geske Luzum, Fredrik Ildstad, Bent Indredavik","doi":"10.1177/02692155261476638","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02692155261476638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and longitudinal course of post-stroke fatigue and identify subgroups with distinct fatigue trajectories up to 5 years post-stroke.DesignA prospective, longitudinal, multi-centre cohort study.SettingHospital stroke units in the Central-Norway health region.ParticipantsIncident ischaemic stroke patients were recruited during acute hospitalisation between June 2015 and November 2017. Data were collected during the hospital stay and at 3 months, 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years.Main measuresFatigue was assessed using the 7-item Fatigue Severity Scale with <u>></u>5 as cut-off to define clinical fatigue.ResultsA total of 693 participants were included. The prevalence of clinical fatigue was 24% (3 months), 28% (1 year), 30% (3 years), and 28% (5 years). A Sankey diagram illustrated substantial variability in fatigue status across time points. Using group-based trajectory modelling, four latent subgroups with distinct fatigue trajectories were identified: (1) low fatigue, (2) emerging fatigue, (3) improving fatigue, and (4) high fatigue.ConclusionOne quarter to one third of the study population consistently exhibited fatigue up to 5 years post-stroke. High variability in fatigue status over time was evident, indicating individual-level heterogeneity in the longitudinal course. This was further confirmed by the identification of four latent subgroups with distinct post-stroke fatigue trajectories. Early detection of individuals at risk of an adverse fatigue trajectory and differentiated follow-up may improve outcomes for stroke survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261476638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148720831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and mental health-related quality of life outcomes of non-pharmacological interventions in early multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Adam Dawidziuk, Delfina Popiel","doi":"10.1177/02692155261474089","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02692155261474089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo determine the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on physical and mental health-related quality of life among adults with early diagnosed multiple sclerosis.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and APA PsycINFO were searched from database inception to 8 July 2026.Review methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing non-pharmacological interventions with control conditions in adults with early-stage multiple sclerosis and minimal disability. Outcomes were physical and mental health-related quality of life after treatment and at follow-up. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Effects were pooled using standardised mean differences.ResultsEleven randomised controlled trials including 696 participants were included. The updated search identified no additional eligible trials. Interventions included exercise, physiotherapy, balance training, cognitive rehabilitation and behavioural therapies. After treatment, interventions produced a small improvement in physical health-related quality of life, with a standardised mean difference of 0.28 and a 95% confidence interval from 0.11 to 0.46. The effect on mental health-related quality of life was smaller and uncertain, with a standardised mean difference of 0.16 and a 95% confidence interval from -0.04 to 0.35. Follow-up effects were not clearly sustained.ConclusionNon-pharmacological interventions may provide modest short-term physical health-related quality-of-life benefits. Effects on mental health-related quality of life and digitally delivered rehabilitation remain uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261474089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148724041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaches to influencing leisure participation following stroke: A scoping review.","authors":"Kathryn Jarvis, Matthew J Reeves, Joanna Harrison, Cath Harris, Zain Patel, Katie Cairns, Catherine E Lightbody, Caroline Watkins","doi":"10.1177/02692155261474051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02692155261474051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo review the extent of the available evidence, and to identify and describe the approaches that have been used to facilitate leisure participation following stroke.Data sourcesEmbase, Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED and Cochrane Library were searched between 1989 and June 2026 for studies (quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods) reporting an intervention that addressed leisure and measured the impact on post-stroke leisure participation.Review methodsEstablished scoping review methods guided data extraction with a piloted data charting tool, appraisal utilising Quality Assessment for Diverse Studies (QuADS), and meta-narrative (quantitative findings) and meta-aggregation (qualitative findings) synthesised using a Convergent Segregated Approach.ResultsWe included 28 studies (2588 participants). Most interventions to address leisure participation were face-to-face (93%) and delivered in the community (82%). Interventions were diverse and heterogeneous; however, 8/28 incorporated leisure education/counselling. Quantitative studies reported 12 distinct measures of leisure participation. A positive impact on leisure participation was reported in 13/22 studies reporting quantitative findings and 8/8 studies reporting qualitative findings. Studies were limited by poor reporting of delivery, 'dose' and methodological quality.ConclusionFuture research needs to explore the role of leisure education/counselling, recognise the importance of motivation, social connectedness and hope, and address barriers to leisure participation. Leisure interventions should be co-created with people that have lived experience of stroke. Programme theory, core components of the intervention and delivery methods must be clearly articulated to enable replication. Future studies should capture psychosocial outcomes alongside leisure participation and satisfaction, and assess long-term impact of interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261474051"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor learning in children with movement difficulties: A modified Delphi study of influencing factors.","authors":"Turgay Altunalan, Safiye Gül Özkan, Elif Balki, Ayşe Sav Gürbüz, Burhan Sancakdar","doi":"10.1177/02692155261474849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02692155261474849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo identify key factors influencing motor learning in children with motor difficulties and to examine the level of agreement and disagreement among paediatric physiotherapists regarding these factors within contemporary and conventional paradigms.DesignA three-round modified Delphi study using online questionnaires.ParticipantsThe study included 16 experienced paediatric physiotherapists in the first round, of whom 14 (87.5%) completed all three rounds.Main MeasuresIn Round 1, experts identified factors via open-ended questions. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants rated their agreement on a 5-point Likert scale. Consensus was defined using mean scores (mean ≥ 4.0), coefficient of variation (≤ 30%) and percentage agreement (≥ 70%). Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) was used to assess inter-rater agreement on prioritisation.ResultsFrom an initial 646 items, 251 factors reached consensus by Round 3. High levels of agreement were observed for factors aligned with contemporary motor learning paradigms (e.g. child motivation, goal-directed activity, family involvement). However, experts simultaneously reached consensus on conventional, impairment-based strategies (e.g. normalisation of tone, restriction of atypical movement). Despite high agreement on item importance, Kendall's W (0.244) indicated weak agreement on the relative prioritisation of these factors.ConclusionsThe participating experts endorsed a dual-consensus, valuing both active motor learning principles and traditional impairment-based normalisation. This coexistence highlights an apparent translational gap between current theoretical evidence and clinical practice. The identified framework has the potential to inform curriculum development to bridge conventional approaches and contemporary evidence-based paediatric rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261474849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of gliding and resistance exercises on median nerve and tendon ultrasound elastography in carpal tunnel syndrome: Prospective, randomised, three-arm, parallel-group trial.","authors":"Jošt Peterca, Žiga Snoj, Gregor Omejec","doi":"10.1177/02692155261462437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02692155261462437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of gliding and resistance exercises on median nerve and third flexor digitorum superficialis tendon shear wave velocity in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.DesignProspective, randomised, three-arm, parallel-group trial.SettingAt the Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology.ParticipantsA total of 102 patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome aged 20-80 years (51.5 ± 12.9 years; 85.3% female).InterventionParticipants were randomised to the Gliding Exercise group, the Resistance Exercise group or the Control group. Participants in the exercise groups performed daily home-based gliding or low-load resistance exercises for 3 weeks, whereas controls received no intervention. At baseline and follow-up, shear wave velocity of the median nerve and the third flexor digitorum superficialis tendon was measured longitudinally at the carpal tunnel inlet, and the cross-sectional area of the median nerve was measured at the carpal tunnel inlet and 10 cm proximally to the distal wrist crease.Main measuresThe primary outcome was the change in median nerve shear wave velocity at the carpal tunnel inlet. Secondary outcomes were changes in the third flexor digitorum superficialis tendon shear wave velocity and median nerve cross-sectional area at the same level.ResultsNinety-one participants completed the post-intervention assessment. No significant changes were observed in primary or secondary outcome measures despite improvements in self-reported symptoms in the gliding exercise group compared to controls.ConclusionShort-term exercise-based interventions do not modify median nerve or tendon elasticity in mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome. Symptom improvement may occur through mechanisms other than changes in tissue stiffness.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261462437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International multidisciplinary consensus recommendations for the screening and assessment of post-stroke spatial neglect using an online Delphi method.","authors":"Lindy J Williams, Timothy J Rich, Peii Chen, Gail Eskes, Jocelyn Kernot, Susan Hillier, Tobias Loetscher, Alzbeta Namesna, Mauro Mancuso, Kimberly Hreha, Helena Fordell, Audrey Bowen","doi":"10.1177/02692155261465653","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02692155261465653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DesignOnline Delphi method with five survey rounds and one virtual meeting to achieve international multidisciplinary recommendations for the screening and assessment of spatial neglect in clinical practice.Participants175 experts with ≥5 publications in spatial neglect were invited.Main MeasuresSurveys were developed from a published review. Working definitions were provided for clarity: screening (as applicable for all stroke survivors) and assessment (conducted if positive screen). Participants rated the importance of screening and assessment of each spatial neglect subtype, and preferences for measurement tools. Consensus was pre-defined as ≥75% agreement. Participants could also provide explanatory free text responses. After each round, participants received summarised results to inform subsequent rounds. A final meeting focused on assessment items without consensus.Results66 experts participated in Round 1, representing 15 countries and six disciplines; with 29 in the final 5th Round and nine attended the meeting. There was consensus that: all survivors should be screened for spatial neglect within 2 weeks post stroke; and those screening positive should have a comprehensive assessment of all subtypes of spatial neglect. Several tools reached consensus with shortlists for some subtypes.ConclusionThis work presents international, multidisciplinary recommendations on screening and assessment, developed by experts from 15 countries and six disciplines; however, attrition across rounds and a small consensus meeting (n = 9) may limit the representativeness of some tool-specific decisions. Implementing these findings may improve the detection of spatial neglect in clinical practice. Further research exploring psychometrics (validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity) of shortlisted tools will support a full clinical protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"2692155261465653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an easy-read version of the Brain Injury associated Visual Impairment - Impact Questionnaire (BIVI-IQ).","authors":"Lauren R Hepworth, Claire Howard, Janet Rockliffe, Jamie J Kirkham, Gill Pearl, Fiona J Rowe","doi":"10.1177/02692155261424458","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02692155261424458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThe Brain Injury associated Visual Impairment - Impact Questionnaire (BIVI-IQ) was developed to measure the impact of post-brain injury visual impairment. Communication and cognitive impairments are common brain injury sequelae and a barrier to completing standard patient reported outcome measures. The objective of this study was to develop and refine an easy-read version in order to meet recommendations to promote self-reporting.DesignEasy-read version development involved stakeholder input at several meetings. An iterative refinement process was used, involving a cognitive interview, until no new issues were identified.ParticipantsStroke survivors with visual impairment and/or aphasia and relevant healthcare professional were involved in the development stage. The clinical study recruited 12 stroke survivors with visual impairment.Main measuresParticipants completed the easy-read and standard versions. The researcher documented observations and time taken. Analysis assessed association and agreement between the two versions.ResultsDevelopment considered the structure, image selection and key words. Four iterations were used before five consecutive participants reported no new issues. Image amendments involved replacing four, revising four and adding three across eight of the 13 items. A preference for the easy-read version was reported by 45.5% completing both questionnaires (n = 11). A significant, strong positive correlation was found between the easy-read and standard version total scores. Weighted Kappa found significant agreement between 12 items.ConclusionsThe easy-read version, using images to support the question wording, will increase accessibility for brain injury survivors with communication and/or cognitive difficulties. It is acceptable and further evaluation of this version is now required.</p>","PeriodicalId":10441,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1035-1048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}