The Oxford Visual Perception Screen: Development and normative data of a standardised assessment for visual perception difficulties.

ObjectiveWe aimed to develop and standardise a practical systematic screening tool for visual perception impairments after a stroke to replace current subjective methods.DesignA mixed methods study including a cross-sectional study and a case series.SettingIn the community and on stroke rehabilitation units.ParticipantsOlder volunteers without a neurological history contributed to normative data. Patients with ocular conditions or a stroke took part in our case series.InstrumentThe Oxford Visual Perception Screen.Main measuresFor each task of the Oxford Visual Perception Screen, we determined 5^th centile cut-off scores. We further explored effects of age, visual acuity and gender on visual perception through generalised linear models.ResultsOxford Visual Perception Screen is a 15-min paper-and-pen assessment comprising 10 tasks including picture naming, star counting and reading. Normative data of 107 participants demonstrated persistent high performance with most cut-offs near ceiling. Apart from the Figure Copy (Z = 6.57, p < 0.001) and Global Shape Perception task (Z = 3.32, p < 0.001) we found no evidence for an effect of visual acuity on OxVPS. An effect of age was only observed in the Face Recognition (Z = 3.61, p < 0.001) and Reading task (Z = -3.50, p < 0.001). No effects of gender were observed. A series of eight cases illustrates the interpretation of OxVPS.ConclusionWe present the Oxford Visual Perception Screen, a standardised visual perception screening tool alongside normative data and illustrative cases. The Oxford Visual Perception Screen can potentially change screening for visual perception impairments in clinical practice and is available at https://oxvps.webspace.durham.ac.uk/.