Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Gut Microbiota in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Insights and Biomarker Discovery Potential.","authors":"Lingyue Jin, Jie Xiao, Yuhong Luo, Lina Duan, Ying Gong, Yao Li, Haifang Wang, Yurong Qiu, Hongxia Wang, Weinan Lai, Haixia Li","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09051-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09051-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and multi-organ damage, influenced by genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Recent research highlights the significant role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and progression of SLE, suggesting that dysbiosis-an imbalance in the microbial community-can contribute to disease onset and severity. The gut microbiota, through its metabolites, interacts with the host's immune system, influencing immune responses and maintaining intestinal barrier integrity. These interactions have positioned the gut microbiota as a potential source of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for SLE. This review delves into the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences SLE, exploring how alterations in microbial composition and function can trigger autoimmune responses. We also examine the potential of gut microbiota-derived metabolites as biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease progression monitoring. Additionally, the therapeutic implications of modulating gut microbiota through dietary interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, and other microbiota-targeted therapies are discussed as promising strategies for managing SLE. The findings suggest that a deeper understanding of the gut microbiota's role in SLE could lead to more personalized and effective treatments, potentially transforming the approach to managing this chronic autoimmune condition. Future research should focus on elucidating the precise mechanisms of gut microbiota interaction with the immune system and its impact on SLE, as well as validating gut microbiota-based biomarkers and therapies in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting B Cells for the Treatment of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy.","authors":"Tao Liu, Bo Chen, Geng Yin, Qibing Xie","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09047-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09047-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is a group of heterogeneous diseases that can affect multiple systems. Currently, it is classified into different subtypes based on myositis-specific antibodies and muscle tissue pathology. These subtypes vary in treatment response and clinical prognosis, with poor treatment outcomes observed in cases of rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease and severe muscle involvement. Despite conventional treatments, there remains a high rate of mortality and disability. The production of B cells and autoantibodies plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IIM. Targeting B cells has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy for IIM. This review aims to summarize the current state of B cell-targeted therapies for IIM, providing clinicians with potential treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoimmunology: Crosstalk Between T Cells and Osteoclasts in Osteoporosis.","authors":"Zeyao Lu, Peilun Xiao, Shijia Liu, Chongjun Huang, Weishang Li, Yuanheng Mao, Ying Xu, Ye Tian","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09046-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09046-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis, a common metabolic condition that affects the bones, increases the risk of fractures, thereby diminishing one's quality of life and, in severe cases, can even result in life-threatening conditions. Osteoporosis is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide as the population ages. Previous research on osteoporosis has focused on skeletal cellular components such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The emerging field of \"osteoimmunology\" has recently been introduced through new research. The concept highlights the critical impact of bone-immune system interactions on osteoporosis progression. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is significantly influenced by T cells, particularly cytotoxic and helper T cells, which modulate osteoclast differentiation and activity. A crucial aspect of understanding osteoporosis is how T lymphocytes interact with osteoclasts. However, the precise mechanisms underlying T cell-osteoclast crosstalk remain poorly understood. This review systematically examines T cell and osteoclast involvement in osteoimmunology, with a particular focus on their involvement in osteoporosis. It seeks to elucidate the immune mechanisms driving the progression of osteoporosis and identify key molecules involved in T cell-osteoclast interactions. This aims to discover novel molecular targets and intervention strategies to improve early diagnosis and management of osteoporosis. Furthermore, this article will explore the potential of intervening in T cell-osteoclast interactions using conventional therapies, traditional Chinese medicine, immunomodulatory agents, and nanomaterial-based treatments, providing new perspectives for future osteoporosis management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Safety of Nemolizumab in Patients with Prurigo Nodularis: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Ahsan Raza Raja, Zoha Zahid Fazal, Aisha Sethi","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09054-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09054-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic, severely pruritic condition that markedly impairs quality of life. Existing treatments show limited efficacy, prompting investigation of nemolizumab, an IL-31 receptor antagonist. This meta-analysis evaluated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing nemolizumab with placebo in patients with PN. Effectiveness endpoints included a ≥ 4-point improvement in the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP-NRS4), a ≥ 2-point reduction in the Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), and a ≥ 4-point improvement in the Sleep Disturbance Numerical Rating Scale (SD-NRS). Three RCTs involving 497 patients met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses showed nemolizumab significantly increased the likelihood of achieving PP-NRS4 response (OR = 6.92, 95% CI: 3.84-12.45, P < .00001), IGA reduction (OR = 7.59, 95% CI: 3.58-16.12, P < .00001), and SD-NRS improvement (OR = 3.99, 95% CI: 2.39-6.66, P < .00001). Safety outcomes did not differ significantly between nemolizumab and placebo for adverse events, serious adverse events, or other specific categories. In conclusion, while maintaining a favorable safety profile, nemolizumab demonstrates robust efficacy in reducing pruritus, lesion severity, and sleep disturbance in patients with PN. While these findings are promising, the small number of included studies and potential for publication bias warrant cautious interpretation and highlight the need for further research. These findings support its role as a promising option for individuals with PN who are unresponsive to standard therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic Modifications in Vitiligo.","authors":"Xin Huang, Jing Zhu, Tianqi Wei, Lingling Luo, Chengrang Li, Ming Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09048-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09048-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitiligo is an autoimmune depigmenting skin disorder and can affect the mental health of the patients. Current research suggests that the development of vitiligo involves a combination of genetic susceptibility, immune imbalance, and oxidative stress. However, its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Epigenetic modification has gained increasing attention as an emerging way to regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. Currently known modes of epigenetic modification include the regulation of non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation, and histone modification. Studies suggest they play important roles in tumors, immune disorders, and inflammatory diseases. In recent years, the value of epigenetics in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of vitiligo has been explored. They showed the potential to serve as biomarkers and play a therapeutic role. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic modification mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, including physiological processes such as immune homeostasis, melanocyte survival, cell adhesion and migration, and metabolism. This will help us fully understand the progress of epigenetic research in vitiligo and lay the foundation for targeted therapeutic-related research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Allergology: Epitope Discovery and Its Application for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy of Food Allergy.","authors":"Fei Huan, Shuai Gao, Yi Gu, Lingna Ni, Mingxuan Wu, Yongpeng Li, Meng Liu, Yang Yang, Anfeng Xiao, Guangming Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09052-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09052-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of food allergy continues to rise, posing a significant burden on health and quality of life. Research on antigenic epitope identification and hypoallergenic agent design is advancing allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). This review focuses on food allergens from the perspective of molecular allergology, provides an overview of integration of bioinformatics and experimental validation for epitope identification, highlights hypoallergenic agents designed based on epitope information, and offers a valuable guidance to the application of hypoallergenic agents in AIT. With the development of molecular allergology, the characterization of the amino acid sequence and structure of the allergen at the molecular level facilitates T-/B-cell epitope identification. Alignment of the identified epitopes in food allergens revealed that the amino acid sequence of T-/B-cell epitopes barely overlapped, providing crucial data to design allergen molecules as a promising form for treating (FA) food allergy. Manipulating antigenic epitopes can reduce the allergenicity of allergens to obtain hypoallergenic agents, thereby minimizing the severe side effects associated with AIT. Currently, hypoallergenic agents are mainly developed through synthetic epitope peptides, genetic engineering, or food processing methods based on the identified epitope. New strategies such as DNA vaccines, signaling molecules coupling, and nanoparticles are emerging to improve efficiency. Although significant progress has been made in designing hypoallergenic agents for AIT, the challenge in clinical translation is to determine the appropriate dose and duration of treatment to induce long-term immune tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Mast Cells on the Anatomy, Cellular Communication, and Molecular Immune Network of Lymph Nodes.","authors":"Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi, Marcus Maurer, Frank Siebenhaar","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09050-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09050-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lymph nodes (LNs) are ovoid-shape capsulated structures interposed along the lymphatic vessels. Owing to their unique architecture, LNs place immune cell types in distinct compartments allowing effective contact of antigens to them. Their efficient function results in the concentration of antigens and bridging of antigen-presenting cells like DCs and B cells and cells of adaptive immunity (circulating B and T lymphocytes remaining in LNs to monitor antigens) to coordinate efficient immune responses. In a healthy LN, B cells are primarily clustered in lymphoid follicles, whereas T cells are organized in the deeper paracortex region. Mast cells (MCs) are among the immune cells; their normal presence or pathologic infiltration has been reported in LNs. MCs enter LNs through afferent lymphatic vessels and can be found in all compartments, ranging from subcapsular sinus to the deepest sections of medullary sinus; however, they are commonly found in the T cell zone and medullary sinus but rarely in follicles. In pathologies with LN involvement and solid tumors, features like MC accumulation and the anatomical region of accumulation within LNs differ based on the type of tumor and the organ. Moreover, MC accumulation in LNs may influence the trafficking of other cell types and immune responses. MCs out of LNs can facilitate the migration of DCs into LN, which is crucial for orchestrating immune responses, especially in vaccination; moreover, MCs play a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance. MC-released mediators including TNF from tissue-resident MCs and tryptase from LN-MCs mediate hyperplasia and extension of LN vasculature, respectively. MCs support lymphangiogenesis by releasing VEGF-C and VEGF-D in vivo. Further research on the role of MCs in LNs is anticipated due to the development of pharmaceuticals that impact MC survival or inhibit their activation. In this review, we summarize the current literature regarding the outcomes of MC presence in LNs with a focus on the MC-mediated immune responses in two categories: direct cell-to-cell and mediator-based interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Immune Activation: Implications for Congenital Heart Defects.","authors":"Sixing Wang, Zilin Mei, Jin Chen, Kai Zhao, Ruize Kong, Lana McClements, Huiping Zhang, Aihua Liao, Chunyan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09049-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09049-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common major birth defects and one of the leading causes of death from congenital defects after birth. CHD can arise in pregnancy from the combination of genetic and non-genetic factors. The maternal immune activation (MIA) hypothesis is widely implicated in embryonic neurodevelopmental abnormalities. MIA has been found to be associated with the development of asthma, diabetes mellitus, and other diseases in the offspring. Given the important role of cardiac immune cells and cytokines in embryonic heart development, it is hypothesized that MIA may play a significant role in embryonic heart development. This review aims to stimulate further investigation into the relationship between MIA and CHD and to highlight the gaps in the knowledge. It evaluates the impact of MIA on CHD in the context of pregnancy complications, immune-related diseases, infections, and environmental and lifestyle factors. The review outlines the mechanisms by which immune cells and their secretome indirectly regulate the immuno-microenvironment of the embryonic heart by influencing placental development. Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokines cross the placenta to induce related reactions including oxidative stress in the embryonic heart directly. This review delineates the role of MIA in CHD and underscores the impact of maternal factors, especially immune factors, as well as the embryonic cardiac immuno-microenvironment, on embryonic heart development. This review extends our understanding of the importance of MIA in the pathogenesis of CHD and provides important insights into prenatal prevention and treatment strategies for this congenital condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophils: a Central Point of Interaction Between Immune Cells and Nonimmune Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis.","authors":"Zhaoran Wang, Yi Jiao, Wenya Diao, Tong Shi, Qishun Geng, Chaoying Wen, Jiahe Xu, Tiantian Deng, Xiaoya Li, Lu Zhao, Jienan Gu, Tingting Deng, Cheng Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09044-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09044-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease involving activation of the immune system and the infiltration of immune cells. As the first immune cells to reach the site of inflammation, neutrophils perform their biological functions by releasing many active substances and forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The overactivated neutrophils in patients with RA not only directly damage tissues but also, more importantly, interact with various other immune cells and broadly activate innate and adaptive immunity, leading to irreversible joint damage. However, owing to the pivotal role and complex influence of neutrophils in maintaining homoeostasis, the treatment of RA by targeting neutrophils is very difficult. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the interaction pathways between neutrophils and various other immune cells is crucial for the development of neutrophils as a new therapeutic target for RA. In this study, the important role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of RA through their crosstalk with various other immune cells and nonimmune cells is highlighted. The potential of epigenetic modification of neutrophils for exploring the pathogenesis of RA and developing therapeutic approaches is also discussed. In addition, several models for studying cell‒cell interactions are summarized to support further studies of neutrophils in the context of RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Contaminants: An Important But Ignored Risk Factor for Psoriasis.","authors":"Leyi Huang, Yinli Zhou, Hui Xiao, Yajia Li, Zhiru Zhou, Ziyi Xiao, Yixuan Tong, Kun Hu, Yehong Kuang, Minxue Shen, Yi Xiao, Xiang Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09043-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09043-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Industrialization and modernization have changed the environment. A group of emerging contaminants (ECs) has been defined recently. Psoriasis, whose incidence has increased in recent years, is a relapsing immune-mediated disease carrying a heavy disease burden. The erythematous scaly plaque is a typical symptom and occurs on several parts of the body. In addition, psoriasis has many comorbidities, such as psoriatic arthritis, diabetes, and depression, damaging the quality of life of patients. IL-17, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF-alpha are important related cytokines. ECs can influence psoriasis through the immune system and inflammatory responses. Specific mechanisms include increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-17, and activating immune cells such as macrophages. And for psoriasis patients, it is suggested to reduce the exposure of most ECs. However, the complex mechanisms involved have not been discussed together and concluded. In this review, we summarize the relationship between ECs and psoriasis, focusing on the immune system, especially the immune cells and cytokines. These results can help guide clinical treatment and long-term management of psoriasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}