Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology最新文献_第2页

Describing Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Course of Patients with Hereditary Alpha-tryptasemia: A Single-center Study. 描述遗传性α -胰蛋白酶血症患者的临床特征和治疗过程：一项单中心研究。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09063-0

Meghan Matheny, Maria P Henao, Taha Al-Shaikhly

{"title":"Describing Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Course of Patients with Hereditary Alpha-tryptasemia: A Single-center Study.","authors":"Meghan Matheny, Maria P Henao, Taha Al-Shaikhly","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09063-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09063-0","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with hereditary alpha-tryptasemia (HαT) have been shown not only to be more prone to anaphylaxis but also to more severe reactions. The relationship between hypermobility, gastroparesis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), and HαT has been variably described in the literature although no causal biochemical or genetic link has been identified. Herein, we sought to describe the clinical presentation, treatment, and co-morbidities of patients diagnosed with HαT within the Penn State Health System. Through a retrospective cross-sectional chart review, we report the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of patients who tested positive for HαT genotypes (2α3β, 3α2β) within Penn State Health. Twenty-six percent of patients within our cohort had co-occurring diagnoses of hypermobility (7, 26.9%), or POTS (7, 26.9%) while more than half of patients had GERD (15, 57.7%). Anaphylaxis was reported among 7 (26.9%) with the average number of anaphylactic episodes per patient prior to HαT identification being less than one. Patients with triplication had higher prevalence of hypermobility and POTS and were more likely to receive treatment with omalizumab or cromolyn. Co-morbid hypermobility, POTS and GERD in patients with flushing, urticaria, or anaphylaxis should warrant further investigation for HαT.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promising Targeted Therapies for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Translational Perspective Based on Immunopathology. 噬血细胞淋巴组织细胞病有希望的靶向治疗：基于免疫病理学的翻译视角。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09068-9

Yuanyuan Yang, Songtao Tu, Hongwei Peng, Jialiang Lu, Hua Yu, Yulan Zhou, Xiaowu Dong, Fei Li

{"title":"Promising Targeted Therapies for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Translational Perspective Based on Immunopathology.","authors":"Yuanyuan Yang, Songtao Tu, Hongwei Peng, Jialiang Lu, Hua Yu, Yulan Zhou, Xiaowu Dong, Fei Li","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09068-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09068-9","url":null,"abstract":"Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe and life-threatening hyperinflammatory disorder characterized by dysregulated immune activation, primarily driven by excessive stimulation of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) and macrophages. This uncontrolled immune response leads to cytokine-induced tissue damage and multiorgan dysfunction. HLH presents a significant clinical challenge due to its rapid progression and high mortality rate. In adult patients, current first-line treatment strategies, adapted from pediatric protocols such as HLH-94 and HLH-2004, achieve complete disease resolution in only approximately 50% of cases. The urgent need for more effective therapeutic options is underscored by the lack of targeted treatments and the persistent high mortality associated with HLH. However, the pathophysiology of HLH remains complex and incompletely understood, involving multiple immune dysregulations, diverse etiologies, and variable clinical presentations, making drug development particularly challenging. Drawing from recent advancements, this review provides a translational perspective on the immunopathological mechanisms underlying HLH, highlighting emerging therapeutic targets and novel treatments currently under clinical investigation. By synthesizing these insights, we aim to identify key opportunities for the development of innovative therapies to improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

B Cell Tolerance and Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome. B细胞耐受性与产科抗磷脂综合征。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09064-z

Brita Laht, Suraj Timilsina, M Eric Gershwin, Raivo Uibo

{"title":"B Cell Tolerance and Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome.","authors":"Brita Laht, Suraj Timilsina, M Eric Gershwin, Raivo Uibo","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09064-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09064-z","url":null,"abstract":"Obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (OAPS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by antiphospholipid antibody-mediated inflammatory environment at the maternal-fetal interface. It leads to significant complications, including pre-fetal or fetal demise, preeclampsia, and placental insufficiency. Pregnancy leads to significant changes in the immune profile that facilitate fetal tolerance while ensuring protection from infections. A controlled inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface is essential during implantation as trophoblasts need to invade the endometrial lining. However, excessive inflammation can disrupt this balance and contribute to pregnancy-related complications. Consequently, the increased activation of the innate immune system is counteracted by the tolerogenic responses of the adaptive immune system. There is a shift from T helper (Th) 1 to Th2 responses from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. This is associated with a decrease in lymphopoiesis, together with a prolonged B cell lifespan. Thus, during pregnancy, antibody-producing B cells are prone to activation, potentially leading to a loss of tolerance. Changes in B cell function, antigen presentation, and antibody affinity are seen in women with antiphospholipid syndrome. It is essential to understand the defects in B cell regulation in OAPS as they are likely to induce a breach in immune homeostasis. Herein, we will review the role of B cell tolerance in OAPS, including a discussion of potential novel therapeutic effects to improve maternal and fetal health.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recombinant BCG Expressing IL-12 as A Novel Immunomodulatory Strategy for Allergic Asthma: Opportunities and Challenges. 表达IL-12的重组BCG作为过敏性哮喘的一种新的免疫调节策略：机遇和挑战。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09066-x

Romina Campos-Povea, Enrique González-Madrid, Tays Troncoso-Bravo, Hernán F Peñaloza, Pablo A González, Susan M Bueno, Alexis M Kalergis

{"title":"Recombinant BCG Expressing IL-12 as A Novel Immunomodulatory Strategy for Allergic Asthma: Opportunities and Challenges.","authors":"Romina Campos-Povea, Enrique González-Madrid, Tays Troncoso-Bravo, Hernán F Peñaloza, Pablo A González, Susan M Bueno, Alexis M Kalergis","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09066-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09066-x","url":null,"abstract":"Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder driven by a T helper type 2 (Th2)-mediated immune response that involves eosinophils and mast cell recruitment to affected tissues, eliciting inflammatory cytokines and IgE production. Typical symptoms in more severe cases include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, persistent coughing, excessive mucus production, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Current therapies, which focus on suppressing the immune system, mitigate the symptoms but are generally insufficient to address the disease. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) platform, initially developed as an attenuated vaccine for tuberculosis (TB), induces a potent T helper type 1 (Th1) polarized immune response, making it a promising candidate for treating Th2-dominant conditions, such as allergic asthma, ultimately alleviating the symptoms. BCG can be genetically modified to express antigens of other pathogens or immunogenic proteins, such as IL-12p70. In this review, we examine the potential of BCG as a novel therapeutic platform for allergic asthma, focusing on its ability to modulate the immune response via IL-12.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09067-w

Yan Zhao, Song Mei, Shuang Yao, Shiru Cai, Peng Zhang, Hongfei Lou, Luo Zhang

{"title":"IL-17-Related Pathways and Myeloid Cell Function are Involved in the Mechanism of Sublingual Immunotherapy with Artemisia annua for Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis.","authors":"Yan Zhao, Song Mei, Shuang Yao, Shiru Cai, Peng Zhang, Hongfei Lou, Luo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09067-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09067-w","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanisms underlying immune tolerance induction during sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to investigate the molecular and immunological process involved in SLIT. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics analyses were performed to examine the functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in leukocytes from 11 SAR patients at three time points: baseline, peak pollen phase (PPP), and end-of-treatment. Patients received a 4-month SLIT course with Artemisia annua (A. annua) extract (n = 5) or placebo (n = 6). Plasma cytokine levels were measured in a validation cohort of 15 SAR patients (9 in the SLIT group and 6 in the placebo group) using Luminex assays. The results showed that A. annua SLIT inhibited the upregulation of IL-17A-associated pathways and the expression of inflammatory mediators, including CXCL1, CCL7, and PLPP3, while enhancing myeloid immune cell function by increasing the expression of CD36, TYROBP, FCGR1A, and FCER1G. Additionally, A. annua SLIT reactivated myeloid immune cell-associated genes that were downregulated during PPP and significantly reduced IL-17A and GRO-β levels in plasma, compared to the placebo group. These findings suggest that A. annua SLIT alleviates SAR by modulating IL-17A pathways, reducing inflammatory responses, and enhancing myeloid immune cell function.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Allergic Rhinitis is Associated with Increased Suicidality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 变应性鼻炎与自杀倾向增加有关：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09061-2

Simon Høj, Frederik Kronvold Nielsen, Bo Chawes, Vibeke Backer, Allan Linneberg, Simon Francis Thomsen, Torben Sigsgaard, Howraman Meteran

{"title":"Allergic Rhinitis is Associated with Increased Suicidality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Simon Høj, Frederik Kronvold Nielsen, Bo Chawes, Vibeke Backer, Allan Linneberg, Simon Francis Thomsen, Torben Sigsgaard, Howraman Meteran","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09061-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09061-2","url":null,"abstract":"Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammatory condition affecting millions globally. Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between AR and suicidality; however, this association remains underexplored compared to other atopic diseases. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between AR and the risks of suicidal ideation, attempts, and death. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search across PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane databases, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. A total of 590 studies were screened, with 9 eligible cross-sectional studies involving 1,604,962 participants included. Data on suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and death were synthesized using random-effects meta-analyses. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist, and evidence was graded using the GRADE framework. AR was not significantly associated with suicidal ideation (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.97-1.30; 1,101,819 participants from 7 studies). However, AR patients demonstrated an elevated risk of suicide attempts (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.00-1.57; 1,554,297 participants from 5 studies) and suicide death (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.46-1.86; 478,244 participants from 2 studies). This meta-analysis highlights an association between allergic rhinitis and increased risk of suicide attempts and death. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of included studies, causality cannot be inferred.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex Bias in Systemic Sclerosis: from Clinical to Immunological Differences. 系统性硬化症的性别偏见：从临床到免疫学差异。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09062-1

Lazaros I Sakkas, Dimitrios P Bogdanos, Ian C Chikanza

{"title":"Sex Bias in Systemic Sclerosis: from Clinical to Immunological Differences.","authors":"Lazaros I Sakkas, Dimitrios P Bogdanos, Ian C Chikanza","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09062-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09062-1","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by microvasculopathy, extensive fibrosis, and autoantibodies. The disease affects mostly the female sex. In this review, we highlight sex bias in clinical manifestations in SSc, and the pathophysiological changes underlying this bias. Male sex is associated with the diffuse cutaneous form of the disease, digital ulcers, interstitial lung disease, and worse prognosis. These clinical differences can be attributed to sex hormones and sex chromosomes, as females differ from males in sex hormones (estrogens in females, androgens in males) and sex chromosomes (XX in females, XY in males). Estrogens in females generally have immunostimulatory and profibrotic effects, and androgens have immunosuppressive effects. The X-chromosome contains many immunity-related genes, but the double dose of X-linked genes in females is avoided by random inactivation of one X-chromosome (XCI). However, many X-linked immunity-related genes, including toll-like receptor (TLR)7, TLR8 and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), escape XCI resulting in a biallelic expression with pathophysiological implications. Also, autosomal genes are differentially expressed between sexes. Therefore, sex should be included in future studies on SSc to aid in forming predictive algorithms and helping therapeutic decisions in this difficult-to-treat disease.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macrophage-Centric Immunometabolic Crosstalk in Alopecia Areata Pathogenesis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. 斑秃发病中的巨噬细胞中心免疫代谢串扰：机制和治疗意义。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09060-3

Xu Liu, Xiuzu Song

引用次数: 0

Atopic Dermatitis: The Relationship Between Immune Mediators and Skin Lipid Barrier. 特应性皮炎：免疫介质与皮肤脂质屏障的关系。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09057-y

Huayan You, Yunsheng Liang

{"title":"Atopic Dermatitis: The Relationship Between Immune Mediators and Skin Lipid Barrier.","authors":"Huayan You, Yunsheng Liang","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09057-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09057-y","url":null,"abstract":"Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is prevalent worldwide with complex etiology. Skin barrier defects and abnormal immune activation are crucial in the occurrence and development of AD. In the classic model of the skin barrier, lipids are essential for the formation and maintenance of this barrier as a \"mortar\" component. However, abnormally activated immune responses promote the lipid barrier deficiency through the secretion of various types of immune mediators directly or indirectly. In this review, we first introduce the skin lipid barrier (SLB) under both normal and abnormal conditions, highlighting the contributions of lipids derived from keratinocytes and sebaceous glands (SGs). Subsequently, the relationships between the immune mediators of Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22, and other types (adipokines, prostaglandins, leukotrienes) and SLB are elaborated in turn. Finally, the therapies for restoring SLB to treat AD are summarized, with a focus on the restoration effect of dupilumab on SLB. We hope that this review will offer a comprehensive perspective for understanding the pathogenesis of lipid metabolism disorders and SLB deficiency caused by immune mediators in AD. It also aims to provide guidance for further research on targeting inflammatory mediators to restore SLB.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neutrophilic Urticarial Dermatosis: A Window into Systemic Inflammation and Autoimmune Disorders. 中性粒细胞性荨麻疹皮肤病：全身性炎症和自身免疫性疾病的窗口。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-025-09056-z

Xiaoxuan Cai, Yihe Zheng, Changyi Yang, Jiali Xu, Hong Fang, Jianjun Qiao

{"title":"Neutrophilic Urticarial Dermatosis: A Window into Systemic Inflammation and Autoimmune Disorders.","authors":"Xiaoxuan Cai, Yihe Zheng, Changyi Yang, Jiali Xu, Hong Fang, Jianjun Qiao","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09056-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-025-09056-z","url":null,"abstract":"Neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis (NUD) is a distinctive dermatological manifestation that is commonly associated with systemic autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review comprehensively explores NUD in the context of five major conditions: Schnitzler syndrome, Still's disease, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and VEXAS syndrome. For each condition, a detailed discussion of the underlying mechanisms, clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies is provided. In addition, cases exhibiting features similar to NUD are emphasized, with a comprehensive examination of the pathological characteristics, particularly focusing on neutrophilic epitheliotropism. This review underscores the significance of identifying NUD as a potential indicator of systemic autoimmune disorders and discusses the role of skin biopsy and laboratory tests in diagnosing the underlying etiology. Finally, a diagnostic framework for NUD is proposed, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary assessment to ascertain the underlying systemic condition responsible for the dermatological manifestations. The objective of this review is to enhance the comprehension of NUD, thereby facilitating early diagnosis and the implementation of targeted strategies for affected patients.","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0