Clinical Microbiology Reviews最新文献_第7页

Host Immunity and Immunization Strategies for Clostridioides difficile Infection. 艰难梭菌感染的宿主免疫和免疫策略。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2023-06-21 Epub Date: 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00157-22

Farha Naz, William A Petri

引用次数: 0

An Overlooked and Underrated Endemic Mycosis-Talaromycosis and the Pathogenic Fungus Talaromyces marneffei. 被忽视和低估的地方性真菌病--马拉色菌病和致病真菌马拉色菌（Talaromyces marneffei）。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Epub Date: 2023-01-17 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00051-22

Fang Wang, RunHua Han, Shi Chen

{"title":"An Overlooked and Underrated Endemic Mycosis-Talaromycosis and the Pathogenic Fungus Talaromyces marneffei.","authors":"Fang Wang, RunHua Han, Shi Chen","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00051-22","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00051-22","url":null,"abstract":"Talaromycosis is an invasive mycosis endemic in tropical and subtropical Asia and is caused by the pathogenic fungus Talaromyces marneffei. Approximately 17,300 cases of T. marneffei infection are diagnosed annually, and the reported mortality rate is extremely high (~1/3). Despite the devastating impact of talaromycosis on immunocompromised individuals, particularly HIV-positive persons, and the increase in reported occurrences in HIV-uninfected persons, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for talaromycosis have received far too little attention worldwide. In 2021, scientists living in countries where talaromycosis is endemic raised a global demand for it to be recognized as a neglected tropical disease. Therefore, T. marneffei and the infectious disease induced by this fungus must be treated with concern. T. marneffei is a thermally dimorphic saprophytic fungus with a complicated mycological growth process that may produce various cell types in its life cycle, including conidia, hyphae, and yeast, all of which are associated with its pathogenicity. However, understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of T. marneffei has been limited until recently. To achieve a holistic view of T. marneffei and talaromycosis, the current knowledge about talaromycosis and research breakthroughs regarding T. marneffei growth biology are discussed in this review, along with the interaction of the fungus with environmental stimuli and the host immune response to fungal infection. Importantly, the future research directions required for understanding this serious infection and its causative pathogenic fungus are also emphasized to identify solutions that will alleviate the suffering of susceptible individuals worldwide.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9579992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The mRNA Vaccine Technology Era and the Future Control of Parasitic Infections. mRNA 疫苗技术时代与寄生虫感染的未来控制。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Epub Date: 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00241-21

Hong You, Malcolm K Jones, Catherine A Gordon, Alexa E Arganda, Pengfei Cai, Harry Al-Wassiti, Colin W Pouton, Donald P McManus

{"title":"The mRNA Vaccine Technology Era and the Future Control of Parasitic Infections.","authors":"Hong You, Malcolm K Jones, Catherine A Gordon, Alexa E Arganda, Pengfei Cai, Harry Al-Wassiti, Colin W Pouton, Donald P McManus","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00241-21","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00241-21","url":null,"abstract":"Despite intensive long-term efforts, with very few exceptions, the development of effective vaccines against parasitic infections has presented considerable challenges, given the complexity of parasite life cycles, the interplay between parasites and their hosts, and their capacity to escape the host immune system and to regulate host immune responses. For many parasitic diseases, conventional vaccine platforms have generally proven ill suited, considering the complex manufacturing processes involved and the costs they incur, the inability to posttranslationally modify cloned target antigens, and the absence of long-lasting protective immunity induced by these antigens. An effective antiparasite vaccine platform is required to assess the effectiveness of novel vaccine candidates at high throughput. By exploiting the approach that has recently been used successfully to produce highly protective COVID mRNA vaccines, we anticipate a new wave of research to advance the use of mRNA vaccines to prevent parasitic infections in the near future. This article considers the characteristics that are required to develop a potent antiparasite vaccine and provides a conceptual foundation to promote the development of parasite mRNA-based vaccines. We review the recent advances and challenges encountered in developing antiparasite vaccines and evaluate the potential of developing mRNA vaccines against parasites, including those causing diseases such as malaria and schistosomiasis, against which vaccines are currently suboptimal or not yet available.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9944172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Antiviral Approaches against Influenza Virus. 针对流感病毒的抗病毒方法。

IF 19 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Epub Date: 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00040-22

Rashmi Kumari, Suresh D Sharma, Amrita Kumar, Zachary Ende, Margarita Mishina, Yuanyuan Wang, Zackary Falls, Ram Samudrala, Jan Pohl, Paul R Knight, Suryaprakash Sambhara

引用次数: 0

Human Listeriosis. 人类李斯特菌病

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Epub Date: 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00060-19

Merel M Koopmans, Matthijs C Brouwer, José A Vázquez-Boland, Diederik van de Beek

引用次数: 15

Agnostic Sequencing for Detection of Viral Pathogens. 检测病毒病原体的不可知论测序。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Epub Date: 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00119-22

Nick P G Gauthier, Samuel D Chorlton, Mel Krajden, Amee R Manges

{"title":"Agnostic Sequencing for Detection of Viral Pathogens.","authors":"Nick P G Gauthier, Samuel D Chorlton, Mel Krajden, Amee R Manges","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00119-22","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00119-22","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has expanded our ability to detect and analyze microbial genomes and has yielded novel molecular approaches for infectious disease diagnostics. While several targeted multiplex PCR and NGS-based assays have been widely used in public health settings in recent years, these targeted approaches are limited in that they still rely on a priori knowledge of a pathogen's genome, and an untargeted or unknown pathogen will not be detected. Recent public health crises have emphasized the need to prepare for a wide and rapid deployment of an agnostic diagnostic assay at the start of an outbreak to ensure an effective response to emerging viral pathogens. Metagenomic techniques can nonspecifically sequence all detectable nucleic acids in a sample and therefore do not rely on prior knowledge of a pathogen's genome. While this technology has been reviewed for bacterial diagnostics and adopted in research settings for the detection and characterization of viruses, viral metagenomics has yet to be widely deployed as a diagnostic tool in clinical laboratories. In this review, we highlight recent improvements to the performance of metagenomic viral sequencing, the current applications of metagenomic sequencing in clinical laboratories, as well as the challenges that impede the widespread adoption of this technology.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9944638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Changing Paradigm of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment: Successes, Pitfalls, and Future Perspectives. 耐药结核病治疗模式的变化：成功、陷阱和未来展望。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Epub Date: 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00180-19

Navisha Dookie, Senamile L Ngema, Rubeshan Perumal, Nikita Naicker, Nesri Padayatchi, Kogieleum Naidoo

{"title":"The Changing Paradigm of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment: Successes, Pitfalls, and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Navisha Dookie, Senamile L Ngema, Rubeshan Perumal, Nikita Naicker, Nesri Padayatchi, Kogieleum Naidoo","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00180-19","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00180-19","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) remains a global crisis due to the increasing incidence of drug-resistant forms of the disease, gaps in detection and prevention, models of care, and limited treatment options. The DR-TB treatment landscape has evolved over the last 10 years. Recent developments include the remarkable activity demonstrated by the newly approved anti-TB drugs bedaquiline and pretomanid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Hence, treatment of DR-TB has drastically evolved with the introduction of the short-course regimen for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), transitioning to injection-free regimens and the approval of the 6-month short regimens for rifampin-resistant TB and MDR-TB. Moreover, numerous clinical trials are under way with the aim to reduce pill burden and shorten the DR-TB treatment duration. While there have been apparent successes in the field, some challenges remain. These include the ongoing inclusion of high-dose isoniazid in DR-TB regimens despite a lack of evidence for its efficacy and the inclusion of ethambutol and pyrazinamide in the standard short regimen despite known high levels of background resistance to both drugs. Furthermore, antimicrobial heteroresistance, extensive cavitary disease and intracavitary gradients, the emergence of bedaquiline resistance, and the lack of biomarkers to monitor DR-TB treatment response remain serious challenges to the sustained successes. In this review, we outline the impact of the new drugs and regimens on patient treatment outcomes, explore evidence underpinning current practices on regimen selection and duration, reflect on the disappointments and pitfalls in the field, and highlight key areas that require continued efforts toward improving treatment approaches and rapid biomarkers for monitoring treatment response.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9769521/pdf/cmr.00180-19.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9185549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Microbial Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: from Classical Bacteriology to Host Transcriptional Signatures. 成人社区获得性肺炎的微生物病因：从经典细菌学到宿主转录特征。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Epub Date: 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00015-22

Naomi J Gadsby, Daniel M Musher

{"title":"The Microbial Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: from Classical Bacteriology to Host Transcriptional Signatures.","authors":"Naomi J Gadsby, Daniel M Musher","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00015-22","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00015-22","url":null,"abstract":"All modern advances notwithstanding, pneumonia remains a common infection with substantial morbidity and mortality. Understanding of the etiology of pneumonia continues to evolve as new techniques enable identification of already known organisms and as new organisms emerge. We now review the etiology of pneumonia (at present often called \"community-acquired pneumonia\") beginning with classic bacteriologic techniques, which identified Streptococcus pneumoniae as the overwhelmingly common cause, to more modern bacteriologic studies, which emphasize Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella catarrhalis, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, and normal respiratory flora. Urine antigen detection is useful in identifying Legionella and pneumococcus. The low yield of bacteria in recent studies is due to the failure to obtain valid sputum samples before antibiotics are administered. The use of high-quality sputum specimens enables identification of recognized (\"typical\") bacterial pathogens as well as a role for commensal bacteria (\"normal respiratory flora\"). Nucleic acid amplification technology for viruses has revolutionized diagnosis, showing the importance of viral pneumonia leading to hospitalization with or without coinfecting bacterial organisms. Quantitative PCR study of sputum is in its early stages of application, but regular detection of high counts of bacterial DNA from organisms that are not seen on Gram stain or grown in quantitative culture presents a therapeutic dilemma. This finding may reflect the host microbiome of the respiratory tract, in which case treatment may not need to be given for them. Finally, host transcriptional signatures might enable clinicians to distinguish between viral and bacterial pneumonia, an important practical consideration.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9769922/pdf/cmr.00015-22.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10606934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Osteoarticular Mycoses. Osteoarticular真菌病。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Epub Date: 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00086-19

Maria N Gamaletsou, Blandine Rammaert, Barry Brause, Marimelle A Bueno, Sanjeet S Dadwal, Michael W Henry, Aspasia Katragkou, Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis, Matthew W McCarthy, Andy O Miller, Brad Moriyama, Zoi Dorothea Pana, Ruta Petraitiene, Vidmantas Petraitis, Emmanuel Roilides, Jean-Pierre Sarkis, Maria Simitsopoulou, Nikolaos V Sipsas, Saad J Taj-Aldeen, Valérie Zeller, Olivier Lortholary, Thomas J Walsh

{"title":"Osteoarticular Mycoses.","authors":"Maria N Gamaletsou, Blandine Rammaert, Barry Brause, Marimelle A Bueno, Sanjeet S Dadwal, Michael W Henry, Aspasia Katragkou, Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis, Matthew W McCarthy, Andy O Miller, Brad Moriyama, Zoi Dorothea Pana, Ruta Petraitiene, Vidmantas Petraitis, Emmanuel Roilides, Jean-Pierre Sarkis, Maria Simitsopoulou, Nikolaos V Sipsas, Saad J Taj-Aldeen, Valérie Zeller, Olivier Lortholary, Thomas J Walsh","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00086-19","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00086-19","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarticular mycoses are chronic debilitating infections that require extended courses of antifungal therapy and may warrant expert surgical intervention. As there has been no comprehensive review of these diseases, the International Consortium for Osteoarticular Mycoses prepared a definitive treatise for this important class of infections. Among the etiologies of osteoarticular mycoses are Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucorales, dematiaceous fungi, non-Aspergillus hyaline molds, and endemic mycoses, including those caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and Coccidioides species. This review analyzes the history, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, inflammatory biomarkers, diagnostic imaging modalities, treatments, and outcomes of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis caused by these organisms. Candida osteomyelitis and Candida arthritis are associated with greater events of hematogenous dissemination than those of most other osteoarticular mycoses. Traumatic inoculation is more commonly associated with osteoarticular mycoses caused by Aspergillus and non-Aspergillus molds. Synovial fluid cultures are highly sensitive in the detection of Candida and Aspergillus arthritis. Relapsed infection, particularly in Candida arthritis, may develop in relation to an inadequate duration of therapy. Overall mortality reflects survival from disseminated infection and underlying host factors.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9769674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10608060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Persistent Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Infection after Antibiotic Treatment: Systematic Overview and Appraisal of the Current Evidence from Experimental Animal Models. 抗生素治疗后持续性伯氏疏螺旋体Sensu Lato感染：系统综述和实验动物模型的现有证据评估。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Epub Date: 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00074-22

Y L Verschoor, A Vrijlandt, R Spijker, R M van Hest, H Ter Hofstede, K van Kempen, A J Henningsson, J W Hovius

{"title":"Persistent Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Infection after Antibiotic Treatment: Systematic Overview and Appraisal of the Current Evidence from Experimental Animal Models.","authors":"Y L Verschoor, A Vrijlandt, R Spijker, R M van Hest, H Ter Hofstede, K van Kempen, A J Henningsson, J W Hovius","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00074-22","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00074-22","url":null,"abstract":"Lyme borreliosis is caused by spirochetes belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group, which are transmitted by Ixodes tick species living in the temperate climate zones of the Northern Hemisphere. The clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis are diverse and treated with oral or intravenous antibiotics. In some patients, long-lasting and debilitating symptoms can persist after the recommended antibiotic treatment. The etiology of such persisting symptoms is under debate, and one hypothesis entails persistent infection by a subset of spirochetes after antibiotic therapy. Here, we review and appraise the experimental evidence from in vivo animal studies on the persistence of B. burgdorferi sensu lato infection after antibiotic treatment, focusing on the antimicrobial agents doxycycline and ceftriaxone. Our review indicates that some in vivo animal studies found sporadic positive cultures after antibiotic treatment. However, this culture positivity often seemed to be related to inadequate antibiotic treatment, and the few positive cultures in some studies could not be reproduced in other studies. Overall, current results from animal studies provide insufficient evidence for the persistence of viable and infectious spirochetes after adequate antibiotic treatment. Borrelial nucleic acids, on the contrary, were frequently detected in these animal studies and may thus persist after antibiotic treatment. We put forward that research into the pathogenesis of persisting complaints after antibiotic treatment for Lyme borreliosis in humans should be a top priority, but future studies should most definitely also focus on explanations other than persistent B. burgdorferi sensu lato infection after antibiotic treatment.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9769629/pdf/cmr.00074-22.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10613738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2