{"title":"Self-expandable metal stent versus transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in refractory post-endoscopic variceal ligation ulcer bleeding: a retrospective cohort analysis of efficacy, safety, and quality-of-life outcomes from a tertiary care center in India.","authors":"Varun Mehta, Manjeet Kumar Goyal, Yogesh Kumar Gupta, Abhinav Gupta, Manisha Khubber, Ashita Rukmini Vuthaluru, Ajit Sood","doi":"10.5946/ce.2025.393","DOIUrl":"10.5946/ce.2025.393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Post-endoscopic variceal ligation ulcer bleeding (PEBU) is a rare but life-threatening complication in cirrhosis, often refractory to standard therapy. While transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is effective, its complexity and risk of hepatic encephalopathy limit its use. Self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) offers a minimally invasive alternative, but comparative data are limited. This study evaluated SEMS versus TIPS in refractory PEBU.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, 30 cirrhotic patients with refractory PEBU at a tertiary Indian center were treated with either SEMS (n=15) or TIPS (n=15). The primary endpoint was hemostasis within 72 hours without rebleeding within 5 days. Secondary outcomes included 12-week rebleeding, mortality, complications, and quality of life (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS]-10).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were comparable. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in 100% (SEMS) and 93.3% (TIPS) (p=0.31). Rebleeding rates were similar (13.3%). SEMS showed lower mortality (6.7% vs. 20%) and less hepatic encephalopathy (20% vs. 46.7%). SEMS showed superior PROMIS-10 scores (13.93±4.33 vs.10.07±4.57, p<0.001) and shorter intensive care unit stay (2 vs. 5 days, p=0.002). Stent migration occurred in 20%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SEMS provides outcomes comparable to TIPS with fewer complications and easier applicability, supporting its use in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10351,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endoscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148721155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer: from margin demarcation to complete resection.","authors":"Satoru Mizutani, Seiichiro Abe, Yutaka Saito","doi":"10.5946/ce.2026.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2026.062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer remains a major global health burden, particularly in Asia, where widespread implementation of endoscopic screening has increased the detection of early gastric cancer (EGC). With advances in endoscopic techniques, endoscopic resection (ER), especially endoscopic submucosal dissection, has become the standard treatment for EGC with a negligible risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Undifferentiated-type EGC (UD-EGC) is associated with a higher risk of LNM than differentiated-type EGC. However, favorable long-term outcomes can be achieved with curative resection. Despite this, accurate endoscopic detection, characterization, and delineation of UD-EGC remain a challenge because of their subtle morphology and unique growth pattern. Image-enhanced endoscopy, particularly magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging, plays an important role in diagnosis and assessment of the lateral extent of the lesion. In Japan, accumulating evidence, including prospective multicenter trials, has led to the classification of intramucosal UD-EGC ≤2 cm without ulceration, as an absolute indication for ER in the latest clinical guidelines. Short and long-term outcomes after curative ER for UD-EGC are comparable to those after surgical resection. This review summarizes the current literature on the diagnosis and endoscopic management of UD-EGC, providing a comparative overview of differences in endoscopic treatment recommendations among international guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":10351,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endoscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Successful endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage using a rotatable sphincterotome to overcome placement difficulty due to a caudally oriented cystic duct.","authors":"Takayuki Oda, Sho Hasegawa, Masato Yoneda","doi":"10.5946/ce.2026.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2026.064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10351,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endoscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Twenty-one cylindrical batteries in a 13-year-old: endoscopic management of an unprecedented ingestion burden.","authors":"Umair Khalid, Rishi Bolia","doi":"10.5946/ce.2026.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2026.072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10351,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endoscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyeong Ho Jo, Jin Ho Choi, Joo Seong Kim, Seung-Joo Nam, Do Hoon Kim, Woo Hyun Paik, Jung Ho Bae, Seung Wook Hong, Chang Seok Bang, Da Hyun Jung, Seong Ji Choi, Hyunsoo Chung
{"title":"Translating artificial intelligence into clinical practice for gastrointestinal endoscopy: current applications and future perspectives.","authors":"Hyeong Ho Jo, Jin Ho Choi, Joo Seong Kim, Seung-Joo Nam, Do Hoon Kim, Woo Hyun Paik, Jung Ho Bae, Seung Wook Hong, Chang Seok Bang, Da Hyun Jung, Seong Ji Choi, Hyunsoo Chung","doi":"10.5946/ce.2025.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2025.419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, addressing challenges in detection, diagnosis, and decision-making. In upper GI endoscopy, AI supports blind spot monitoring, Helicobacter pylori diagnosis, and the identification of premalignant and malignant lesions, with high accuracy and reduced miss rates. In lower GI endoscopy, computer-aided detection improves adenoma detection, whereas computer-aided diagnosis supports \"resect-and-discard\" and \"diagnose-and-leave\" strategies. However, real-world benefits remain modest, with concerns regarding overdetection and variable performance across lesion types and colon segments. In inflammatory bowel disease, AI standardizes endoscopic and histologic scoring, reduces interobserver variability, and accelerates capsule endoscopy interpretation, including high diagnostic accuracy for Crohn's disease. Pancreatobiliary applications, including endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and cholangioscopy, demonstrate strong performance in differentiating pancreatic masses and biliary strictures and in predicting postprocedural complications. Despite expert-level performance across multiple domains, most studies remain single-center or retrospective, and explainability, workflow integration, medicolegal responsibility, and cost-effectiveness continue to limit adoption. Emerging solutions, including explainable AI and AI-generated common data model-compatible reports, may bridge these gaps. With rigorous multicenter validation and real-world implementation, AI can evolve from an experimental adjunct into a core component of routine endoscopic practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10351,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endoscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of functional endoscopy.","authors":"Ippei Tanaka, Haruhiro Inoue","doi":"10.5946/ce.2026.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2026.111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endoscopy has evolved to include the assessment of gastrointestinal function, an approach known as functional endoscopy. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the endoscopic pressure-integrated system (EPSIS) as a representative modality in this field. Initial studies demonstrated the diagnostic utility of the EPSIS for gastroesophageal reflux disease by revealing significant associations between EPSIS parameters and 24-hour pH monitoring, as well as endoscopic findings such as erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus. The usefulness of the EPSIS was also demonstrated in diagnosing achalasia and in the evaluation of treatment efficacy following antireflux mucosal interventions and peroral endoscopic myotomy. Dynamic changes in the gastric cardia during EPSIS were observed as the intragastric pressure increased. These changes were categorized into three sequential phases, referred to as the phase concept. In healthy individuals, all three phases function appropriately, whereas in patients with acid reflux, dysfunction is observed in one or more phases. Despite these promising findings, several aspects of the EPSIS remain to be clarified, and most previous studies have been conducted at a single center. Future multicenter prospective studies are warranted to accumulate robust evidence and further establish the clinical utility of the EPSIS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10351,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endoscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}