Clinical Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Catch-Up Growth in Children With Congenital Hypothyroidism on Thyroxine Therapy: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Preeti Singh, Smriti Rohtagi, Rajeev Kumar Malhotra, Anju Seth","doi":"10.1111/cen.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Despite advances in neonatal care, delayed diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) remain prevalent in regions lacking universal screening. This retrospective study evaluated catch-up growth patterns in 65 children with a delayed diagnosis of CH. Study children were stratified into four groups based on age at thyroxine initiation: Groups A (< 1 year), B (1-<3 years), C (3-<5 years), and D (5-10 years).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Growth outcomes, in terms of serial height z scores, skeletal maturation, proportion achieving catch-up growth, and time to catch-up, were assessed at baseline and after 3 years of thyroxine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within 3 years of treatment initiation, 64.6% (42/65) of children achieved complete catch-up in linear growth, and 56.9% (37/65) attained optimum catch-up. Among those treated before 1 year of age (Group A), 76% (19/25) achieved complete and optimum catch-up over a median (IQR) duration of 22 [12-33] months. In children diagnosed after 1 year of age (Groups B-D combined), 57.5% (23/40) attained complete catch-up, of whom 78.3% (18/23) achieved optimum growth, with time to catch-up increasing progressively with later age at diagnosis (median range-25-34 months). The greatest change in height z-scores was observed in the first-year post-treatment across all groups, with a decline thereafter. Catch-up in skeletal maturation was observed in 72.3% (47/65) of children and occurred earlier than catch-up in linear growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early thyroxine initiation in CH is critical for optimal linear and skeletal growth. Delayed diagnosis is associated with slower, suboptimal recovery and an increased risk of compromised final adult height.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guiding Management of Bethesda V Thyroid Nodules: The Role of Molecular Testing.","authors":"Idit Tessler, Grégoire B Morand, Nir A Gecel, Arad Dotan, Tzahi Yamin, Eran E Alon, Richard J Payne, Galit Avior","doi":"10.1111/cen.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The 2023 Bethesda System update introduced molecular testing as a management option for Bethesda V cytology nodules, aiming to guide surgical decision-making. This study investigates the correlation between molecular profiling and malignancy aggressiveness.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted a retrospective multicenter study involving patients with Bethesda V cytology and confirmed malignant pathology who underwent molecular profiling between 2018 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>A total of 156 patients with Bethesda V cytology and final malignant histology were included.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Malignancy aggressiveness was assessed based on histopathological features following 2015 ATA guidelines. Demographic data, pathology results, and genetic variants were analyzed. Molecular profiling results were stratified according to variant risk levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 161 Bethesda V nodules, of which 153 (95.0%) were malignant on final pathology. Genetic stratification revealed no detected mutations in 39.7% (n = 56), low-risk (n = 49, 31.4%), and intermediate-risk variants (n = 45, 28.8%). Only one patient had a high-risk variant. Patients with intermediate-risk variants had a sixfold risk of aggressive disease compared to those with low-risk variants (49% vs. 8.2%, p < 0.001). RAS mutations were the most common among the low-risk group (68.8%) and BRAF V600E predominated in the intermediate-risk group (93.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that molecular profiling offers insights into risk stratification for Bethesda V thyroid lesions, demonstrating a very low incidence of aggressive pathology in the low-risk molecular group.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass Spectrometric Measurements of 11-Deoxycortisol, Androstenedione and Dehydroepiandrosterone Are Superior to Cortisol to Assess Selectivity of Non-Stimulated Adrenal Vein Sampling.","authors":"Francesco Alessi, Christina Pamporaki, Mirko Peitzsch, Georgiana Constantinescu, Hanna Remde, Lydia Kürzinger, Carmina T Fuss, Manuel Schulze, Sybille Fuld, Sradha Kotwal, Jun Yang, Martin Reincke, Felix Beuschlein, Jacques W M Lenders, Graeme Eisenhofer","doi":"10.1111/cen.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Successful adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is traditionally assessed using the ratio of cortisol in adrenal to peripheral venous plasma to calculate the selectivity index. With mass spectrometry other steroids can be simultaneously measured that may improve numbers of apparent successful sampling procedures.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional multicenter study.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>The study involved 229 patients who underwent unstimulated AVS for subtyping primary aldosteronism.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Adrenal and peripheral venous plasma cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone were measured by mass spectrometry to assess AVS selectivity. Ratios of aldosterone, measured by mass spectrometry, to each of the four steroids in right versus left adrenal venous plasma were used to assess lateralisation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Selectivity indices for 11-deoxycortisol, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone were respectively 5.7-(CI 5.1-6.2), 5.1-(CI 4.8-5.4) and 5.9-(CI 5.5-6.4) fold higher (p < 0.0001) than for cortisol. At selectivity index cut-offs of ≥ 3 and ≥ 2, rates of bilateral successful AVS were respectively 91% and 93% for 11-deoxycortisol, 90% and 91% for androstenedione and 89% and 91% for dehydroepiandrosterone, all higher (p < 0.0001) than the 69% and 85% respective success rates for cortisol. With 11-deoxycortisol, rates of apparent unsuccessful AVS procedures were reduced by 54%-72% compared to use of cortisol. There were no clear advantages of any single steroid over the others to assess lateralized aldosterone secretion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>11-Deoxycortisol, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone are more suitable biomarkers than cortisol to assess AVS selectivity and allow rescue of many procedures otherwise deemed unsuccessful. Measurements of cortisol to assess AVS selectivity are best replaced by mass spectrometric measurements of other steroids.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Hypothyroidism: Long-Term Growth and Intellectual Outcomes With a Lower Initial Levothyroxine Dose.","authors":"Jun-Hong Park, Jae Hyuk Oh, Min Hyung Cho, Young Suk Shim, Hae Sang Lee","doi":"10.1111/cen.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to review the long-term outcome of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and whether patient- or treatment-related factors impact the outcomes, especially focusing on the initial Levothyroxine dose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study of the children diagnosed with CH who received Levothyroxine at Ajou University Hospital between 2003 and 2024. Comparative analysis was performed between the low (<10 mcg/kg) and high (≥10 mcg/kg) initial dose groups. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance was employed to evaluate longitudinal changes in growth outcomes, and multivariate linear regression was utilised to evaluate the effects of clinical factors on the intelligence quotient (IQ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the study population, 84 of 144 children were prescribed an initial low dose of Levothyroxine. Most children in both initial dose groups showed appropriate growth within the normal range in the biennial growth evaluation from ages four to eight and in the Wechsler IQ exam. The initial dose seemed to not significantly affect the growth outcomes over time, as no significant differences between the low- and high-dose groups were observed (p values: 0.545, 0.609, 0.532, and 0.501 for bone age-chronological age, height z-score, weight z-score, and BMI z-score, respectively). The effect of the initial dose group on the full-scale IQ was also not statistically significant (p = 0.362).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated the favourable long-term outcomes in linear growth and neurodevelopment among children with CH, even in lower initial Levothyroxine doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hypertension in Obese Adolescents With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.","authors":"Asim Abbas, Aida Vahidi, Mastaneh Moghtaderi","doi":"10.1111/cen.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common diseases all over the world. HTN in young females is more common than in males because of the presence of some underlying disease, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is ubiquitous in adolescent girls and may induce sex hormone imbalances.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied the prevalence of HTN in adolescent girls suffering PCOS referred to the clinic during 1 year. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study investigating the clinical and paraclinical parameters of patients diagnosed with PCOS who were referred to our clinic in 2021. A checklist containing information on demographic findings, history, physical examination, clinical manifestations, and laboratory test results is used to collect patients' data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-five patients, 11 to 18 years old (mean 16 years), fulfilled PCOS criteria and enrolled in this study. The minimum and maximum systolic blood pressure of patients were 90 and 140 mmHg (mean 111 mmHg, standard deviation: 14.44), and the minimum and maximum diastolic blood pressure were 60 and 90 mmHg (mean 72 mmHg, standard deviation: 14.44). Five patients (11.1%) had HTN by definition, and the mean BMI was 28.1 (standard deviation: 8.3). Echocardiography showed LVH in 4 (8.9%) of patients, and 2 (4.4%) of the patients had hyperlipidemia. Other related findings were increased unwanted hair growth in 31 (68%), depression and anxiety diagnosed according to criteria and by psychiatric consultation in 22 (48.9%) cases, cardiovascular problems in 6 (13.3%) cases, diabetes mellitus in 7 (15.6%) of patients according to ADA 2018 guidelines, hypothyroidism in 4 (8.9%) and asthma in 6 (13.3%) of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although this study is a small one and was done in a single center, it supports the importance of PCOS in adolescent girls associated with or predisposing to other diseases such as HTN. Careful evaluation and close observation of these patients is critical because early diagnosis and management can prevent late and serious complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Serum Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio and Time in Range in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Yu Gong,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Qianqian Zhang,&nbsp;Zhangxiang Zhu,&nbsp;Guojuan Wang","doi":"10.1111/cen.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cen.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels are an important marker of metabolic disorders. However, SUA levels largely depend on renal clearance function. This study aims to investigate the correlation between serum uric acid to creatinine (SUA/SCr) ratio and time in range (TIR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TIR was assessed using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems in 514 hospitalized patients with T2DM. Biochemical parameters, including blood glucose, liver and renal function markers, and blood lipids, were measured. SUA/SCr was calculated, and its association with TIR was analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One-way ANOVA revealed significantly higher TIR levels in the SUA/SCrQ3 group compared to the Q1 group (72.90% [60.08%, 83.38%] vs. 80.20% [70.25%, 89.65%], <i>p</i> = 0.0084). Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analyses demonstrated an inverted <i>U</i>-shaped association between SUA/SCr and TIR after multivariable adjustment. Before the inflection point (SUA/SCr = 6.471), a positive correlation was observed (<i>β</i> = 1.402, <i>p</i> = 0.0379), indicating a 1.402% increase in TIR per 1-unit increase in SUA/SCr. Beyond the inflection point, a negative correlation emerged (<i>β</i> = −4.406, <i>p</i> = 0.0043), corresponding to a 4.406% decrease in TIR per 1-unit increase in SUA/SCr. Trend tests confirmed the statistical significance of these bidirectional associations. Interaction analyses indicated that gender, BMI, GLP1RA-therapy, SGLT2i-therapy did not significantly modify the SUA/SCr-TIR association (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05 for all). However, age significantly modified this relationship (<i>P</i> for interaction = 0.0240). Subgroup analysis by age revealed a curvilinear association in participants aged &lt; 65 years, with no significant association below the inflection point (SUA/SCr = 6.559; <i>β</i> = 0.796, <i>p</i> = 0.2803) but a significant negative association above it (<i>β</i> = −4.392, <i>p</i> = 0.0059). No significant association was found in participants aged ≥ 65 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An inverted <i>U</i>-shaped association exists between SUA/SCr and TIR in patients with T2DM, suggesting that maintaining SUA/SCr within a certain range may be a protective factor for TIR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":"103 5","pages":"682-691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a Personalized Prediction Model for Diabetic Lung Infection Based on Machine Learning.","authors":"Qian Shen","doi":"10.1111/cen.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop and validate a clinical feature-based nomogram to predict the risk of lung infection in diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 168 patients diagnosed with pulmonary infections at our hospital-comprising both diabetic and Nondiabetic individuals-were retrospectively enrolled and divided into a training cohort and an internal validation cohort. Feature selection was performed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis to construct the predictive nomogram. Model performance was evaluated through calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to assess predictive accuracy, calibration, and clinical utility, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate analysis identified advanced age, male sex, abnormal neutrophil count, elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels as independent risk factors for diabetic lung infection. A nomogram incorporating these variables and other clinically relevant predictors was constructed. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.919 (95%CI: 0.825-0.937) in the training set and 0.862 (95% CI: 0.819-0.912) in the validation set, indicating strong discriminative ability. Calibration curves demonstrated good agreement between predicted and observed outcomes. DCA confirmed the nomogram's clinical value across a wide range of threshold probabilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We developed a robust and clinically applicable nomogram for predicting the risk of pneumonia in diabetic patients with pulmonary infections. This model exhibits high accuracy and may assist clinicians in identifying high-risk individuals who could benefit from early preventive measures and timely interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid Hormones Correlate to the Therapeutic Effect of Ovulation Induction in Infertile Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.","authors":"Xuefei Hao, Shasha Liu, Hanjing Zheng, Qiuchen Wang, Lizhen Jin, Jing Ma","doi":"10.1111/cen.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting 5%-10% of reproductive-age women, accounting for 50%-70% of anovulatory infertility. Thyroid function, particularly the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and PCOS, has garnered attention due to its potential impact on metabolic and reproductive health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 143 infertile women with PCOS diagnosed based on the Rotterdam criteria. Participants underwent ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate following pretreatment with Diane-35. Serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured pre- and posttherapy. Outcomes were compared between therapy-responsive (n = 97) and nonresponsive (n = 46) groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated the predictive value of T3, T4, and TSH levels for treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in baseline T3, T4, and TSH levels were observed between responsive and nonresponsive groups (p < 0.001). Posttreatment, serum T3 and T4 increased while TSH decreased in the responsive group, whereas no significant changes were noted in the nonresponsive group. Combined ROC analysis of T3, T4, and TSH improved predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.88, sensitivity = 76.09%, specificity = 86.60%). Endometrial thickness positively correlated with T3 and T4 and negatively with TSH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thyroid hormones significantly influence the efficacy of ovulation induction in infertile women with PCOS. Combined T3, T4, and TSH measurements enhance predictive accuracy for therapeutic responses, providing a foundation for personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second Primary Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Insights From Competing Risk Analysis and Post-RAIT.","authors":"Mingjun Wang, Wenjie Chen, Peiheng Li, Yanping Gong","doi":"10.1111/cen.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improved cancer survival rates have highlighted second primary malignancies (SPMs), with the thyroid gland being one of the most common organs developing SPMs in cancer survivors. Second primary papillary thyroid carcinoma (2-PTC) is the predominant type, yet it remains poorly understood. This study aims to delineate the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of 2-PTC and assess the efficacy of postoperative radioactive iodine therapy (post-RAIT) in reducing mortality risks in intermediate-risk 2-PTC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the SEER-17 database (2004-2019), we identified 6399 2-PTC patients as Cohort 1 to analyze characteristics and outcomes, and 1743 as Cohort 2 to examine post-RAIT effects. Competing risk regression models were applied to assess mortality risks from prior primary malignancies (PPMs) and other causes. Propensity score matching and stabilized inverse probability treatment weighting with 500 bootstrap samples were used for robust analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Predominant demographic characteristics of 2-PTC patients included older age, female sex, and white ethnicity. Breast (25.5%), prostate (9.8%), and skin cancer (6.7%) were the most common PPMs. Unfavorable PPMs were found in 6.3% of patients. Despite lower cumulative mortality from 2-PTC compared to PPMs and other causes, post-RAIT did not significantly reduce mortality risks in Cohort 2, even among patients aged ≥ 55 years, with clinical stage IV disease, or unfavorable PPMs. Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survival prognosis for 2-PTC patients is generally favorable, and post-RAIT does not significantly affect mortality in intermediate-risk cases, indicating a need for reevaluation of its use.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Health in Women-Across the Lifespan.","authors":"Jaya Chandrasekhar, Jessica Yao, Simone Gong, Madhuka Wijayarathne, Monique Watts, Swati Mukherjee","doi":"10.1111/cen.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. However, CVD continues to be perceived as a predominantly male issue. CVD in women therefore remains understudied, underrecognized and undertreated. Starting in adolescence and extending into older age, lifestyle factors, psychosocial stressors, hormonal changes and pregnancy, significantly influence the cardiovascular health of women. This review provides a comprehensive overview of CVD in women, focusing on sex-specific risk factors, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment across the lifespan. The article seeks to raise awareness and provide insights into sex-specific prevention, diagnosis and management strategies. We highlight gaps in knowledge to underscore the importance of sex-based research that is crucial to improving outcomes for women with CVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10346,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}