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Multi‐Level Democracy 多人水平民主
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9337.2011.00483.x
C. Möllers
{"title":"Multi‐Level Democracy","authors":"C. Möllers","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9337.2011.00483.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2011.00483.x","url":null,"abstract":"Modern democratic polities regularly operate at several political levels. In the case of the EU at the level of the member‐states and the EU itself, and in addition at federal, regional, and municipal levels. Is there any democratic rule to determine which level is more legitimate than the others? The article argues that from a majoritarian perspective there is none. Individual citizens may have quite different preferences with regard to the level that is of particular political importance for them. The article critically analyses different concepts, from sovereignty to demos, subsidiarity, and the judicial review of competences, and tries to show that none of them can provide a solution to the dilemma. Instead, democratic theory has to assume that in the co‐evolutionary process of institutions and societies at different political levels, the question of the final say has to be left open.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122529565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Evaluating Election Platforms: A Task for Fiscal Councils? Scope and Rules of the Game in View of 25 Years of Dutch Practice 评估选举纲领:财政委员会的任务?从荷兰25年的实践看游戏的范围和规则
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-06-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1864564
F. Bos, C. Teulings
{"title":"Evaluating Election Platforms: A Task for Fiscal Councils? Scope and Rules of the Game in View of 25 Years of Dutch Practice","authors":"F. Bos, C. Teulings","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1864564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1864564","url":null,"abstract":"In some countries - the Netherlands, UK and USA - the expected economic implications of election platforms of political parties are evaluated by independent economic institutions prior to the election. This paper analyzes the merits and limitations of this process, taking 25 years of Dutch experience as a point of reference. In particular in times of financial crisis and unsustainable public finance, evaluation of election platforms can serve as a disciplining device for unrealistic or (time) inconsistent promises by politicians. More in general, it can help political parties to credibly inform voters about the implications of their platforms, to design more efficient policies and to reach consensus on them. It can also create a level playing field for political parties not represented in the government, in particular those with limited resources for economic information and expertise. However, there may be adverse effects, in particular when trade-offs are presented in an unbalanced way or when the rules of the evaluation provide too much room for gaming and free lunches.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126589613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Infrastructure Finance in Europe: Composition, Evolution and Crisis Impact 欧洲基础设施融资:构成、演变与危机影响
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-05-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1829921
Rien J. L. M. Wagenvoort, C. De Nicola, A. Kappeler
{"title":"Infrastructure Finance in Europe: Composition, Evolution and Crisis Impact","authors":"Rien J. L. M. Wagenvoort, C. De Nicola, A. Kappeler","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1829921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1829921","url":null,"abstract":"This article is the first attempt to compile comprehensive data on infrastructure finance in Europe. We decompose infrastructure finance by institutional sector (i.e. public versus private) into its main components, which consist of traditional public procurement, project finance and finance by the corporate sector, and analyse how the roles of the public and private sectors in financing infrastructure have evolved over time, especially during the recent economic and financial crisis. In contrast with government finance that is slightly up, private finance, in particular project finance through Publi-Private Partnerships, has fallen substantially during the recent crisis, reversing, at least temporarily, the longer-term trend of more private and less public financing of infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132779680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 70
Central Bank Transparency, the Accuracy of Professional Forecasts, and Interest Rate Volatility 中央银行的透明度、专业预测的准确性和利率波动
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1853644
M. Middeldorp
{"title":"Central Bank Transparency, the Accuracy of Professional Forecasts, and Interest Rate Volatility","authors":"M. Middeldorp","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1853644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1853644","url":null,"abstract":"Central banks worldwide have become more transparent. An important reason is that democratic societies expect more openness from public institutions. Policymakers also see transparency as a way to improve the predictability of monetary policy, thereby lowering interest rate volatility and contributing to economic stability. Most empirical studies support this view. However, there are three reasons why more research is needed. First, some (mostly theoretical) work suggests that transparency has an adverse effect on predictability. Second, empirical studies have mostly focused on average predictability before and after specific reforms in a small set of advanced economies. Third, less is known about the effect on interest rate volatility. To extend the literature, I use the Dincer and Eichengreen (2007) transparency index for twenty-four economies of varying income and examine the impact of transparency on both predictability and market volatility. I find that higher transparency improves the accuracy of interest rate forecasts for three months ahead and reduces rate volatility.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115451073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Do EU Rules of Origin Restrict Western Balkans’ Trade Performance? 欧盟原产地规则是否限制了西巴尔干的贸易表现?
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-04-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2232673
Katja Zajc, Andrej Kumar
{"title":"Do EU Rules of Origin Restrict Western Balkans’ Trade Performance?","authors":"Katja Zajc, Andrej Kumar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2232673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2232673","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to examine quantitative and qualitative aspects of trade flows of the Western Balkan Countries (WBCs) and to assess appropriateness of EU trade policy arrangements with respect to the system of cumulation of rules of origin towards the WBCs in the past decade. Due to bilateral cumulation of origin rules under SAAs and autonomous trade preferences prior to march 2009 exporters in WBCs have been constrained when using inputs from other countries from the region, as only inputs sourced from EU have been accepted as local content granting preferential status in the EU markets. The estimations of income elasticities of import demand confirm that growth of intra-regional WBCs’ imports of intermediates was slower than growth of total intra-regional imports in response to GDP growth - most significantly for Macedonia and Albania, while the opposite was the case for WBCs’ imports from EU-15 and from new EU member. Further, the results based on gravity model estimations for Croatia suggest that lack of cumulation of rules of origin do indeed have significantly negative impact on bilateral trade flows, in particular for trade with intermediates and food and beverages. More specifically, where there is no cumulation of rules of origin between Croatia and importing country exports of industrial supplies are estimated to be 24% lower than expected levels in case of the diagonal cumulation.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121475193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Transparency Regulation as a Remedy for Network Neutrality Concerns: Experimental Results 透明度监管作为网络中立性问题的补救措施:实验结果
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-11-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1709268
Jasper P. Sluijs, F. Schuett, B. Henze
{"title":"Transparency Regulation as a Remedy for Network Neutrality Concerns: Experimental Results","authors":"Jasper P. Sluijs, F. Schuett, B. Henze","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1709268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1709268","url":null,"abstract":"We present a research project in experimental law and economics about the effects of new transparency provisions in European telecommunications law on Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and end-users in broadband markets, with implications for the debate on network neutrality. Our experiment evaluates the effects of increased transparency about the actual quality of broadband Internet. We compare four treatments in which end-users have different amounts of information about broadband quality. We conclude that (1) more information about the quality of a broadband connection leads to higher total surplus and higher end-user surplus; (2) quality provided by ISPs increases with the level of transparency; (3) quality and efficiency are marginally higher when full information about quality is only available to some end-users, than when all end-users have imperfect information about quality. To these findings we attach a number of policy-related conclusions.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116257977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Anatomy of Civic Integration 公民融合的剖析
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-10-25 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2230.2010.00825.x
Dora Kostakopoulou
{"title":"The Anatomy of Civic Integration","authors":"Dora Kostakopoulou","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-2230.2010.00825.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.2010.00825.x","url":null,"abstract":"Recent legislation on migration and citizenship in Europe and the EU framework on integration require migrants to meet integration requirements in order to enter, reside, reunite with their families and naturalise in the host country. Mandatory language course attendance and examination tests are viewed as means of enhancing integration, which is now framed as a ‘two way’ process or a contractual agreement between migrants and the host society. Despite the deployment of the notion of a contract, integration is, in reality, a one way process aimed at procuring conformity, discipline and migration control. Civic integration rests on an artificial homogenisation and displays the same elements of paternalism and ethnocentricity that characterised past initiatives. The civic integration paradigm is a crucial feature of a renewed, albeit old-fashioned, nationpolitics used by political elites to provide answers to a wide range of issues and to elicit support for a controlling state in the first decade of the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116498997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 90
A Case Study in Political Clientelism: Romania's Policy-Making Mayhem 政治庇护主义个案研究:罗马尼亚政策制定混乱
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-10-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1686617
Alina Mungiu‐Pippidi
{"title":"A Case Study in Political Clientelism: Romania's Policy-Making Mayhem","authors":"Alina Mungiu‐Pippidi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1686617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1686617","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of creating a process based on rational, evidence based policymaking has not succeeded in Romania despite the existence of all formal institutions which could facilitate such a process. There is one essential feature which did not change after Romania’s EU accession: the state did not manage to gain more - in fact, sufficient - autonomy towards political parties to be able to organize itself at least at a medium level of authority as a modern policymaking agent. EU accession did not manage to improve Romania’s governance, bringing instead new resources for badly planned and clientelistic public spending.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127017970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Tourism Management and Planning in Bulgaria 保加利亚旅游管理与规划
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-05-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1599611
Stanislav Ivanov, M. Dimitrova
{"title":"Tourism Management and Planning in Bulgaria","authors":"Stanislav Ivanov, M. Dimitrova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1599611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1599611","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism is a key sector for the Bulgarian economy contributing to the balance of payment, economic growth and employment rate. The efficiency of tourism sector is closely related to the structure of its management and planning. This study focuses on the evolution of tourism development in Bulgaria and recapitulates the authorities and institutions in charge of tourism dating back to the World War II. It also describes in details the present situation of the tourism sector in Bulgaria, the structure of management, different aspects of national, regional and local policy in tourism as well as some key governmental and nongovernmental organization involved in tourism planning. Current issues, trends and problems in tourism planning are outlined, such as the need of improved regulation of the sector, introduction of preferential taxation, development of regional destination marketing organizations.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130634170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Did Employer Sanctions Lose Their Bite? Labor Market Effects of Immigrant Legalization 雇主制裁失去效力了吗?移民合法化对劳动力市场的影响
ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1631107
M. Lofstrom, Laura E. Hill, Joseph Hayes
{"title":"Did Employer Sanctions Lose Their Bite? Labor Market Effects of Immigrant Legalization","authors":"M. Lofstrom, Laura E. Hill, Joseph Hayes","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1631107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1631107","url":null,"abstract":"Taking advantage of the ability to identify immigrants who were unauthorized to work prior to obtaining Legal Permanent Resident status, we use the New Immigrant Survey to examine whether lacking legal status to work in the U.S. constrains employment outcomes of illegal immigrants. With the exception of high-skilled unauthorized immigrants, the data fail to reveal evidence of improved employment outcomes attributable to legal status. In light of evidence that unauthorized immigrants experienced increased wages as a result of receiving amnesty through the 1986 Immigration and Reform Control Act during the 1990s, we interpret the results as evidence of ineffective employer sanctions.","PeriodicalId":103361,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics (Topic)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124390186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
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