Clinical and Translational Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Exploratory immunogenicity outcomes of peanut oral immunotherapy: Findings from the PALISADE trial","authors":"Caroline Nilsson,&nbsp;Andrea Vereda,&nbsp;Magnus P. Borres,&nbsp;Mats Andersson,&nbsp;Eva Södergren,&nbsp;Magnus Rudengren,&nbsp;Alex Smith,&nbsp;Reyna J. Simon,&nbsp;Robert Ryan,&nbsp;Montserrat Fernández-Rivas,&nbsp;Daniel Adelman,&nbsp;Brian P. Vickery","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12326","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) to peanut and its components may influence the clinical reactivity to peanut. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is known for modifying both IgE and IgG4. Peanut oral immunotherapy may influence these serological parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exploratory analyses of serological data from participants receiving peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>) allergen powder-dnfp (PTAH) and placebo in the double-blind, randomized, phase 3 PALISADE trial were conducted to evaluate potential relationships between peanut-specific and peanut component–specific (Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, Ara h 6, Ara h 8, and Ara h 9) IgE and IgG4 levels and clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 269 participants (PTAH, <i>n</i> = 202; placebo, <i>n</i> = 67) were analyzed. No relationship was observed between specific IgE and IgG4 levels at screening and maximum tolerated peanut protein dose during screening or response status during exit double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). In PTAH-treated participants, no relationship was observed between IgE and IgG4 levels at screening and maximum symptom severity during exit DBPCFC. Postscreening ratios (ie, postscreening/screening) in the PTAH group were significant at the end of updosing and exit visit for most components. Postscreening changes in specific IgE levels were more pronounced with PTAH versus placebo for most components.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Specific IgE and IgG4 levels at screening are not correlated with screening or exit DBPCFC results, and are not predictive of clinical response to PTAH. Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>) allergen powder-dnfp contains the relevant and immunodominant allergens, inducing immunological changes with the treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02635776.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139488370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of nutritional habits, body mass index and intestinal microbiota in mastocytosis on clinical symptoms using conventional culture and next generation sequencing","authors":"Ewelina Harcęko-Zielińska,&nbsp;Marek Niedoszytko,&nbsp;Aleksandra Górska,&nbsp;Sylwia Małgorzewicz,&nbsp;Marta Gruchała-Niedoszytko,&nbsp;Marek Bronk,&nbsp;Slawomir Dąbrowski,&nbsp;Marta Chełminska,&nbsp;Ewa Jassem","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12310","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mastocytosis is a rare neoplastic disease of the bone marrow associated with the proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in various internal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. There are few studies describing the gut microbiome of patients with mastocytosis using next generation sequencing supported using traditional culture methods. The aims of the study were, firstly, the determination of nutrition habits, composition of the intestinal microflora and BMI in mastocytosis, and secondly, analysis of mastocytosis severity and symptoms depending on the composition of the intestinal microflora.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 47 patients with indolent systemic mastocytosis and 18 healthy controls. All participants gave their informed consent to participate in the study. The study consisted of 3 parts: I-clinical assessment, II - examination of the intestinal microflora using the biochemical method, III - 16S rRNA sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The nutrition habits and BMI of mastocytosis patients were similar to controls; however, most patients with mastocytosis had a low dietary vitamin and mineral content. As many as 94.5% of patients had too little fiber intake and mineral content. The most common cause of the abnormal stool test result with traditional culture was a titer of <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> &lt;10⁶. The low richness of microbiota species indicated by the Simpson index was observed in mastocytosis, <i>p</i> = 0.04. There were no significant differences in the composition of the intestinal microflora depending on the type of mastocytosis; however, the tryptase level correlated with the amount of Suterella, Barnesiellaceae, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, and Anaerostipes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The nutritional habits and BMI of mastocytosis patients are similar to the general population, except for too little fiber intake and mineral content. The gastrointestinal symptoms of mastocytosis patients may be related to the low richness of microbiota species and the amount of Suterella, Barnesiellaceae, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, Anaerostipes, which correlated with tryptase levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139436656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteria and viruses and clinical outcomes of asthma-bronchiectasis overlap syndrome: A cohort study","authors":"Xiao-xian Zhang,&nbsp;Jia-hui He,&nbsp;Cui-xia Pan,&nbsp;Zhen-feng He,&nbsp;Hui-min Li,&nbsp;Zhen-hong Lin,&nbsp;Xiao-fen Zhang,&nbsp;Lai-jian Cen,&nbsp;Ri-lan Zhang,&nbsp;Ming-xin Shi,&nbsp;Wei-jie Guan","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12331","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the high prevalence of co-existing bronchiectasis and asthma (asthma-bronchiectasis overlap syndrome [ABOS]), little is known regarding the dominant pathogens and clinical correlates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the bacteria and viruses which differentially dominate in ABOS (including its subtypes) compared with bronchiectasis alone, and determine their relevance with bronchiectasis severity and exacerbations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a prospective observational cohort study conducted between March 2017 and August 2023. We included 81 patients with ABOS and 107 patients with bronchiectasis alone. At steady-state baseline, patients underwent comprehensive assessments and sputum collection for bacterial culture and viral detection (quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction). Patients were followed-up to record exacerbation and spirometry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with ABOS had significantly higher symptom burden and exacerbation frequency than those with bronchiectasis alone. Despite similar pathogen spectrum, the rate of bacteria–virus co-detection increased less substantially at acute exacerbations (AE) onset than at steady-state compared with bronchiectasis alone. Pathogenic bacteria (particularly <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) were detected fairly common (exceeding 50%) in ABOS and were associated with greater severity of bronchiectasis when stable and conferred greater exacerbation risks at follow-up. Viral but not bacterial compositions changed substantially at AE onset compared with clinical stability. Higher blood eosinophil count, moderate-to-severe bronchiectasis and non-atopy were associated with higher odds of bacterial, but not viral, detection (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Detection of bacteria or virus is associated with bronchiectasis severity or clinical outcomes in ABOS. This highlights the importance of integrating sputum microbial assessment for ascertaining the dominant pathophysiology (atopy vs. infection) and longitudinal trajectory prediction in ABOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRUSE®—An innovative mobile application for patient monitoring and management in chronic spontaneous urticaria","authors":"Sophia Neisinger,&nbsp;Bernardo Sousa Pinto,&nbsp;Aiste Ramanauskaite,&nbsp;Jean Bousquet,&nbsp;Karsten Weller,&nbsp;Martin Metz,&nbsp;Markus Magerl,&nbsp;Emek Kocatürk,&nbsp;Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda,&nbsp;Ana M. Gimenez-Arnau,&nbsp;Claudio Alberto S. Parisi,&nbsp;Sabine Altrichter,&nbsp;Luis Felipe Ensina,&nbsp;Laurence Bouillet,&nbsp;Riccardo Asero,&nbsp;Margarida Gonçalo,&nbsp;Carole Guillet,&nbsp;Krzysztof Rutkowski,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Bernstein,&nbsp;Hannah Hardin,&nbsp;Kiran Godse,&nbsp;Zenon Brzoza,&nbsp;Jose Ignacio Larco Sousa,&nbsp;Simon Francis Thomsen,&nbsp;Martijn van Doorn,&nbsp;Michihiro Hide,&nbsp;Young-Min Ye,&nbsp;Staffan Vanderse,&nbsp;Lāsma Lapiņa,&nbsp;Jonny Peter,&nbsp;Zuotao Zhao,&nbsp;Lianyi Han,&nbsp;Iman Nasr,&nbsp;Heike Rockmann-Helmbach,&nbsp;Jennifer Astrup Sørensen,&nbsp;Rabia Öztaş Kara,&nbsp;Natalja Kurjāne,&nbsp;Andrii I. Kurchenko,&nbsp;Igor Kaidashev,&nbsp;Vladyslav Tsaryk,&nbsp;Roman Stepanenko,&nbsp;Marcus Maurer","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12328","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is unpredictable and can severely impair patients' quality of life. Patients with CSU need a convenient, user-friendly platform to complete patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) on their mobile devices. CRUSE^®, the Chronic Urticaria Self Evaluation app, aims to address this unmet need.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CRUSE^® was developed by an international steering committee of urticaria specialists. Priorities for the app based on recent findings in CSU were defined to allow patients to track and record their symptoms and medication use over time and send photographs. The CRUSE^® app collects patient data such as age, sex, disease onset, triggers, medication, and CSU characteristics that can be sent securely to physicians, providing real-time insights. Additionally, CRUSE^® contains PROMs to assess disease activity and control, which are individualised to patient profiles and clinical manifestations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CRUSE^® was launched in Germany in March 2022 and is now available for free in 17 countries. It is adapted to the local language and displays a country-specific list of available urticaria medications. English and Ukrainian versions are available worldwide. From July 2022 to June 2023, 25,710 observations were documented by 2540 users; 72.7% were females, with a mean age of 39.6 years. At baseline, 93.7% and 51.3% of users had wheals and angioedema, respectively. Second-generation antihistamines were used in 74.0% of days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The initial data from CRUSE^® show the wide use and utility of effectively tracking patients' disease activity and control, paving the way for personalised CSU management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139090754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by Schizophyllum commune","authors":"Tsuyoshi Oguma,&nbsp;Takashi Ishiguro,&nbsp;Katsuhiko Kamei,&nbsp;Jun Tanaka,&nbsp;Junko Suzuki,&nbsp;Akira Hebisawa,&nbsp;Yasushi Obase,&nbsp;Hiroshi Mukae,&nbsp;Takae Tanosaki,&nbsp;Shiho Furusho,&nbsp;Koji Kurokawa,&nbsp;Kentaro Watai,&nbsp;Hiroto Matsuse,&nbsp;Norihiro Harada,&nbsp;Ai Nakamura,&nbsp;Takuo Shibayama,&nbsp;Rie Baba,&nbsp;Kentaro Fukunaga,&nbsp;Hisako Matsumoto,&nbsp;Hisano Ohba,&nbsp;Susumu Sakamoto,&nbsp;Shinko Suzuki,&nbsp;Shintetsu Tanaka,&nbsp;Takahiro Yamada,&nbsp;Akira Yamasaki,&nbsp;Yuma Fukutomi,&nbsp;Yoshiki Shiraishi,&nbsp;Takahito Toyotome,&nbsp;Koichi Fukunaga,&nbsp;Terufumi Shimoda,&nbsp;Satoshi Konno,&nbsp;Masami Taniguchi,&nbsp;Katsuyoshi Tomomatsu,&nbsp;Naoki Okada,&nbsp;Koichiro Asano,&nbsp;Japan ABPM Research Program","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12327","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12327","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is an allergic disease caused by type I and type III hypersensitivity to environmental fungi. <i>Schizophyllum commune</i>, a basidiomycete fungus, is one of the most common fungi that causes non-<i>Aspergillus</i> ABPM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herein, we attempted to clarify the clinical characteristics of ABPM caused by <i>S. commune</i> (ABPM-Sc) compared with those of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with ABPM-Sc or ABPA were recruited from a nationwide survey in Japan, a multicenter cohort, and a fungal database at the Medical Mycology Research Center of Chiba University. The definition of culture-positive ABPM-Sc/ABPA is as follows: (1) fulfills five or more of the 10 diagnostic criteria for ABPM proposed by Asano et al., and (2) positive culture of <i>S. commune/Aspergillus</i> spp. in sputum, bronchial lavage fluid, or mucus plugs in the bronchi.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty patients with ABPM-Sc and 46 with ABPA were recruited. Patients with ABPM-Sc exhibited less severe asthma and presented with better pulmonary function than those with ABPA (<i>p</i> = 0.008–0.03). Central bronchiectasis was more common in ABPM-Sc than that in ABPA, whereas peripheral lung lesions, including infiltrates/ground-glass opacities or fibrotic/cystic changes, were less frequent in ABPM-Sc. <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E was negative in 10 patients (34%) with ABPM-Sc, who demonstrated a lower prevalence of asthma and levels of total serum IgE than those with ABPM-Sc positive for <i>A. fumigatus</i>-specific IgE or ABPA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical characteristics of ABPM-Sc, especially those negative for <i>A. fumigatus</i>-specific IgE, differed from those of ABPA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139063256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the effectiveness of the peptide inhibitor homologous to the transforming growth factor β cytokine blocking the TGFβRI/TGFβRII receptor complex—pilot study","authors":"Marynowski Mateusz,&nbsp;Karbownik Michał Seweryn,&nbsp;Szemraj Janusz,&nbsp;Kuna Piotr,&nbsp;Michał Gabriel Panek","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12320","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12320","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A key player in the fibrotic process is the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) which enhances extracellular matrix production by increasing the transcription of matrix proteins. The cytokine TGF-β first binds to the TGFβRII receptor (dimer), resulting in the recruitment of the TGFβRI receptor (dimer). The complex thus formed leads to the phosphorylation of the kinase domain of TGFβRI, which in turn results in activation of the Smad pathway. This is therefore a targeted pathway for research into the application of peptide inhibitors in blocking the TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to design a peptide inhibitor (homologous to the cytokine TGF-β) which, after binding to the TGFβRI/TGFβRII receptor, would block the cytokine binding and thus prevent the formation of an activating complex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preliminary work on the design and synthesis of inhibitors for TGFβRI/TGFβRII has allowed us to identify and describe five key regions of the TGF-β—TGFβRI/TGFβRII interface. The following five peptide inhibitors were synthesized for Region 1: 1.1 ALDAAYCFR, 1.2 LDAAYCFRN, 1.3 DAAYCFRNV, 1.4 AAYCFRNVQ, 1.5 AYCFRNVQD. The expression of the SEAP reporter gene, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, and JNK1 gene was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For Region 1 peptide inhibitors tested for TGFβRI/TGFβRII, reduced SEAP (reporter gene) expression was observed in cells of the MFB-F11 line, which suggests inhibited the formation of cytokine-receptor complexes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For IP1_2, 1_3 and 1_5 Region 1 peptides tested for TGFβRI/TGFβRII, reduced cytokine-receptor signal by adding newly designed inhibitors. The study revealed an impact of these peptide inhibitors on the reduction of mRNA expression of Smad2, Smad3, Smad4 and JNK1 genes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139062942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tolerance to heated egg in egg allergy: Explanations and implications for prevention and treatment","authors":"Audrey Leau,&nbsp;Sandra Denery-Papini,&nbsp;Marie Bodinier,&nbsp;Wieneke Dijk","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12312","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12312","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hen's egg allergy is the second most frequent food allergy found in children. Allergic symptoms can be caused by raw or heated egg, but a majority of egg-allergic children can tolerate hard-boiled or baked egg. Understanding the reasons for the tolerance towards heated egg provides clues about the molecular mechanisms involved in egg allergy, and the differential allergenicity of heated and baked egg might be exploited to prevent or treat egg allergy. In this review, we therefore discuss (i) why some patients are able to tolerate heated egg; by highlighting the structural changes of egg white (EW) proteins upon heating and their impact on immunoreactivity, as well as patient characteristics, and (ii) to what extent heated or baked EW might be useful for primary prevention strategies or oral immunotherapy. We describe that the level of immunoreactivity towards EW helps to discriminate patients tolerant or reactive to heated or baked egg. Furthermore, the use of heated or baked egg seems effective in primary prevention strategies and might limit adverse reactions. Oral immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy, but it can sometimes cause significant adverse events. The use of heated or baked egg might limit these, but current literature is insufficient to conclude about its efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139019193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food allergy: What are people looking for? An infodemiology study","authors":"Karla Robles-Velasco,&nbsp;Matias Panchana-Lascano,&nbsp;Flavio Veintemilla-Burgos,&nbsp;Romina Hinostroza,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Bernstein,&nbsp;Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12322","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.12322","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Food allergy (FA), an immunoglobulin E (IgE) reaction, is rising steadily over time.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; FA is present in 10% of the population, varying according to region.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Google's search engine has become a significant source of medical information; however, this information varies in quality. Google Trends (GTr) is a free online service that gives users access to current and historical data on Google searches from 2004 up to the present.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study aims to assess the public interest and information-seeking behavior regarding food allergies over a specified period. We conducted several searches on GTr (http://trends.google.com) on April 1st, 2023. The data was downloaded and compiled at once across 10 countries from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022. Based on a literature review indicating high prevalence in various countries three different types of food were selected as the primary allergens.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; These allergens were used as search topics in GTr, and include: “milk allergy,” “peanut allergy,” and “shellfish allergy.” The countries were selected using GTr performing a search for “Food allergy” as a topic with the \"worldwide\" category, we analyzed the countries with a relative search volume (RSV) score higher than 50. Ten countries were included: Australia, Canada, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Netherlands, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, and the USA. Ten different searches were performed, one search for each of the 10 countries. Each search containing the three allergens, and done under the category “Health” in GTr. RSV is a value that expresses the relation between a specific search concerning the overall searches on Google at a specific time among other modifiable variables. RSV ranges between 100 and 0 in descending order, the former being a high popularity and the latter a low one. For this study, search volume trends and interest over time were developed using Statistical Package for Social Science (version 21.0; SPSS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Over the years, there has been a noticeable growth in people's interest in searching about “food allergy” as a topic of search, as evidenced by increased Google search trends from 2012 to 2022 in the 10 countries examined. Although the interest in peanut allergy has been relatively low in the last decade, in the last 2 years there has been a prominent increase in searches in Australia, the USA, Finland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. On the other hand, there was a decreasing interest in Canada, Hungary, Ireland, and the Philippines. Milk allergy was the most searched topic in 6 out of 10 countries of interest, with a sharp spike since 2021 in Canada, the USA, and Australia. In contrast, “shellfish allergy” showed the lowest RSV, being only searched mainly in the Philippines and Singapore (Figure 1).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The related queries with the most interest were different terms and definitions for allergy, such as “allergy,” “allergi","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138822573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical relevance of pre- and coseasonal sublingual immunotherapy with a 300 index of reactivity 5-grass SLIT tablet in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis","authors":"Oliver Pfaar,&nbsp;Ulrich Wahn,&nbsp;Giorgio Walter Canonica,&nbsp;Farah Bahbah,&nbsp;Philippe Devillier","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12321","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is considerable interest in improving the scoring methods for evaluating the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) and to show if this is associated with clinically meaningful results from the patient's perspective. We aimed to assess the efficacy and clinical relevance of a 300 index of reactivity (IR) 5-grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablet in children, adolescents and adults with moderate to severe grass-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) with or without controlled asthma using the combined symptom and medication score CSMS_0-36.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data of the European population that participated in 3 Phase III, international, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials were analyzed post hoc.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 864 patients randomized to 300 IR 5-grass tablet or placebo were analyzed. Over the primary evaluation period, the difference in CSMS_0-36 between the 300 IR and placebo groups was statistically significant (point estimates: −2.51, CI_95% [−3.88; −1.14], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 in clinical trial1; −2.31, CI_95% [−3.39; −1.23], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 in CT2; and −2.31, CI_95% [−3.58; −1.03], <i>p</i> = 0.0004 in CT3). The relative differences between the 300 IR 5-grass tablet and placebo were −29.7%, −33.8%, and −26.3%, respectively. The results based on CSMS_0-36 were consistent with those obtained with the primary endpoints of the trials and support the consideration of the 2-point threshold of the CSMS_0-36 for clinical relevance of AIT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Post hoc analysis of 3 CTs with the 300 IR 5-grass SLIT tablet confirmed its significant and clinically relevant effect in the European population with grass pollen-induced ARC with or without controlled asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138739740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenaline auto injectors pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies and potential consequences for clinical practice","authors":"Margitta Worm,&nbsp;Adam T. Fox,&nbsp;Magnus Wickman,&nbsp;Johannes Ring,&nbsp;Motohiro Ebisawa,&nbsp;Guillaume Pouessel,&nbsp;Pete Smith","doi":"10.1002/clt2.12323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12323","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anaphylaxis is a sudden multisystem allergic reaction which may result in a fatal outcome if not treated promptly. Guidelines worldwide suggest intramuscular adrenaline as the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis outside a perioperative reaction. Adrenaline autoinjectors (AAIs) are widely used self-administrable devices, especially in community settings. Different commercial AAIs have been authorized to be marketed in Europe. For an AAI to be efficacious, a rapid adrenaline delivery in patients, including those who are overweight or obese, resulting in an optimal cardiovascular (CV) response, is a key feature. AAIs are designed to achieve this requirement, which is reflected in their differing functional properties such as primary container selection, drug delivery mechanism (cartridge-or syringe-based), needle length, needle gauge, and adrenaline dose (150 μg, 300 μg, or 500 μg). However, the differences in functional properties across these devices may play a critical role in achieving these requirements as well as the differences in ergonomics in the handling of these devices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> The purpose of this review</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Considering the dynamic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of different AAIs marketed in Europe and their effect on adrenaline delivery, the expert panel, also serving as author for this paper have carried out a detailed analysis of the PK/PD profiles of four AAIs, namely, Anapen, Emerade, EpiPen, and Jext, to delineate the adrenaline delivery and their subsequent physiological effects on the backdrop of device characteristics, dose strength, and the skin-to-muscle distances of the participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.12323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138739755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}