Clinical and Translational Allergy最新文献

{"title":"IL-25 Disrupts the Nasal Epithelial Barrier in an Adapter Act1-Dependent Manner","authors":"Baodan Zhang, Shenting Li, Qiqi Wang, Su Duan, Luo Zhang","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70165","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To the editor:</p><p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has become a significant public health issue that notably affects people’s health worldwide. The study further classifies CRS into localized type and diffuse type. Based on the differences in the intrinsic inflammatory response mechanisms of various types of lesions, diffuse CRS can be divided into eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) and non-eosinophilic CRS (non-eCRS), while the original diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is incorporated into diffuse CRS [<span>1</span>]. Each of the two aforementioned types of sinusitis can be further subdivided into two subtypes: with and without nasal polyps. Of these, the subtype with nasal polyps is strongly linked to epithelial barrier dysfunction and tissue hyperplasia driven by persistent chronic inflammation, and is also more refractory to curative therapy. In recent years, the concept of eosinophilic inflammation has been gradually evolving into the concept of type 2 inflammation [<span>1</span>]. Epithelial cells are a key regulatory hub in type 2 inflammatory networks: they are both targets of inflammatory injury and sensor-secretory effectors. The barrier disruption by allergens, pathogens, or physicochemical insults prompts their rapid secretion of epithelium-derived type 2 cytokines, which activate ILC2s and dendritic cells to initiate innate type 2 inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, IL-13 from Th2 cells and ILC2s induces epithelial phenotypic remodeling, exacerbating tissue damage and forming a self-sustaining inflammatory vicious cycle—initial epithelial barrier impairment triggers inflammatory signaling, which in turn further disrupts the barrier [<span>2</span>]. An intact and functional epithelial barrier characterized by tight junctions (TJs) plays a crucial defensive role in resisting the invasion of pathogens and pollutants. Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) is recognized as an essential core protein component of epithelial and endothelial tight junctions. Impairment in the structure and function of epithelial TJs is closely associated with the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.</p><p>IL-25, as an inflammatory mediator in a variety of inflammatory responses, is closely associated with the occurrence of asthma, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. First identified in 2001, IL-25 is mapped to chromosome 14q11 and belongs to the IL-17 cytokine family. Target cells, which encompass diverse epithelial cell populations within interface tissues including the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, skin and nasal mucosa (comprising ciliated epithelial cells, goblet cells, and basal epithelial cells), are the primary sites where IL-25 initially binds to its cognate receptor interleukin-17 receptor homolog 1 (IL-17Rh1) to form a functional complex [<span>3, 4</span>]. The process by which IL-25 induces diseases through disrupting the epithelial barrier has been extensively and thoroughly investig","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147509735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Disulfidptosis in the Local Inflammatory Response of Atopic Dermatitis","authors":"Dong-Mei Zhou, Cheng Chen, Yuan-Fen Liao, Xi-Meng Ma, Xin-Hui Gong, Cheng-Jun Cui, Yu-Bao Cui","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70163","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding cell death pathways is critical for elucidating the mechanisms underlying inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD). This study investigates the role of disulfidptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, in AD pathogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RNA-seq datasets GSE193309 and GSE121212 from GEO were analyzed to examine 43 disulfidptosis-related genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the limma package. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted to annotate biological functions and signaling pathways. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was applied to identify gene modules significantly associated with AD. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING data, and further visualized and analyzed with Cytoscape to identify core mRNA-pathway relationships involving disulfidptosis. Key disulfidptosis-related mRNAs were validated in the dataset GSE121212. Following house dust mite (HDM) extract treatment, disulfidptosis was induced in HaCaT cells, with characteristic F-actin collapse visualized by confocal microscopy and redox imbalance confirmed by an increased NADP<sup>+</sup>/NADPH ratio. Expression of disulfidptosis-related genes was quantified via RT-qPCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 4239, 3570, and 516 DEGs were identified between lesional skin (LS) and healthy control (HC), LS and non-lesional skin (NL), and NL and HC, respectively. WGCNA clustered these DEGs into 14 co-expression modules, five of which were significantly correlated with AD. Notably, the turquoise module showed the strongest association with LS and contained four disulfidptosis-related genes: <i>ACTB</i>, <i>GYS1</i>, <i>SLC7A11</i>, and <i>MYH9</i>. These four genes were consistently upregulated in LS compared to both NL and HC. Immunofluorescence staining showed F-actin contraction and membrane detachment in HDM-treated HaCaT cells, consistent with disulfidptotic morphology. A significant increase in the NADP<sup>+</sup>/NADPH ratio further supported disulfidptosis induction. qPCR confirmed upregulation of four key disulfidptosis-related genes (<i>ACTB</i>, <i>GYS1</i>, <i>SLC7A11</i>, and <i>MYH9</i>) in response to HDM exposure. Moreover, HDM treatment triggered a pronounced pro-inflammatory response, as evidenced by the elevated mRNA expression of cytokines IL-25, IL-33, TSLP, IL-6, and IL-8.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our finding","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Link Between Allergy and Hematological Malignancies? Focus on Possible Mechanisms and the Potential Role of Biological Therapies","authors":"Stefania Isola,&nbsp;Luca Gammeri,&nbsp;Federica Nuccio,&nbsp;Alessandro Allegra,&nbsp;Giorgio Walter Canonica,&nbsp;Sebastiano Gangemi","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Immune dysregulation has been widely recognized in the international literature as an underlying condition for hematological malignancies and allergic disorders. This commonality has led researchers to study the potential association, positive or negative, between blood cancers and allergy, but the results remain unclear. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying allergic inflammation appear to have dual effects on immune surveillance, potentially positively or negatively influencing carcinogenesis in solid tumors. The same mechanisms may also play a role in the genesis of hematological malignancies, but there is little evidence in the literature to support this. In our review, we explored the possible link between the immune pathways involved in allergic responses and the mechanisms underlying hematological malignancies, focusing on Th2 responses, the activity of inflammatory cells, cytokines, and the emerging role of alarmins. Furthermore, our review aims to assess the association between biologics and the risk of neoplastic disease, with a focus on hematological malignancies. A deeper understanding of shared immune dysregulation pathways and the interactions between various cell types could lead to new preventive or therapeutic approaches for patients with hematological malignancies. Understanding the complex roles of various cellular and molecular mediators of Th2 inflammation in stimulating or inhibiting tumor growth could be a key goal of future research, paving the way for innovative targeted therapies, especially at a time when immunotherapy and monoclonal antibody therapies are increasingly important and effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147431212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Adrenaline Devices for Treating Anaphylaxis: Results of a Joint Survey From the European Anaphylaxis Registry and the Allergy-Vigilance Network","authors":"Guillaume Pouessel,&nbsp;Sabine Dölle-Bierke,&nbsp;Lea Faust,&nbsp;Dominique Sabouraud-Leclerc,&nbsp;Yasemin Karaca-Altintas,&nbsp;Margitta Worm","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70162","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adrenaline auto-injectors (AAI) are underused to treat anaphylaxis. New adrenaline devices are currently under investigation or have been recently marketed. This survey aimed to assess the perspectives from allergy-trained physicians regarding the AAI use and their expectations about new adrenaline devices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This electronic survey was created by the European Anaphylaxis Registry and Allergy-Vigilance Network. It was proposed to their participants (March–April 2025) who were asked to rank their responses on a 11-point Likert scale (0: ‘not important’ to 10: ‘very important’). Results are presented as median with interquartile range.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and seventy-five physicians (allergists, 59.4%) participated in this survey. There were only few barriers to AAI prescriptions. Up to 65% of participants estimated the following features as very important for new adrenaline devices: prolonged shelf life (9 [7–10]), improved storage conditions (9 [5–9]), detailed pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic data (8 [7–10]), optimised dose ranging (8 [7–10]), availability in public spaces (8 [7–10]), devices easy to carry (8 [7–9]), needle-free device (8 [6–10]). A history of anaphylaxis treated with &gt; 1 adrenaline injection (7 [4–9]) or admitted to intensive care unit (7 [3–8]) were reported as the most important barriers to use new adrenaline devices. 75% of participants felt that recommendations from allergy societies and more clinical data are important measures to reduce barriers to new adrenaline devices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data provide insights from allergy-trained physicians into AAI limitations and expectations on new adrenaline devices. To advance them, input from allergy societies and more clinical data from anaphylaxis patients are needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147372329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into Api m 10-Isoforms and Splice Variants: More Than One Major IgE-Binding Epitope","authors":"Kathrin Elisabeth Paulus-Tremel,&nbsp;Michelle Beatrice Wolff,&nbsp;Natalija Novak,&nbsp;Nicola Wagner,&nbsp;Alisa Landgraf,&nbsp;Stefan Schülke,&nbsp;Thomas Holzhauser,&nbsp;Vera Mahler","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70151","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Honey bee venom (HBV) often triggers severe IgE-mediated allergies. The major allergen icarapin (Api m 10) has attracted attention due to low occurrence in some HBV immunotherapy products. Despite being a major allergen, little is known about the Api m 10 structure and IgE-binding regions. This study aimed to characterize its IgE-binding epitopes and structure in more detail.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overlapping Api m 10-specific peptides covering the sequences of the 11 known Api m 10-isoforms and variants were synthesized and spotted on microarray slides (15 amino acids (AA), off-set: 4 AA). Sera from 28 HBV-allergic patients with detectable Api m 10-specific IgE were used to characterize the distinct IgE-binding profiles to all Api m 10-variants. Sera from ten Api m 10-immunized BALB/c mice were used to investigate possible shared epitopes between humans and mice. All Api m 10-variants were investigated for secondary structural elements via circular dichroism spectroscopy and potential aggregation via dynamic light scattering.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 7 different linear IgE-binding motifs. All 28 patients' sera displayed IgE-binding to one specific area (present in Api m 10-isoforms 1 and 2 and putative splice variants 3, 4, 6), indicating a major IgE-epitope. IgE-inhibition provided evidence that the major epitope makes up less than 50% of the total IgE-binding capacity, suggesting that additional (most likely conformational) IgE-epitopes play an important role in Api m 10-sensitization. Api m 10-specific murine IgG and human IgE both predominantly bind to seven different AA-motifs, of which six are identical between both species. Api m 10-isoforms 1 and 2 displayed secondary structural elements and appeared to be aggregated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The structural, clinical and preclinical insights into Api m 10 and its immunodominant epitopes gained in this study provide substantial insights for the future development of active and passive VIT as well as further treatment approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Prebiotic Allergy: An Evaluation of Basophil Activation Induced by Galacto-Oligosaccharides","authors":"Si Yuan Leow,&nbsp;Hongmei Wen,&nbsp;Jian Yi Soh,&nbsp;Wen Chin Chiang,&nbsp;Youjia Zhong,&nbsp;Elizabeth Huiwen Tham,&nbsp;Wenyin Loh,&nbsp;Si Hui Goh,&nbsp;Dianne J. Delsing,&nbsp;Bee Wah Lee,&nbsp;Chiung-Hui Huang","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70150","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70150","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;To the Editor,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are composed of one to seven galactose units linked to a glucose unit. They are enzymatically produced prebiotics supplemented widely in commercial infant milk formulas and dairy beverages for their health benefits. However, cases of allergic or anaphylactic reactions to GOS have been limited to Southeast Asian countries, including Singapore [&lt;span&gt;1, 2&lt;/span&gt;], suggesting potential regional predisposing factors like genetic or environmental cofactors [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. In Singapore, &lt;i&gt;Blomia tropicalis&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Blo t&lt;/i&gt;), one of the most prevalent house dust mite species predominantly found in tropical and subtropical regions, is the putative primary sensitizer for GOS allergy [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Unlike conventional protein or glycoprotein allergens, GOS allergens are carbohydrates with molecular weight less than 2 kDa [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. In this study, we review our current understanding and provide new findings to address how GOS trigger basophil activation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;GOS allergy presents as a typical IgE-mediated food allergy, characterised by the rapid onset of type I hypersensitivity symptoms, following ingestion of GOS-supplemented products [&lt;span&gt;1, 2&lt;/span&gt;]. GOS-allergic patients demonstrate IgE sensitization to GOS, with positive skin prick tests and detectable GOS-specific IgE in plasma [&lt;span&gt;3, 6&lt;/span&gt;]. Moreover, indirect basophil activation tests (iBAT) revealed that wortmannin, a phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor, diminished GOS-induced basophil activation in donor basophils passively sensitized with plasma from GOS-allergic subjects [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. To confirm that GOS triggers basophil activation via IgE binding to FcεRI, we present here results of iBAT using omalizumab, an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody that blocks the binding of IgE to Fcε receptor. Basophils from atopic subjects without GOS allergy were stripped of surface IgE and passively sensitized with GOS-specific IgE from GOS-allergic patients' plasma, with or without preincubation with omalizumab. GOS-induced basophil activation was observed in basophils re-sensitized with GOS-allergic patient's plasma, but not in basophils that resensitization with omalizumab treated plasma (Figure S1). Collectively, these findings substantiate the notion that GOS allergy is IgE-mediated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The mechanism by which low molecular weight GOS cross-links IgE and activates basophils remains unclear. Low molecular weight allergens such as penicillin require binding to carrier proteins in plasma to activate basophils [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. Our previous studies explored whether carrier proteins in serum or cell surface proteins may facilitate basophil activation. We showed that GOS activates basophils independent of serum proteins [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], and galectins (lectins that bind &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-galactoside sugars) [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To evaluate whether other cellular membrane proteins are involved in GOS-induced basophil activation, we re","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12962392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147364045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An International Delphi Study on Barriers to On-Demand Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema Attacks","authors":"Aleena Banerji,&nbsp;Emel Aygören-Pürsün,&nbsp;Noemi-Anna Bara,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Bernstein,&nbsp;Stephen Betschel,&nbsp;Laurence Bouillet,&nbsp;Paula J. Busse,&nbsp;Teresa Caballero,&nbsp;Mauro Cancian,&nbsp;Danny M. Cohn,&nbsp;Timothy Craig,&nbsp;Henriette Farkas,&nbsp;Anete Sevciovic Grumach,&nbsp;Michihiro Hide,&nbsp;Sorena Kiani-Alikhan,&nbsp;Hilary J. Longhurst,&nbsp;William R. Lumry,&nbsp;Marc A. Riedl,&nbsp;Marcin Stobiecki,&nbsp;Anna Valerieva,&nbsp;Andrea Zanichelli","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70159","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by unpredictable and potentially life-threatening attacks of swelling. This international Delphi panel aimed to address questions related to on-demand treatment of HAE attacks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A modified Delphi method was conducted with three rounds of surveys. Two non-voting co-chairs designed and managed the surveys, data collection, and analysis with a third-party administrator. The international panel consisted of 19 expert HAE clinicians. Consensus was defined as ≥ 75% agreement with ≥ 75% of panelists voting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The panel confirmed 24 statements across five key areas related to on-demand treatment: defining “early” treatment, barriers to early administration, burden of treatment, tolerability and convenience, and patient–clinician interactions. Panelists defined early treatment as ≤ 60 min after onset of an HAE attack. Obstacles to early treatment include recognition of an HAE attack, and embarrassment/anxiety about administering parenteral treatment. Access to on-demand treatment (i.e., carrying medication, cost, insurance coverage, regulatory approval) can be a burden for patients with HAE, and increasing access may improve adherence to guidelines. Logistical obstacles of parenteral administration that impact convenience, tolerability concerns (e.g., side effects), and cost of medication can all limit early use of on-demand treatment. Additional options for on-demand therapies beyond parenteral treatments could reduce some of the burdens. Panelists agreed that patient–physician shared decision-making should be utilized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Delphi consensus statements demonstrate the need for accessible and convenient on-demand treatments for HAE attacks that will enable patients with HAE to improve adherence to guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12960019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergy to Cats: Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Options","authors":"Pascal Demoly,&nbsp;Myriam Zakariya,&nbsp;Ignacio Dávila,&nbsp;Giuseppe Scibilia,&nbsp;Valeria Ortolani,&nbsp;Javier Domínguez-Ortega,&nbsp;Karl-Christian Bergmann,&nbsp;Philippe Gevaert,&nbsp;Alain Didier","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70152","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma caused by cat dander have a highly variable prevalence across countries, which can reach 30% of the population in some regions. Cat allergens are widely distributed in the environment, making exposure nearly unavoidable, even in non-cat-owning households. Eight cat allergens have been identified, with Fel d 1 and Fel d 4 being particularly associated with the development and severity of asthma. Symptoms can range from mild nasal and eye symptoms to severe asthma exacerbations, with many patients experiencing polysensitization to other allergens. Management usually begins with allergen avoidance and pharmacotherapy, but these approaches are often insufficient. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), both sublingual (SLIT) and subcutaneous (SCIT), offers a disease-modifying strategy, though allergen potency, composition, standardization issues, and low prescription rates limit its use. AIT formulations that include allergens beyond Fel d 1, such as Fel d 4, show promise in improving cat-induced asthma and rhinitis outcomes. Additionally, novel approaches for antigen presentation or combination therapies with monoclonal antibodies may enhance the effectiveness and safety of AIT. To increase treatment success, personalized care using component-resolved diagnostics to identify sensitization profiles and better education for both physicians and patients are essential in the broader adoption of cat AIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12956482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T-Cell Populations in Infancy After Maternal Probiotic Supplementation to Prevent Atopic Dermatitis","authors":"Dinastry Pramadita Zakiudin,&nbsp;Anne Dorthea Bjerkenes Rø,&nbsp;Vibeke Videm,&nbsp;Gunnhild Vatne Leirvik,&nbsp;Marte Høen Lein,&nbsp;Torbjørn Øien,&nbsp;Melanie Rae Simpson","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70161","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the randomised, controlled study Probiotics in the Prevention of Allergy amongst Children in Trondheim (ProPACT), maternal probiotics given from 36 weeks pregnancy until 3 months post-delivery while breastfeeding reduced atopic dermatitis (AD) in the offspring. Previous analysis of T helper (Th) subsets indicated that the preventive effect may be partially mediated through reduced Th22 percentage at 3 months of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the longitudinal effects of maternal probiotics on Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22, and regulatory T cells (Treg) in offspring at 10 days and 2 years of age compared to the previously published 3 months results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pregnant women (<i>n</i> = 415) were randomised to take probiotic milk (<i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium animalis subsp</i>. <i>lactis Bb-12</i> and <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5</i>) or placebo, and their offspring were assessed for AD at 2 years. We analysed the children's blood collected at 10 days (<i>n</i> = 112) and 2 years (<i>n</i> = 156) for Treg and Th subsets using flow cytometry and included the results from the previously analysed 3 months samples (<i>n</i> = 76) in the same study to compare the three timepoints using linear mixed models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were no statistically significant differences between T cell populations of the children in the probiotics and placebo groups at 10 days and 2 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We previously observed reduced Th22 percentage in the probiotics group at 3 months. However, since the effect was not seen earlier and did not last, it may not be the main reason for AD prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12945665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147302991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Oral Immunotherapy With Pasteurized Egg White in Egg-Allergic Children Under 2 Years of Age","authors":"Silvia Karina Carrión Sari,&nbsp;Luis Martínez-Lostao,&nbsp;Carlos Colás Sanz,&nbsp;María Teresa Sobrevía Elfau","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70155","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70155","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;To the Editor:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Europe, the overall raw incidence of egg allergy in the first 2 years of life is 0.84% (0.78% in Spain) [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Few publications are available on the safety of oral immunotherapy (OIT) in young children [&lt;span&gt;2-4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our objective was to assess the possibility of desensitization after OIT with pasteurized egg white in patients under 2 years of age with egg allergy. This was a prospective observational analytical study in which children under 2 years of age with IgE-mediated egg allergy were recruited and received OIT with pasteurized liquid egg white (Huevos Guillén S.L.).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Children attending the Allergology Department of the Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa in Zaragoza, Spain, were recruited. All patients who met the inclusion criteria were included consecutively. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Autonomous Community of Aragón and informed consent was obtained from both parents.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Inclusion criteria were history of immediate reaction (&lt; 1h) after ingestion of egg; IgE &gt; 0.35 kU/L and/or skin prick test (SPT) wheal ≥ 3 mm to at least 1 egg fraction (egg white, yolk, ovalbumin or ovomucoid); and a positive oral food challenge (OFC) with boiled egg. OFC was performed on all patients except those with a history of anaphylactic reaction (diagnosed according to Sampson's criteria [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]) or ≥ 2 immediate reactions in the last 3 months. SPT and determinations of specific IgE (sIgE), specific IgG4 (sIgG4), and sIgE/total IgE ratio were performed at T1 (baseline), at T2 (end of dose escalation phase), and at T3 (6 months after T2).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;During the induction phase, increasing doses of pasteurized egg white were administered weekly in the hospital (Supporting Information S1: Table S1). The final dose was 30 mL of egg white (3300 mg of protein, the amount of egg white in a medium-sized egg). Between the increments, the dose tolerated in the clinic was repeated daily at home until the next visit. An OFC with natural raw egg was performed during the T2 visit to verify total desensitization. The maintenance phase, lasting 6 months, consisted of administration of the total dose (30 mL) on alternate days for a period of 15 days, followed by ingestion of 1 egg prepared in different ways (boiled, scrambled, baked, etc.), including undercooked preparations (mayonnaise, mousse, etc.) at least 3 times a week, until the T3 follow-up visit. Adherence was monitored by parental reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A total of 31 patients were recruited, 17 (54.8%) females and 14 (45.2%) males. Mean age at presentation of the first symptom was 9.6 months (SD 2.48). Median age at the start of OIT was 14 months (range 9–26). Median age at diagnosis was 11 months (IQR: 3.71). Fifteen (48.39%) patients had a history of atopic dermatitis; 11 (35.48%) patients had previously presented wheezing. Eleven (35.48%) patients had a history of other food allergies, and 15 (53.57%) had a family history of aller","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12945664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147302891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}