Clean-soil Air Water最新文献_第2页

Exploring Simulation–Optimization for Sustainable Groundwater Management: A Critical Review

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202300471

Shreyansh Mishra, Shishir Gaur, Mariem Kacem, Anurag Ohri

{"title":"Exploring Simulation–Optimization for Sustainable Groundwater Management: A Critical Review","authors":"Shreyansh Mishra, Shishir Gaur, Mariem Kacem, Anurag Ohri","doi":"10.1002/clen.202300471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202300471","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Simulation–optimization (S–O) is a well-regarded method for solving groundwater (GW) management problems. Although S–O has significantly improved the decision support system for GW management, it still lacks practical applicability. As a result, many researchers have been improving its components, leading to slightly or significantly better performance. To understand these challenges efficiently, this article delves into principal components of S–O that offer in-depth critical insights into GW's sustainability. The discussed segments are divided into simulation models, optimization methods, categories and conceptualization of management problems, and the formulation of real-world objective functions. This review also examines surrogate-assisted simulation models to reduce computational challenges. Methods to address model uncertainty and decision-making in applying S–O for sustained yield problems are addressed. The review outlays critical steps in S–O methodology and recommends potential research directions to aid researchers in further enhancing the practicality of S–O.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Delineating Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones in the Semi-Arid Eastern Plains of Rajasthan, India

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202400013

Vipin Garg, Manish Kumar, Milap Dashora, Rajesh Kumar, Amit Singh, Alok Kumar

{"title":"Delineating Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones in the Semi-Arid Eastern Plains of Rajasthan, India","authors":"Vipin Garg, Manish Kumar, Milap Dashora, Rajesh Kumar, Amit Singh, Alok Kumar","doi":"10.1002/clen.202400013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202400013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surface and subsurface anomalies, hydrological conditions, and dynamic interactions between embedded thematic layers influence groundwater recharge potential (GRP). Conducting a GRP study plays an essential role in promoting the sustainable use of groundwater resources amid a growing population and unplanned urbanization. This study focuses on assessing GRP in the semi-arid eastern plains of Rajasthan by delineating groundwater potential zones (GPZs) using an integrated approach involving remote sensing and geographical information system (RS-GIS) technique and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. Research findings indicate that the region dominated by fine sand, silt and clay, pediment-pediplain complex, aeolian sand sheet, higher drainage density, cambisols soil, river channels, floodplains, water bodies, soil hydraulic conductivity and higher surface wetness significantly contributed to good recharge potential in plains of the region. Additionally, lineaments, hills and valleys regulate water movement. A strong negative correlation (–0.78) between decadal-mean-depth fluctuation and GPZs frequency classes validates identifying high potential zones in areas with low mean-depth fluctuation. Sensitivity analysis highlights geology and geomorphology as crucial factors. However, the study addresses potential limitations and challenges, such as data scaling and spatial resolution issues due to nonlinear pixel fusion algorithms and AHP method-related limitations in model interpretation. The current study presents a convenient approach for improving groundwater resource management in hydrogeologically sensitive and drought-prone regions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Holistic Management of Wastewater Pollution Through Biological Treatment: A Sustainable Future 通过生物处理全面管理废水污染：可持续的未来

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202400059

Bidisha Chatterjee, Stootee Baruah, Deepsikha Chatterjee, Sharadia Dey, Arup Kumar Mitra

{"title":"Holistic Management of Wastewater Pollution Through Biological Treatment: A Sustainable Future","authors":"Bidisha Chatterjee, Stootee Baruah, Deepsikha Chatterjee, Sharadia Dey, Arup Kumar Mitra","doi":"10.1002/clen.202400059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202400059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global population is increasing at an elevated speed leading to the expansion of urbanization at the cost of environmental degradation, especially aquatic ecosystem pollution due to the enhanced discharge of wastewater. These aquatic ecosystems are primarily polluted by potentially toxic elements, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, dyes, plastics, pesticides, organic compounds, and molecules present in fertilizers, household wastes, industrial effluents, and sewage discharge. The enhanced deterioration of water bodies has led to the search for natural solutions for a sustainable ecosystem. The utilization of the natural microbial flora of the aquatic ecosystem for remediation, more popularly known as bioremediation, is of global interest because of its cost-effectiveness and eco-friendly approach. Bioremediation can be broadly categorized into bacterial remediation, mycoremediation, and phytoremediation and is more commonly studied for soil pollution. However, in this review, we discuss bioremediation techniques and mechanisms with respect to water pollution. Aquatic microbes utilize the toxic components present in wastewater as a substrate for their own metabolism by acting as a biologically active methylator or by chemical alteration of the toxicants into less harmful products, thus degrading the toxic environmental pollutants into nontoxic products thereby eliminating their detrimental effects. Microalgae used in phytoremediation also help to elevate the dissolved oxygen level in the aquatic ecosystem thereby reducing the probability of eutrophication. This review represents the study of diverse pollutants remediation and a method involving microbial consortia in a bioreactor for optimum efficacy at minimum cost.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving Soil Resilience and Crop Productivity Through Recycling of Spent Mushroom Substrate: A Transition Towards Circular Economy in Hill Agriculture

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202400050

Sudheer Kumar Annepu, Raja Pushpanathan, Rajan Karuppasamy, Sundarambal Palanisamy, Kannan Kurathalvar, SM Vanitha, Anupam Barh, Mahantesh Shirur, Poonam Khatri

{"title":"Improving Soil Resilience and Crop Productivity Through Recycling of Spent Mushroom Substrate: A Transition Towards Circular Economy in Hill Agriculture","authors":"Sudheer Kumar Annepu, Raja Pushpanathan, Rajan Karuppasamy, Sundarambal Palanisamy, Kannan Kurathalvar, SM Vanitha, Anupam Barh, Mahantesh Shirur, Poonam Khatri","doi":"10.1002/clen.202400050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202400050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unlike make–use–dispose practice in the linear economy, the circular economy aims to achieve make–use–recycle–reuse to realize higher environmental gains with minimum costs. In the present study, cultivation of <i>Agaricus bisporus</i> was attempted, and 20.4 kg of fresh mushroom yield was harvested per 100 kg of compost. The leftover spent mushroom substrate (SMS) after harvesting the mushrooms was further re-composted to convert it into spent mushroom compost (SMC). French beans were raised in a field trial with SMC prepared by different methods, and a maximum yield of 11.15 t ha<sup>−1</sup> was recorded with the application of SMC enriched with rock phosphate at 2% w/w. SMC had exhibited a strong de-acidifying effect in the soils of the high-rainfall temperate region of the Western Ghats, India. The soil organic carbon increased significantly by 29% than the untreated control, and the soil micro-aggregates increased significantly from 6.72% in the pre-treated soil to 37.39% in SMC-treated soil. Soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux at the field conditions was found to be 26.5% lower in SMC-treated soil (0.47 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>) than the recommended practice of application of farmyard manure (0.64 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>) in the study area. High-throughput sequencing to study the fungal biota revealed that SMC-applied soils were dominated by the genus <i>Mortierella</i>. Adopting circular economy practices in hill agriculture can lead to more resilient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly agricultural systems, which are essential for the long-term viability of agriculture in these regions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anaerobic Naphthalene Biotransformation Coupled to Sulfate Reduction 厌氧萘生物转化耦合硫酸盐还原

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202400049

Aparna Yadu, Biju Prava Sahariah, Jayapal Anandkumar

{"title":"Anaerobic Naphthalene Biotransformation Coupled to Sulfate Reduction","authors":"Aparna Yadu, Biju Prava Sahariah, Jayapal Anandkumar","doi":"10.1002/clen.202400049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202400049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a diverse group of hazardous and toxic pollutants widely distributed in the environment. The anaerobic degradation is a promising technique for the removal of recalcitrant aromatic hydrocarbons from waste stream. In this study, anaerobic degradation of naphthalene (NAP) was investigated by using cow dung-enriched mixed microbial consortia with varying NAP and sulfate concentrations. The maximum removal of NAP (99.8%) and sulfate (68%) was achieved while varying the sulfate concentration from 50 to 500 mg/L in 500 mg/L NAP influent concentration. 41.9 mg/L of sulfate was generated during this study. Similarly, when NAP concentration was varied from 100 to 1000 mg/L, 84% of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 74% of sulfate, and 92% of NAP were observed at constant sulfate concentration of 250 mg/L. This result reveals that sulfate concentration had no significant effect on NAP degradation. NAP mineralization was evidenced by the formation of sulfide and production of metabolites with decreasing NAP concentration. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) confirmed the formation of metabolites like naphthol and 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene due to monooxygenation at C-1 as part of the metabolic pathway. The rate of NAP, COD, and sulfate removal followed the first-order kinetics with high regression coefficients while varying the influent NAP concentrations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commercial Blue Textile Dye Decolorization Using Aspergillus oryzae RH1 Isolated From Fermented Miso 利用发酵味噌中分离的米曲霉RH1对商品蓝色纺织染料进行脱色

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202300455

Ricky Handersen, Joan Christie Wijaya, Hans Victor, Jonathan Suciono Purnomo, Melanie Cornelia, Bambang Kiranadi, Eduwin Pakpahan, Reinhard Pinontoan

{"title":"Commercial Blue Textile Dye Decolorization Using Aspergillus oryzae RH1 Isolated From Fermented Miso","authors":"Ricky Handersen, Joan Christie Wijaya, Hans Victor, Jonathan Suciono Purnomo, Melanie Cornelia, Bambang Kiranadi, Eduwin Pakpahan, Reinhard Pinontoan","doi":"10.1002/clen.202300455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202300455","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The improper treatment of effluents from the textile industry is associated with severe health and environmental hazards. This study aimed to isolate and characterize miso-paste fungi that can decolorize commercial blue textile dyes (identified as Reactive Violet 5 [RV5] through spectral comparison). Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the optimal decolorization conditions, whereas molecular docking was performed to propose an enzymatic degradation mechanism. One colony, displaying the typical morphological characteristics of <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> common in miso-paste starters, exhibited high decolorization potential for RV5. Validation of the RSM analysis using whole fungus <i>A. oryzae</i> RH1 revealed a decolorization performance of 92.33% under the following optimized conditions: 33°C, pH 6.2, dye concentration of 200 ppm, and incubation period of 6 days. The optimal conditions for dye degradation via enzymatic catalysis, with peroxidase as the enzyme, were 51°C and pH 3.0, resulting in a decolorization performance of 48.95% after 60 min of incubation. Molecular docking analysis suggested that the DyP-type peroxidase produced by <i>A. oryzae</i> RH1 can oxidize the azo bond, which is the chromophore group of RV5. In addition, biosorption was found to play a significant role in the decolorization of <i>A. oryzae</i> RH1. Altogether, these findings lay the basis for the use of <i>A. oryzae</i> RH1 in bioreactor systems for textile wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable Bio-Adsorbents From Banana Post-Harvest Agricultural Residues: Kinetics, Equilibrium, and Mechanism Prospection of Methylene Blue Dye Adsorption

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202400020

Laura Alessandra Prado Milani, Ana Carolini Córneo Zanette, Natalí Bianca Rafael Olária Dauzacher, Denis Depieri Crippa, Graziele Vefago Boaventura Possenti, Rodrigo Battisti

{"title":"Sustainable Bio-Adsorbents From Banana Post-Harvest Agricultural Residues: Kinetics, Equilibrium, and Mechanism Prospection of Methylene Blue Dye Adsorption","authors":"Laura Alessandra Prado Milani, Ana Carolini Córneo Zanette, Natalí Bianca Rafael Olária Dauzacher, Denis Depieri Crippa, Graziele Vefago Boaventura Possenti, Rodrigo Battisti","doi":"10.1002/clen.202400020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202400020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Water pollution from industrial-colored effluents, generated by large volumes of liquid effluents containing synthetic dyes, generally harmful and non-biodegradable, affects environmental biota and human health. Considering the potential use as bio-adsorbents of agro-industrial residues, in the present work insights into the kinetics, equilibrium, and mechanism of the methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption by six bio-adsorbents produced from the post-harvest residues from the banana tree, a widely cultivated crop in Brazil, were investigated. The six prepared bio-adsorbents were tested to verify the adsorption capacity as gross residues, after carbonization, and after alkaline-chemical activation. Bench-scale experiments conducted at different conditions showed that experimental data were better described by the Langmuir isotherm, by the intraparticle diffusion model (with external diffusion being the dominant step), followed by the pseudo-second-order model, indicating the predominance of monolayer chemisorption. In addition, maximum adsorption capacities ranged between 10.55 and 25.51 mg/g, with a higher dye removal rate at alkaline pH. The adsorption of the MB dye onto the six produced bio-adsorbents occurred through both polar and nonpolar interactions. The overall study indicated that both the pseudo-stem and the leaves from post-harvest banana crops could be a cost-effective natural bioresource for producing efficient and sustainable bio-adsorbents for treating colored liquid effluents.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Issue Information: Clean Soil Air Water. 11/2024 问题信息：清洁土壤、空气和水。11/2024

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202470111

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of Textile Effluent Treatment Efficiency Using Anaerobic Process

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202400009

Saurabh Samuchiwal, Saurabh Saraswat, Vivek Kumar Nair, Aman Chaudhary, Anushree Malik

{"title":"Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of Textile Effluent Treatment Efficiency Using Anaerobic Process","authors":"Saurabh Samuchiwal, Saurabh Saraswat, Vivek Kumar Nair, Aman Chaudhary, Anushree Malik","doi":"10.1002/clen.202400009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202400009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prediction of pollutants removal efficiency from the generated effluent of a treatment plant is valuable and can reduce the time, sampling and energy required during performance assessment. The present study aims to predict the effect of different input parameters on the treatment efficiency of the developed microbial-based anaerobic process for textile effluent using machine leaning algorithms. The decolourisation and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction of the treated effluent were predicted on the basis of the three different input parameters pH, COD and colour value of the textile wastewater. The effectiveness of different machine learning algorithms, support vector machines (SVM), random forest (RF), gradient boost regressor (GBR), AdaBoost, extreme gradient boosting (XGB) regressor and voting regressor, were evaluated based on the correlation coefficient (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>) value. The results revealed that the RF achieved the highest accuracy for decolourisation (training data <i>R</i><sup>2</sup>: ∼0.85 and test data <i>R</i><sup>2</sup>: ∼0.84) as well as COD reduction (training data <i>R</i><sup>2</sup>: ∼0.87 and test data <i>R</i><sup>2</sup>: ∼0.94) compared to the other algorithms. These results were validated experimentally, confirming that RF can be used as a tool to predict the performance efficiency of a microbial-based treatment system.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comprehensive Review on the Biofilm-Mediated Removal of Nitrogen and Chemical Oxygen Demand From Different Wastewater Sources 生物膜对不同废水源中氮和化学需氧量的去除研究综述

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Clean-soil Air Water Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/clen.202300282

Modhurima Misra, Pranati Das, Anshita Mehra, Soham Chattopadhyay

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on the Biofilm-Mediated Removal of Nitrogen and Chemical Oxygen Demand From Different Wastewater Sources","authors":"Modhurima Misra, Pranati Das, Anshita Mehra, Soham Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1002/clen.202300282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202300282","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Discharging effluents with high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen content into the environment threatens human and aquatic life. An increase in nitrogen load results in depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO), eutrophication, ecological stress, and biodiversity loss. Intake of water containing excess nitrate can cause different diseases. Conventional physicochemical nitrogen removal techniques are expensive and also generate secondary pollutants. In contrast, biological methods offer effective and economical outcomes with global acceptance. Biofilm-based techniques have the advantages of low space requirement, resistance toward toxic shocks, and absence of sludge backflow. The carriers used in biofilm reactors allow the growth of heterogeneous microbial consortia, which can simultaneously remove COD, nitrogenous compounds, and phosphates. This review aims to summarize the outcomes of the individual lab-scale research in this area, critically analyze the scientific findings, and understand the research gap. Conventional nitrification–denitrification and anammox have often been replaced by more efficient approaches such as simultaneous nitrification–denitrification, partial nitrification–denitrification, partial nitritation and anammox, and simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification. Multistage moving bed biofilm reactors have been specially designed with step feeding for complete nitrogen removal. Through anammox in a sequencing batch reactor, a high rate of denitrification could be obtained, whereas simultaneous nitrification–denitrification using a membrane bioreactor resulted in almost complete removal of nitrogen. We expect that this review will provide the direction for designing experiments on enhanced removal of nitrogen and COD from different wastewater sources using microbial biofilms.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0