Clean-soil Air Water最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic Changes and Impact on Premature Mortality of Air Pollution in Beijing Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Restrictions","authors":"Yu Liu,&nbsp;Binwei Wu","doi":"10.1002/clen.70288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70288","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Air pollution is a major threat to human health. The restriction policies adopted in response to the spread of COVID-19 had a significant effect on air pollution. In this paper, we studied the changes in air pollution in Beijing from 2019 to 2023 and the associated impact on premature mortality. PM_2.5, NO₂, SO₂, and CO concentrations have continued to decrease since the COVID-19 outbreak. Notably, the decrease in “Traffic” stations in 2020 exceeded that of “Urban” and “Rural” stations. This reflects the significant suppression of anthropogenic emissions, especially traffic emissions, in Beijing during the COVID-19 lockdown period. When the lockdown was eased in 2023, the concentrations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and NO₂ increased to varying degrees (approximately 10%–40%). The AQI reflects the same characteristics, with continuous improvement from 2019 to 2022 and deterioration in 2023. In summer, the AQI was affected mainly by the lockdown policy, whereas in winter, the effects of the policy were superimposed by atmospheric conditions. The AirQ+ results show that the COVID-19 restrictions significantly reduced the attributable fraction of deaths due to air pollution. However, PM₁₀, NO₂, and O₃ still pose considerable threats to the respiratory and circulatory systems of Beijing residents. Even if the concentration of pollutants decreases, the estimated number of deaths may still increase in the context of the continued increase in the population at risk; thus, it is necessary for local authorities to focus on controlling air pollution.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peanut Shell Biochar From Oxygen-Limited and Nitrogen Pyrolysis for SO2 and Toluene Adsorption","authors":"Xinyu Ren,&nbsp;Li Zhao,&nbsp;Yu Gao,&nbsp;Zhonghao Yan,&nbsp;Lijun Ma,&nbsp;Xinyi Wu","doi":"10.1002/clen.70290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70290","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated peanut shell-derived biochars prepared via oxygen-limited pyrolysis (PSA, 300°C–600°C) and nitrogen-pyrolysis (PSN, 300°C–700°C) as adsorbents for SO₂ and toluene removal from dry flue gas. Increasing pyrolysis temperature enhanced textural properties, with surface areas reaching 281.6 m²·g⁻¹ (PSA600) and 222.73 m²·g⁻¹ (PSN700), while oxygen-containing groups decreased and aromatic carbon and crystalline minerals (SiO₂, CaCO₃) increased. XPS confirmed stabilized active sites (pyridinic N, C–O/C–N) at higher temperatures, facilitating pollutant capture. Adsorption performance improved with temperature: PSA600 achieved a toluene adsorption capacity of 50.6 mg·g⁻¹ (2.37× PSA300), and PSN700 achieved an SO₂ adsorption capacity of 24.8 mg·g⁻¹ (11.26 × PSN300). Kinetic modeling showed temperature-dependent rate-limiting steps, but high <i>R</i>² values for both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models indicated that kinetics alone cannot unambiguously reveal the mechanism, requiring complementary characterization. Overall, pyrolysis temperature and atmosphere jointly govern the trade-off between pore development and surface chemistry, providing a basis for the rational design of low-cost biochars for multi-pollutant control and agricultural waste valorization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient and Biochar Integration for Sustainable Rice Farming","authors":"Muhammad Muneeb Ahmad,&nbsp;Sobia Shahzad,&nbsp;Fahd Rasul,&nbsp;Noreen Zahra,&nbsp;Muhammad Sajid,&nbsp;Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur,&nbsp;Ayman A. Ghfar,&nbsp;Pankaj Sharma,&nbsp;Azamal Husen","doi":"10.1002/clen.70286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70286","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excessive and long-term fertilizer application degrades soil quality and negatively affects rice productivity. Integrated use of mineral fertilizer and biochar is an effective strategy to improve soil fertility and promote sustainable agricultural productivity. In the current research, the effect of different biochar doses in combination with reduced fertilizer dose was assessed on two rice varieties V1 (Super Basmati) and V2 and Al-Khalid Basmati). During the planting phase, four different treatment combinations including BF1 (0 t ha⁻¹ biochar + 149: 89: 62 kg ha^−1; NPK) and 5 t ha⁻¹ (biochar F2), 10 t ha⁻¹ (biochar F3), and 15 t ha⁻¹ (biochar F4) biochar doses with + 80% of recommended fertilizer (119: 71: 50 kg ha⁻¹; NPK) were added in the soil before conducting ongoing experiment. Plant height (cm), the number of tillers (m⁻²), panicle length (cm), harvest index (%), number of spikelets per panicle, grain yield (tons ha⁻¹), biological yield (tons ha⁻¹), and 1000-grain weight (g) were increased with the application of biochar. In conclusion, the performance of BF2 followed by BF3, FB4, and BF1 improved yield irrespective of varietal differences. In addition, higher rice productivity was affirmed by V2 variety as compared with V1. Biochar coupling with fertilizer in reduced combinations increased the organic matter, and nutrient dynamics that ensured promoted growth and yield attributes of rice by minimizing fertilizer demands. Therefore, an integrated dose of 5 t ha⁻¹ combined with reduced fertilizer application is recommended to enhance the yield potential of rice while maintaining agroecosystem sustainability and ecological balance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-CaFe Layered Double Hydroxide Hydrogel Beads for Phosphorus Recovery and Agricultural Reuse","authors":"Maggie L. Gao,&nbsp;Jianjun Chen","doi":"10.1002/clen.70287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70287","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phosphorus (P) loss to aquatic systems poses a dual challenge of eutrophication and depletion of finite phosphate-rock resources. This study developed chitosan (CS) hydrogel beads containing CaFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) for phosphate removal and potential nutrient reuse. Incorporation of CaFe-LDH increased the BET specific surface area from 6 to 28 m² g⁻¹ and enhanced phosphate adsorption. Among six formulations, CS/CaFe4 exhibited the highest phosphate adsorption capacity and was selected for further evaluation. Phosphate adsorption approached equilibrium within approximately 8 h. The maximum experimental adsorption capacity was approximately 42 mg P g⁻¹, and the Langmuir-estimated maximum capacity was 41.8 mg P g⁻¹, although the Freundlich model provided a slightly better fit than the Langmuir model. Phosphate adsorption remained relatively stable from pH 4 to 11 but declined sharply at pH 3. Cl⁻, NO₃⁻, and SO₄²⁻ had limited effects, whereas HCO₃⁻ reduced adsorption and Ca²⁺ and NH₄⁺ enhanced phosphate adsorption. Phosphate-loaded hydrogel released 0.10–0.14 mg P L⁻¹ in each of five sequential 24-h water-extraction cycles. In a 14-day wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) bioassay, observed seed germination was higher with phosphate-loaded hydrogel than in unamended soil; however, fresh hydrogel produced a similar response, whereas superphosphate produced the highest germination. Seedling length was similar among treatments. Collectively, these results identify CS/CaFe4 as a promising material for P capture and demonstrate that a measurable fraction of adsorbed P can be released from the phosphate-loaded hydrogel. Longer-term soil and plant studies are needed to determine P bioavailability, fertilizer value, and the feasibility of agricultural reuse.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Lift-Type Compressible Biofilm Reactor: Nitrification Performance and Microbial Population Dynamics","authors":"Yating Duan,&nbsp;Renjian Deng,&nbsp;Sining Peng,&nbsp;Haijie Deng,&nbsp;Xifeng Wang,&nbsp;Haohong Geng,&nbsp;Xiangxin Kong,&nbsp;Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Baolin Hou,&nbsp;Gaojie Peng","doi":"10.1002/clen.70289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70289","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) in urban water bodies poses severe threats to aquatic ecosystem stability and water quality safety, driving the urgent need for rapid and efficient nitrification processes and equipment. In this study, a novel lift-type compressible biofilm reactor (LCBR) was constructed and used to study the influences of influent NH₄⁺-N concentration, hydraulic retention time (HRT), alkalinity, and connection mode on removal efficiency. Meanwhile, high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the correlation between process conditions and the dynamic evolution of the microbial community structure, aiming to elucidate the rapid nitrification mechanism of this process. The results showed that under the optimal conditions (30 mg/L NH₄⁺-N, 1.5 h HRT), the average effluent NH₄⁺-N concentration did not exceed 1.83 mg/L, which meets the Grade I-A discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002). The analysis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and alpha diversity indices indicated that the operational parameter NH₄⁺-N exerted the greatest impact on microbial EPS content and community structure. The relative abundance of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria was remarkably limited. Combined analysis via PICRUSt2 and FAPROTAX showed that the main nitrogen metabolic pathways included heterotrophic nitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), autotrophic nitrification, and denitrification. Among these, heterotrophic nitrification played a dominant role in the nitrogen cycle. The LCBR developed in this study shows promising application prospects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological Assessment of Polypropylene Microplastics in Male Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Growth, Hematological, and Histopathological Insights","authors":"Marufa Jahan Tonny,&nbsp;Shree Nirmol Chandra Roy,&nbsp;Sumaiya Binte Ayesha,&nbsp;Md. Ashfaq Sadat,&nbsp;Nayan Jyoti Roy Kanok,&nbsp;Rubya Binte Rezanur,&nbsp;Jannatil Tazri,&nbsp;Ilham Zulfahmi,&nbsp;Susri Nayak,&nbsp;Harunur Rashid,&nbsp;Kizar Ahmed Sumon","doi":"10.1002/clen.70285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs) are widely distributed in aquatic environments and may harm fish through ingestion. Despite growing research on microplastic toxicity, very limited study prevails on the pernicious impacts of waterborne PP-MPs on Nile tilapia. Hence, this study aims to examine the impact of PP-MPs on the growth, hematobiochemical parameters, erythrocytes, and histopathology in male Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>). Juvenile Nile tilapia was exposed to water-borne PP-MPs (0, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L) for 28 days in glass aquaria in a chronic semi-static exposure system. Specific growth rate (SGR) was calculated on the basis of established formulas, hematological and biochemical parameters, and histology were assessed using standard laboratory protocols; and subsequently histopathological slides were evaluated microscopically. Weight gain and SGR were reduced significantly, with the highest concentration (10 mg/L) showing the most noticeable decline. A marked decrease in red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) levels, and packed cell volume (PCV) was noted. Conversely, white blood cell (WBC) count and blood glucose levels significantly increased, indicating a physiological stress response. Nuclear abnormalities such as blebbed nuclei, karyopyknosis, micronuclei, notched nuclei, and nuclear bridges were observed, indicating potential genotoxic effects. Cellular abnormalities, including fusion, teardrop, twin cells, and spindle-shaped erythrocytes, were noted, reflecting structural deformities in cell morphology. Gill, liver, and intestinal histology exhibited clear deterioration in the highest exposure group (10 mg/L), especially at later sampling times. These findings highlight the detrimental impact of waterborne PP-MPs on fish health, emphasizing the urgent need for further research into their long-term ecological consequences.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrochemical Analysis and Associated Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Hisar District of Haryana, India","authors":"Manish Kumar,&nbsp;Naresh Kumar Verma,&nbsp;Neeraj Singh,&nbsp;Akash Tiwari,&nbsp;Sourav Bhadwal","doi":"10.1002/clen.70277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70277","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Groundwater is a major drinking water resource supporting nearly half of the world's population but its quality is being compromised by various anthropogenic factors. This study provides an in-depth analysis of groundwater quality in Hisar district, Haryana, India by integrating hydrogeochemical parameters and advanced analytical techniques. It evaluates the groundwater quality using samples collected from 76 locations (wells, tube wells, and hand pumps) in the pre-monsoon season. Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) and Fuzzy GWQI (FGWQI) assessments depicted water quality varying from “unsuitable” to “excellent” across the district. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were employed to isolate the underlying geogenic and anthropogenic factors, while saturation indices computed via PHREEQC confirmed the supersaturation and active precipitation of carbonate minerals. A random forest-based sensitivity analysis quantified the relative influence of individual parameters on the computed indices. The hydrochemical evaluation indicated that the dominant hydrogeochemical process influencing groundwater quality is water–rock interaction and Ca²⁺–Mg²⁺–HCO₃⁻ is the dominant water type. Chloro-alkaline index analysis highlighted an exchange of sodium and potassium ions in the groundwater with magnesium and calcium ions in the aquifer matrix. A 5-year historical validation (2019–2023) using pixel-wise linear regression trend mapping revealed zones of continuous degradation concentrated in the core urban and intensely cultivated regions. Health risk was also assessed using target hazard quotients and hazard index which indicated associated noncarcinogenic health risks especially for children. The study's findings will help policy-makers in decision-making and formulating plans related to the problems associated with groundwater management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical Properties and Heavy-Metal Leaching of Malaysian Sugar-Refinery Pressmud","authors":"Maheera Mohamad,&nbsp;Khai Lin Chong,&nbsp;Che Azlan Taib,&nbsp;Mohamad Faizal Ahmad Zaidi,&nbsp;Md Abdul Kafi,&nbsp;Siti Nor Farhana Zakaria,&nbsp;Fatin Baherah Khusna Yahya","doi":"10.1002/clen.70283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70283","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pressmud is an organic-rich residue generated during sugar refining, but integrated physicochemical and column-leaching data for Malaysian refinery-derived material remain limited. This study characterized Malaysian pressmud and evaluated heavy-metal breakthrough to inform its potential, rather than demonstrated, use as a soil amendment. Natural moisture content, pH, organic and carbon contents, specific gravity, compaction behavior, permeability, cation exchange capacity (CEC), surface functional groups, and column-leaching behavior were determined using relevant British Standard and ASTM procedures and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The pressmud had a pH of 8.03, moisture content of 31.8%, organic content of 20.0%, carbon content of 16.5%, specific gravity of 1.8, CEC of 99.8 meq 100 g⁻¹, and permeability of 1.84 × 10⁻⁵ cm s⁻¹. The optimum moisture content was 29.50% at a maximum dry density of 1.168 Mg m⁻³. FTIR analysis indicated several oxygen-containing and aliphatic functionalities. In duplicate column runs, the metals exhibited distinct breakthrough profiles; at pore volume 10, the plotted values showed the order Cr &gt; Cu &gt; Mn &gt; Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Cd. These profiles are descriptive, and the proposed retention mechanisms remain literature-based interpretations because metal speciation was not directly measured. The results provide a characterization baseline and do not demonstrate improved soil fertility or crop performance. Soil incubation, plant trials, total-metal analysis, speciation, additional replication, and long-term field monitoring are required before agronomic application rates can be recommended.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information: Clean Soil Air Water. 10/2026","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/clen.70284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clen.70284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of Water Quality Parameters to El Niño in the Curuá-Una Reservoir, Amazon Basin","authors":"Fénelon Henrique Almeida Amarante MSc,&nbsp;Simone F. P. Pereira PhD,&nbsp;Michelle S. Lemos PhD,&nbsp;Alan M. F. De Souza PhD,&nbsp;Thiago M. Silva PhD,&nbsp;Cléber S. Silva PhD,&nbsp;Pedro M. Sousa Junior PhD,&nbsp;Marco P. Almeida PhD","doi":"10.1002/clen.70282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.70282","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The El Niño phenomenon in the Amazon is associated with extreme drought and lower atmospheric humidity, leading to environmental disturbances, such as wildfires and decreased river levels. An exceptionally intense El Niño occurred between 2015 and 2016, reaching historic magnitudes. This study evaluated its influence on water quality parameters in the Curuá-Una Hydroelectric Power Plant reservoir, located near Santarém, Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon. Data from 2012, used as a baseline, were compared with those obtained in 2015, during the event. The 2012 dataset was provided by the company responsible for reservoir monitoring, whereas water samples in 2012 were collected at eight stations during both rainy and dry seasons. Results highlighted significant differences in most water quality parameters, particularly lower pH, phosphate, and ammonium concentrations, together with higher total dissolved solids (TDSs) and chlorophyll a during the 2015 dry season. Principal component analysis revealed distinct seasonal patterns, with higher phosphate contributions in the rainy season and greater influence of TDSs, chloride, chlorophyll a, phosphate, and ammonium in the dry season. These findings suggest that the 2015 El Niño drought was associated with marked changes in water quality, particularly during the dry season, highlighting the sensitivity of Amazonian reservoirs to extreme climatic events.</p>","PeriodicalId":10306,"journal":{"name":"Clean-soil Air Water","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clen.70282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}