Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Mohamad Jamalinia, Amedeo Lonardo","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001056","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01056"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13593020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Liver Cancer in Middle-Aged and Older Adults From 1990 to 2021: A Comprehensive Analysis With Cross-Country Inequality, Decomposition, and Frontier Analysis.","authors":"Weifan Sui, Yuxin Duan, Zefeng Cai, Yimao Xia, Jianyun Li, Jianhua Fu","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001064","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study provides comprehensive estimates of the global, regional, and national burden of liver cancer among middle-aged and older adults from 1990 to 2021, incorporating cross-country inequality assessment, decomposition of drivers, and frontier analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age-standardized rates and estimated annual percentage changes were used to quantify prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates. Decomposition analysis, cross-country inequality assessment, and frontier analysis were applied to dissect the burden dynamics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the absolute numbers of liver cancer prevalence, incidence, deaths, and DALYs all increased compared with 1990; however, age-standardized death and DALYs rates slightly decreased. The burden was consistently higher in men than in women. Population growth was the primary contributor to increased burden, whereas aging and epidemiological changes significantly contributed to burden reduction. A V-shaped relationship existed between DALYs rate and Sociodemographic Index. Significant absolute cross-country inequalities were observed. Fifteen countries demonstrated substantial potential for burden reduction.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study reveals complex dynamic changes in the global burden of liver cancer among middle-aged and older people. Strengthening international cooperation, promoting equitable allocation of medical resources, and formulating differentiated strategies are essential future priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01064"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13593322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy: Innovations, Standardized Practice, and Emerging Clinical Roles.","authors":"Xi Jiang, Chen He, Xiaoou Qiu, Yizhi Chen, Wei Zhou, Zhaoshen Li, Zhuan Liao","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001034","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Capsule endoscopy has transformed small bowel evaluation but remains limited for gastric examination because of passive, peristalsis-dependent movement. Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE) addresses this limitation by enabling real-time external steering of the capsule, allowing systematic visualization of the spacious gastric cavity without sedation or intubation. Since the first human application in 2010, multiple MCE platforms have been developed and validated, including handheld, magnetic resonance based, and robotic arm systems, with the latter now representing the dominant clinical platform. Clinical trials have demonstrated that robotic arm MCE achieves diagnostic accuracy comparable with conventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy for the detection of gastric lesions, while offering superior patient tolerance. In parallel, standardized examination protocols have been established, ensuring reproducible gastric preparation, complete mucosal coverage, and structured reporting. Recent technological advances, including higher resolution imaging, detachable string technology for combined esophageal and gastric examination, improved magnetic steering, and artificial intelligence-assisted image analysis, have further expanded the diagnostic capability and efficiency of MCE. Importantly, the noninvasive and well tolerated nature of MCE supports its use in populations at increased risk from conventional endoscopy, including children, elderly patients, individuals with liver cirrhosis, and those receiving antiplatelet therapy. This review summarizes current MCE technologies, standardized clinical practice, and diagnostic performance, and discusses emerging clinical roles and future challenges. MCE is evolving from a novel diagnostic tool into a practical and well-tolerated noninvasive modality for upper gastrointestinal evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147627458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Mortality is Reduced and Low-Grade Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Reversed by Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt in Patients With Fluid Overload: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Eduardo Cervantes-Alvarez, Wenyi Gu, Jonathan Byrtus, Carsten Meyer, Markus Treitl, Wulf Euringer, Alexander Gerbes, Joan Clària, Ferran Aguilar, Tilman Sauerbruch, Martin Rössle, Dominik Bettinger, Michael Schultheiss, Frank E Uschner, Maximilian J Brol, Markus Kimmann, Jörn Arne Meier, Kai-Henrik Peiffer, Martin S McCoy, Wim Laleman, Vicente Arroyo, Michael Praktiknjo, Richard Moreau, Jonel Trebicka","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001071","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Portal hypertension characterizes decompensated cirrhosis and its complications. It may trigger acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), which carries a high mortality. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is the most efficient therapy for most portal hypertension-related complications including fluid overload (FO) defined as refractory or recurrent ascites, hepatorenal syndrome, and/or hydrothorax. However, TIPS for FO in ACLF is questioned.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case-control study, patients from the prospective cohorts CANONIC (n = 1,324) and German TIPS-Registry (n = 724) were screened for cases of FO and matched 1:1 by sex, age, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, and presence and grade of ACLF. Clinical outcomes, ACLF status, and mortality were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total population was 118 patients with ACLF of whom 59 received TIPS and 59 did not. The main indication for TIPS was hepatorenal syndrome (61.0%). Patients with ACLF who did not receive TIPS had a higher 28-day cumulative mortality rate (22.0% vs 5.1%, P = 0.009). At 28 days, TIPS insertion in ACLF was associated with a 78% mortality reduction (hazard ratio 0.22 [0.06-0.77]). It further led to improvement of hepatic encephalopathy and the MELD score. In addition, ACLF resolution occurred in 61% of TIPS patients with ACLF. The presence of coagulation and circulatory organ failures, and increased bilirubin, INR, MELD score, and CLIF-C OF were associated with 28-day mortality. The survival benefit of TIPS was no longer observed after 90 days.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>TIPS decreased the 28-day mortality of patients with FO and ACLF. Thus, TIPS should be regarded as a bridging strategy-ideally for liver transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01071"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13593234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum IFABP Level as an Index of Mucosal Health in Celiac Disease: A Small Intestinal Morphometry Study.","authors":"Chiara Monachesi, Milena Ascani, Francesca Di Sario, Dorina Pjetraj, Antonio Di Sario, Alessandra Mandolesi, Gloria Allegrini, Anil K Verma, Tiziana Galeazzi, Simona Gatti, Antonio Benedetti, Carlo Catassi, Elena Lionetti","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001067","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To evaluate the correlation between serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) levels and quantitative duodenal morphometry in adult patients with celiac disease (CeD) at diagnosis and after long-term gluten-free diet (GFD), and to assess the role of this investigation as a noninvasive marker of mucosal injury and healing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective cross-sectional study, adult patients with CeD on a GFD for ≥18 months (follow-up [FU]) and newly diagnosed untreated patients with CeD (ND) were enrolled. Serum IFABP levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Duodenal biopsies from FU and ND patients underwent quantitative morphometric analysis, including villous height to crypt depth (Vh:Cd) ratio, intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) count, and calculation of the Vh:Cd and IEL scale index. Correlation between IFABP and histological parameters was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IFABP levels were significantly higher in ND patients compared with FU ( P < 0.001). Across the cohort, IFABP levels correlated negatively with Vh:Cd ratio (ρ = -0.53, P < 0.001) and positively with IEL count (ρ = 0.46, P < 0.001). IFABP also showed a strong inverse correlation with the Vh:Cd and IEL scale index (ρ = -0.60, P < 0.001). In FU patients, IFABP remained significantly associated with subtle morphometric abnormalities, including reduced Vh:Cd ratio and increased IEL counts, but not with celiac serology or self-reported dietary adherence.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Serum IFABP levels represent a promising, noninvasive biomarker of enterocyte damage for capturing subtle changes and current mucosal status in patients with CeD on a long-term GFD, when conventional serology and dietary questionnaires may fail.</p>","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01067"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13593286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Endoscopic Biopsy Technique for Translational Research in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","authors":"S van Zon, L Oldenburg, K Nachataya, R Goetgebuer, N de Boer, J Bernink, J Grootjans, G D'Haens","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001069","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Standard forceps biopsies often provide insufficient cellular yield for single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses. We assessed the feasibility of cold-snare resection in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compared immune cell composition with standard forceps biopsies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with active IBD at endoscopy were included. One cold-snare resection and 2 standard biopsies were obtained from inflamed mucosa in the ileum, colon, or rectum. Sample quality and cell yield were evaluated using histology staining and flow cytometry. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded periprocedurally, at a 7-day follow-up, and up to 30 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-four patients with IBD were included. Cold-snare resection was successful in all cases and yielded significantly higher number of T-cells (median 71 × 10 3 vs 17 × 10 3 , P = 0.016) and rare innate lymphoid cells (median 576 vs 127, P = 0.016) compared with standard forceps biopsies. Four mild AEs were reported.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Cold-snare resection improves mucosal tissue integrity and cellular quality compared with standard biopsies, supporting its use for translational studies in IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01069"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13593274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucosyl Hesperidin Benefits in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Kei Moriya, Kiyoshi Asada, Naoki Ozu, Shota Suzuki, Yukihisa Fujinaga, Masahide Enomoto, Yuki Tsuji, Yusuke Komeda, Junichi Hanatani, Daisuke Kaya, Yuya Matsuo, Shinsaku Nagamatsu, Hideki Matsuo, Masakazu Uejima, Masaharu Yamazaki, Hitoshi Yoshiji","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001075","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) has steadily increased in incidence, but its causes remain to be completely elucidated. Moreover, the potential for disease progression is not uncommon, especially when normalization of hepatobiliary enzyme levels is difficult, making the emergence of new treatments highly anticipated. We clarified the therapeutic effects of glucosyl hesperidin (G-Hes), which activates the antioxidant NRF2/KEAP1 pathway, on improving PBC pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled trial evaluated changes in serum levels of hepatobiliary enzymes, lipids, and heme oxygenase 1, which is an NRF2/KEAP1 pathway target gene protein, after G-Hes administration (500 or 1,000 mg/d) for 24 weeks in 71 patients on maintenance therapy for PBC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gamma glutamyl transferase at week 24, the primary end point of this study, decreased significantly by 6.2% only in the high dose group. Among the secondary end points, alkaline phosphatase increased plausibly because of G-Hes-induced bone metabolism enhancement and bilirubin decreased, both reaching significance only in the standard dose group. There were no significant changes in transaminases in either group. On subgroup analyses of patients with abnormal baseline biochemical levels, significant decrease in gamma glutamyl transferase at week 24 (6.4%) still remained only in the high-dose group. On the other hand, there was no significant change in alkaline phosphatase at any time point in both groups. The blood protein concentration of heme oxygenase 1 increased by 4.8% at week 24, although not significant. There were no G-Hes-related adverse events.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Inclusion of G-Hes to existing treatment safely provided additional therapeutic effects in patients with PBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01075"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Modalities of Palliative Biliary Drainage in Malignant Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction.","authors":"Abdullah Abbasi, Shyam Menon","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001062","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Biliary drainage in malignant extrahepatic distal bile duct obstruction can be achieved with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD), or endoscopic ultrasound-assisted choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS). The aim of our study was to evaluate all these modalities in a cost-effective model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A patient level discrete time cycle Markov model was developed using United Kingdom's healthcare resource group tariff costs. Health-related quality of life data were used to develop quality-adjusted life years. Monte-Carlo deterministic analysis was performed. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis and deterministic analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EUS-CDS was the most cost-effective modality for biliary drainage in malignant extrahepatic distal bile duct obstruction (cost £2,116 [$2,853.99]/effectiveness 1.35) compared with ERCP (£2,349 [$3,168.25]/1.33) and PTBD (£3,161 [$4,263.45]/1.31). Microsimulation over 1,000 patient iterations confirmed that EUS-CDS had the highest net monetary benefit.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>EUS-CDS seems to be a cost-effective strategy for biliary drainage in malignant obstruction under a range of modeling assumptions, particularly in settings with adequate availability and expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01062"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13593249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Colorectal Neoplasia in First-Degree Relatives of Colorectal Advanced Adenoma Patients: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Chuong Dinh Nguyen, Luan Minh Dang, Nhan Quang Le, Thong Duy Vo, Duc Trong Quach, Siew C Ng","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001061","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Colorectal advanced adenomas (CAAs) are key colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors. Although familial CRC risk is well-established, the neoplastic risk (adenoma, CAA, CRC) in first-degree relative (FDR) of CAA patients is unclear. This systematic review aimed to quantify this risk and identify risk-modifying factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) through May 2025 for observational studies comparing neoplasm risk in FDRs of CAA probands versus controls. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed bias (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale). A qualitative synthesis was performed because of heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 421 records identified, 4 studies from diverse populations were included. FDRs of CAA patients had a significantly increased risk for any adenoma (odds ratio [OR]/relative risk [RR] 1.33-3.29, with 95% confidence interval [CI] ranging from 0.96 to 5.03) and advanced neoplasia (CAA/CRC) (OR/RR 1.65-6.33, 95% CIs 1.01-43.8). CRC risk findings were inconsistent; 2 larger studies showed a modest risk increase (OR/RR 1.7-2.3, 95% CIs 1.01-5.09), whereas 2 smaller studies reported nonsignificant results. Proband age younger than 60 years, adenoma multiplicity, and male sex of the FDR emerged as potential risk modifiers in individual studies, although evidence is limited. Regarding proband adenoma location, a distal lesion was more consistently associated with increased familial risk, although an association with proximal lesions was also reported.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>FDRs of CAA patients seem to have an elevated risk of colorectal adenomas, particularly CAAs, although evidence certainty is limited. Documented family history of CAA may warrant consideration as 1 of several factors in future risk-stratified screening approaches; however, the current evidence is insufficient to define CAA-specific screening intervals beyond existing guideline frameworks. Further research is needed to validate risk estimates and optimize screening strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"e01061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13593226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Luqman Khan, Abdul Qayum Khan, Muhammad Altaf, Hameed Ullah, Abdul Wahab","doi":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001095","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ctg.0000000000001095","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10278,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}