Chromosoma最新文献_第9页

spn-A/rad51 mutant exhibits enhanced genomic damage, cell death and low temperature sensitivity in somatic tissues. spn-A/rad51突变体在体细胞组织中表现出增强的基因组损伤、细胞死亡和低温敏感性。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00746-5

Chaitali Khan, Sonia Muliyil, Champakali Ayyub, B J Rao

{"title":"spn-A/rad51 mutant exhibits enhanced genomic damage, cell death and low temperature sensitivity in somatic tissues.","authors":"Chaitali Khan, Sonia Muliyil, Champakali Ayyub, B J Rao","doi":"10.1007/s00412-020-00746-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-020-00746-5","url":null,"abstract":"Homologous recombination (HR) is one of the key pathways to repair double-strand breaks (DSBs). Rad51 serves an important function of catalysing strand exchange between two homologous sequences in the HR pathway. In higher organisms, rad51 function is indispensable with its absence leading to early embryonic lethality, thus precluding any mechanistic probing of the system. In contrast, the absence of Drosophila rad51 (spn-A/rad51) has been associated with defects in the germline, without any reported detrimental consequences to Drosophila somatic tissues. In this study, we have performed a systematic analysis of developmental defects in somatic tissues of spn-A mutant flies by using genetic complementation between multiple spn-A alleles. Our current study, for the first time, uncovers a requirement for spn-A in somatic tissue maintenance during both larval and pupal stages. Also, we show that spn-A mutant exhibits patterning defects in abdominal cuticle in the stripes and bristles, while there appear to be only subtle defects in the adult wing and eye. Interestingly, spn-A mutant shows a discernible phenotype of low temperature sensitivity, suggesting a role of spn-A in temperature sensitive cellular processes. In summary, our study describes the important role played by spn-A/rad51 in Drosophila somatic tissues.","PeriodicalId":10248,"journal":{"name":"Chromosoma","volume":"130 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00412-020-00746-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38632529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Julio S. Rufas: A true chromosome lover. 胡里奥·s·鲁法斯:一个真正的染色体爱好者。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00748-3

Carlos García de la Vega, Rocío Gómez, Jesús Page, María Teresa Parra, Juan Luis Santos, José A Suja, Alberto Viera

引用次数: 0

A deformation energy model reveals sequence-dependent property of nucleosome positioning. 变形能模型揭示了核小体定位的序列依赖特性。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00750-9

Guoqing Liu, Hongyu Zhao, Hu Meng, Yongqiang Xing, Lu Cai

引用次数: 0

Limitation of current probe design for oligo-cross-FISH, exemplified by chromosome evolution studies in duckweeds. 当前寡聚交叉荧光显微镜探针设计的局限性，以浮萍的染色体进化研究为例。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00749-2

Phuong T N Hoang, Jean-Marie Rouillard, Jiří Macas, Ivona Kubalová, Veit Schubert, Ingo Schubert

{"title":"Limitation of current probe design for oligo-cross-FISH, exemplified by chromosome evolution studies in duckweeds.","authors":"Phuong T N Hoang, Jean-Marie Rouillard, Jiří Macas, Ivona Kubalová, Veit Schubert, Ingo Schubert","doi":"10.1007/s00412-020-00749-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00412-020-00749-2","url":null,"abstract":"Duckweeds represent a small, free-floating aquatic family (Lemnaceae) of the monocot order Alismatales with the fastest growth rate among flowering plants. They comprise five genera (Spirodela, Landoltia, Lemna, Wolffiella, and Wolffia) varying in genome size and chromosome number. Spirodela polyrhiza had the first sequenced duckweed genome. Cytogenetic maps are available for both species of the genus Spirodela (S. polyrhiza and S. intermedia). However, elucidation of chromosome homeology and evolutionary chromosome rearrangements by cross-FISH using Spirodela BAC probes to species of other duckweed genera has not been successful so far. We investigated the potential of chromosome-specific oligo-FISH probes to address these topics. We designed oligo-FISH probes specific for one S. intermedia and one S. polyrhiza chromosome (Fig. 1a). Our results show that these oligo-probes cross-hybridize with the homeologous regions of the other congeneric species, but are not suitable to uncover chromosomal homeology across duckweeds genera. This is most likely due to too low sequence similarity between the investigated genera and/or too low probe density on the target genomes. Finally, we suggest genus-specific design of oligo-probes to elucidate chromosome evolution across duckweed genera.","PeriodicalId":10248,"journal":{"name":"Chromosoma","volume":"130 1","pages":"15-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7889562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38819323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two telomeric ends of acrocentric chromosome play distinct roles in homologous chromosome synapsis in the fetal mouse oocyte. 胚胎小鼠卵母细胞同源染色体突触中，前中心染色体的两个端粒末端起着不同的作用。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-25 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-021-00752-1

Parinaz Kazemi, Teruko Taketo

{"title":"Two telomeric ends of acrocentric chromosome play distinct roles in homologous chromosome synapsis in the fetal mouse oocyte.","authors":"Parinaz Kazemi, Teruko Taketo","doi":"10.1007/s00412-021-00752-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-021-00752-1","url":null,"abstract":"In mammalian oocytes, proper chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division is dictated by the presence and site of homologous chromosome recombination, which takes place in fetal life. Our current understanding of how homologous chromosomes find each other and initiate synapsis, which is prerequisite for homologous recombination, is limited. It is known that chromosome telomeres are anchored into the nuclear envelope (NE) at the early meiotic prophase I (MPI) and move along NE to facilitate homologous chromosome search and pairing. However, the mouse (Mus musculus) carries all acrocentric chromosomes with one telomeric end close to the centromere (subcentromeric telomere; C-telomere) and the other far away from the centromere (distal telomere; D-telomere), and how C- and D-telomeres participate in chromosome pairing and synapsis during the MPI progression is not well understood. Here, we found in the mouse oocyte that C- and D-telomeres transiently clustered in one area, but D-telomeres soon separated together from C-telomeres and then dispersed to preferentially initiate synapsis, while C-telomeres remained in clusters and synapsed at the last. In the Spo11 null oocyte, which is deficient in SPO11-dependent DSBs formation and homologous synapsis, the pattern of C- and D-telomere clustering and resolution was not affected, but synapsis was more frequently initiated at C-telomeres. These results suggest that SPO11 suppresses the early synapsis between C-telomeres in clusters.","PeriodicalId":10248,"journal":{"name":"Chromosoma","volume":"130 1","pages":"41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00412-021-00752-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38862495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Evolution of the parthenogenetic rock lizard hybrid karyotype: Robertsonian translocation between two maternal chromosomes in Darevskia rostombekowi. 孤雌岩蜥蜴杂交核型的进化:两条母系染色体间的罗伯逊易位。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00744-7

Victor Spangenberg, Oxana Kolomiets, Ilona Stepanyan, Eduard Galoyan, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, Elena Martynova, Irena Martirosyan, Tatiana Grishaeva, Felix Danielyan, Ahmed Al-Rikabi, Thomas Liehr, Marine Arakelyan

{"title":"Evolution of the parthenogenetic rock lizard hybrid karyotype: Robertsonian translocation between two maternal chromosomes in Darevskia rostombekowi.","authors":"Victor Spangenberg, Oxana Kolomiets, Ilona Stepanyan, Eduard Galoyan, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, Elena Martynova, Irena Martirosyan, Tatiana Grishaeva, Felix Danielyan, Ahmed Al-Rikabi, Thomas Liehr, Marine Arakelyan","doi":"10.1007/s00412-020-00744-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-020-00744-7","url":null,"abstract":"Darevskia rostombekowi, the most outstanding of the seven known parthenogenetic species in the genus Darevskia, is the result of an ancestral cross between two bisexual species Darevskia raddei and Darevskia portschinskii. The chromosomal set of this species includes a unique submetacentric autosomal chromosome; the origin of this chromosome was unresolved as only acrocentric chromosomes are described in the karyotypes of Darevskia genus normally. Here, we applied a suite of molecular cytogenetic techniques, including the mapping of telomeric (TTAGGG) n repeats using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and whole-chromosome painting (WCP) in both D. rostombekowi and parental (D. portschinskii and D. raddei) species. The obtained results in total suggest that a de novo chromosomal rearrangement via Robertsonian translocation (centric fusion) between two maternal (D. raddei) acrocentric chromosomes of different size was involved in the formation of this unique submetacentric chromosome present in the parthenogenetic species D. rostombekowi. Our findings provide new data in specific and rapid evolutional processes of a unisexual reptile species karyotype.","PeriodicalId":10248,"journal":{"name":"Chromosoma","volume":"129 3-4","pages":"275-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00412-020-00744-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38552018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Mutations in the insulator protein Suppressor of Hairy wing induce genome instability. 毛翅绝缘子蛋白抑制子突变诱导基因组不稳定。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00743-8

Shih-Jui Hsu, Emily C Stow, James R Simmons, Heather A Wallace, Andrea Mancheno Lopez, Shannon Stroud, Mariano Labrador

{"title":"Mutations in the insulator protein Suppressor of Hairy wing induce genome instability.","authors":"Shih-Jui Hsu, Emily C Stow, James R Simmons, Heather A Wallace, Andrea Mancheno Lopez, Shannon Stroud, Mariano Labrador","doi":"10.1007/s00412-020-00743-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-020-00743-8","url":null,"abstract":"Insulator proteins orchestrate the three-dimensional organization of the genome. Insulators function by facilitating communications between regulatory sequences and gene promoters, allowing accurate gene transcription regulation during embryo development and cell differentiation. However, the role of insulator proteins beyond genome organization and transcription regulation remains unclear. Suppressor of Hairy wing [Su(Hw)] is a Drosophila insulator protein that plays an important function in female oogenesis. Here we find that su(Hw) has an unsuspected role in genome stability during cell differentiation. We show that su(Hw) mutant developing egg chambers have poorly formed microtubule organization centers (MTOCs) in the germarium and display mislocalization of the anterior/posterior axis specification factor gurken in later oogenesis stages. Additionally, eggshells from partially rescued su(Hw) mutant female germline exhibit dorsoventral patterning defects. These phenotypes are very similar to phenotypes found in the important class of spindle mutants or in piRNA pathway mutants in Drosophila, in which defects generally result from the failure of germ cells to repair DNA damage. Similarities between mutations in su(Hw) and spindle and piRNA mutants are further supported by an excess of DNA damage in nurse cells, and because Gurken localization defects are partially rescued by mutations in the ATR (mei-41) and Chk1 (grapes) DNA damage response genes. Finally, we also show that su(Hw) mutants produce an elevated number of chromosome breaks in dividing neuroblasts from larval brains. Together, these findings suggest that Su(Hw) is necessary for the maintenance of genome integrity during Drosophila development, in both germline and dividing somatic cells.","PeriodicalId":10248,"journal":{"name":"Chromosoma","volume":"129 3-4","pages":"255-274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00412-020-00743-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38559248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Genetic background impacts the timing of synaptonemal complex breakdown in Drosophila melanogaster. 遗传背景对黑腹果蝇突触复合体分解时间的影响

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00742-9

Emily R Wesley, R Scott Hawley, Katherine Kretovich Billmyre

{"title":"Genetic background impacts the timing of synaptonemal complex breakdown in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Emily R Wesley, R Scott Hawley, Katherine Kretovich Billmyre","doi":"10.1007/s00412-020-00742-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00412-020-00742-9","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments performed in different genetic backgrounds occasionally exhibit failure in experimental reproducibility. This is a serious issue in Drosophila where there are no standard control stocks. Here, we illustrate the importance of controlling genetic background by showing that the timing of a major meiotic event, the breakdown of the synaptonemal complex (SC), varies in different genetic backgrounds. We assessed SC breakdown in three different control stocks and found that in one control stock, y w; svspa-pol, the SC broke down earlier than in Oregon-R and w1118 stocks. We further examined SC breakdown in these three control backgrounds with flies heterozygous for a null mutation in c(3)G, which encodes a key structural component of the SC. Flies heterozygous for c(3)G displayed differences in the timing of SC breakdown in different control backgrounds, providing evidence of a sensitizing effect of this mutation. These observations suggest that SC maintenance is associated with the dosage of c(3)G in some backgrounds. Lastly, chromosome segregation was not affected by premature SC breakdown in mid-prophase, consistent with previous findings that chromosome segregation is not dependent on full-length SC in mid-prophase. Thus, genetic background is an important variable to consider with respect to SC behavior during Drosophila meiosis.","PeriodicalId":10248,"journal":{"name":"Chromosoma","volume":"129 3-4","pages":"243-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38601419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the small chromosomal Prionium serratum (Cyperid) demonstrates the importance of reliable methods to differentiate between mono- and holocentricity. 对小染色体serratum (Cyperid)的分析证明了区分单心性和全新心性的可靠方法的重要性。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00745-6

M Baez, Y T Kuo, Y Dias, T Souza, A Boudichevskaia, J Fuchs, V Schubert, A L L Vanzela, A Pedrosa-Harand, A Houben

{"title":"Analysis of the small chromosomal Prionium serratum (Cyperid) demonstrates the importance of reliable methods to differentiate between mono- and holocentricity.","authors":"M Baez, Y T Kuo, Y Dias, T Souza, A Boudichevskaia, J Fuchs, V Schubert, A L L Vanzela, A Pedrosa-Harand, A Houben","doi":"10.1007/s00412-020-00745-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-020-00745-6","url":null,"abstract":"For a long time, the Cyperid clade (Thurniceae-Juncaceae-Cyperaceae) was considered a group of species possessing holocentromeres exclusively. The basal phylogenetic position of Prionium serratum (Thunb.) Drège (Thurniceae) within Cyperids makes this species an important specimen to understand the centromere evolution within this clade. In contrast to the expectation, the chromosomal distribution of the centromere-specific histone H3 (CENH3), alpha-tubulin and different centromere-associated post-translational histone modifications (H3S10ph, H3S28ph and H2AT120ph) demonstrate a monocentromeric organisation of P. serratum chromosomes. Analysis of the high-copy repeat composition resulted in the identification of two centromere-localised satellite repeats. Hence, monocentricity was the ancestral condition for the Juncaceae-Cyperaceae-Thurniaceae Cyperid clade, and holocentricity in this clade has independently arisen at least twice after differentiation of the three families, once in Juncaceae and the other one in Cyperaceae. In this context, methods suitable for the identification of holocentromeres are discussed.","PeriodicalId":10248,"journal":{"name":"Chromosoma","volume":"129 3-4","pages":"285-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00412-020-00745-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38685863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Role of HP1β during spermatogenesis and DNA replication. HP1β在精子发生和DNA复制中的作用。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00739-4

Vijay Charaka, Anjana Tiwari, Raj K Pandita, Clayton R Hunt, Tej K Pandita

引用次数: 4