{"title":"A performance comparison between a SCAT-1 DGPS system and the Omnistar DGPS system","authors":"G. Loegering","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309010","url":null,"abstract":"The Global Hawk UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) was developed by the Northrop Grumman's Ryan Aeronautical Center to perform high altitude reconnaissance. The initial design of the Global Hawk navigation system utilized a RTCA DO-217 compliant special category 1 (SCAT-1) differential GPS (DGPS) system to provide sufficient navigation accuracy for taxi, takeoff and landing operations. The SCAT-1 DGPS system consists of a ground station that produces the differential corrections, a data link transmitter to uplink the corrections to the aircraft, a data link receiver in the aircraft and a GPS receiver able to utilize differential GPS corrections. The SCAT-1 DGPS system has been shown, both during flight tests of the navigation system in a company owned King Air, and during actual flights of the UAV to provide more than sufficient accuracy for takeoff and landing operations. At the point in time that the Global Hawk was to fly outside of the Edwards Air Force Base restricted airspace, discussions were held relative to off field landings. The problem raised relative to getting in and out of an emergency landing field was how to provide differential corrections to the aircraft in such a situation. It was undesirable to have to install a SCAT-1 DGPS ground station at each of the anticipated emergency landing fields. It was at this juncture that the use of commercially available world-wide DGPS services was investigated. The system chosen for providing DGPS corrections to the aircraft in the event of an emergency landing is Omnistar. This paper will describe the system implementation of the Omnistar on board Global Hawk, and will provide data comparing the accuracy of this system against the accuracy of the SCAT-1 DGPS system initially designed into the UAV.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130834524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Karnick, G. Ballas, L. Koland, M. Secord, T. Braman, T. Kourepenis
{"title":"Honeywell gun-hard inertial measurement unit (IMU) development","authors":"D. Karnick, G. Ballas, L. Koland, M. Secord, T. Braman, T. Kourepenis","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1308973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1308973","url":null,"abstract":"Honeywell has designed and manufactured a gun-hard IMU that provides the baseline for meeting the needs of DoD guided tactical munitions, as well as being a platform for commercial usage. The gun-hard IMU is a solid-state inertial sensor package that measures and provides inertial angular rates and linear accelerations in a body-mounted strap-down mechanization. Its compensated outputs include summed and incremental angle and velocity data for inertial guidance, as well as angular rates and linear accelerations for autopilot/control functions. The data are reported in user-defined coordinates at 600 Hz and 100 Hz (typically) through a digital serial interface bus. The unit contains three Honeywell MEMS silicon gyroscopes, three Honeywell MEMS silicon accelerometers, as well as the electronics and software necessary to implement the requirements of the tactical market. The Honeywell gun-hard IMU development team includes multiple Honeywell sites and Draper Laboratories. In 2003, Honeywell demonstrated IMU survival and performance above 10,000 g's. In 2004, Honeywell will produce and deliver an IMU that will survive and perform at 20,000 g's. In addition to providing gun-hard survivability and high performance, Honeywell will capitalize on its extensive production experience to ensure a device that is cost effective for Honeywell customers.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133781768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geo-information entropy for positioning and navigation","authors":"Ming Yan, Lei Yan, Kedong Wang","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309008","url":null,"abstract":"An inertia navigation system (INS) must be regulated with aiding information for its long-term navigation precision. In this paper, the local geographic information entropy, as aiding information, is used to correct the INS error. A minimum variance matching algorithm is designed and simulated with MATLAB. As a result, geo-information is hardly interfered by the \"outer world\" as a navigation aiding model, either autonomously or semi-autonomously.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123980094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Approximation of the Disturbing Potential through GPS measurements","authors":"M. Shugaev","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309050","url":null,"abstract":"Heights' determination through GPS measurements demands precise approximation for Quasigeoid's surface, if we use normal heights, or for Geoid's surface, if we use orthometric ones. Hence, estimation of the Disturbing Potential either on the Earth surface or on the surface of the Geoid is a must. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce the scope of future leveling to the minimum required for precise heights' determination through GPS measurements. This paper reviews the algorithm of approximation of the disturbing potential through GPS measurements performed on benchmarks and astronomic points.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126188239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GPS/INS integration without gyro","authors":"Huan-Jung Lin","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1308989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1308989","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes locating algorithms for integrating GPS and INS. It can locate the position of the vehicle from once to ten times per second. The main contribution of our research is presenting a two-axis accelerometer for INS a gyroscope is not to be used. The proposed method assumes the direction of Y-axis acceleration and the previous velocity are in the same line, so that the method can find out the current velocity and heading based on the sine theorem of vector triangles. The organization of this paper is described as follows. Firstly, INS location is introduced, then three cases of 'GPS lost' location are defined, and their solutions are proposed. Finally, an experiment to verify the proposed algorithms is shown.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128358565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forward Inertial Sensor Package for the Compact Kinetic Energy Missile","authors":"D. Tarrant, P. Couch","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1308971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1308971","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the Forward ISP, an integral component of the US Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command's (RDECOM) in-house Compact Kinetic Energy Missile (CKEM) missile, which was first flight-tested in October 2001. The Forward Inertial Sensor Package (ISP) was introduced on the third flight test in May 2003, and complements an inertial sensor suite in the aft portion of the missile. This paper will focus on the forward sensor suite (the Forward ISP). In addition to providing inertial information to the CKEM's telemetry and flight computer systems, this unit performs two additional functions. First, it functions as an inertial component technology test bed. Secondly, it provides environmental shock and vibration information for the forward nosecone section that houses the wrap around Attitude Control System (ACS), present in Government and industry designs. The US Army's pursuit of a missile design parallel to that of industry allows for faster maturation of technology and faster transition of that technology to industry. Further, this sustains a highly technical work force critical to the rapid development and deployment of defense products to the US Army.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"7 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128442744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Paired overbounding and application to GPS augmentation","authors":"Jason Rife, S. Pullen, B. Pervan, P. Enge","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309027","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between range-domain and position-domain errors remains an open issue for GPS augmentation programs, such as the Federal Aviation Administration's Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS). This paper introduces a theorem that guarantees a conservative error bound (overbound) in the position domain given similarly conservative overbounds for broadcast pseudorange statistics. This paired overbound theorem requires that a cumulative distribution function (CDF) be constructed to bound both sides of the range-domain error distribution. The paired overbound theorem holds for arbitrary error distributions, even those that are non-zero mean, asymmetric or multimodal. Two applications of the paired overbound theorem to GPS augmentation are also discussed. First, the theorem is employed to construct an inflation factor for a non-zero mean Gaussian distribution; in the context of a simulation of worst-case satellite geometries for 10 locations in the United States and Europe, the required inflation factor for broadcast sigma is only 1.18, even for biases as large as 10 cm for each satellite. Second, the theorem is applied to bound a bimodal multipath model tightly; the result shaves more than 40% off the previously established inflation factor derived through a more overly conservative analysis.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125672307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Initial results from a long baseline, kinematic, differential GPS carrier phase experiment in a marine environment","authors":"S. Bisnath, D. Wells, M. Santos, K. Cove","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309052","url":null,"abstract":"The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) and the University of New Brunswick (UNB) have collaborated to devise and carry out a long-term experiment in precise GPS positioning over long distances in a marine environment. A pair of GPS reference stations have been deployed on either side of the Bay of Fundy in Canada, at the terminals of an approximately 75 km ferry route. A geodetic receiver has been installed on the ferry. Surface meteorological equipment has also been collocated with the three receivers. The primary goal of the study, over the course of one year of data collection from the daily ferry runs, realizing that the differential troposphere is a major limiting factor in marine positioning, is to attempt to advance positioning results by means of improved differential tropospheric modeling. The results presented in the paper include a full description of the experiment, and descriptions of the GPS and meteorological data collected, as well as the software used in the processing. Initial PPK data processing results are presented illustrating positioning accuracy versus baseline length. And results from tests using various tropospheric delay values are presented.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130668005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HMS SCOTT ring laser gyro navigator integration","authors":"M. Leblang","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1308988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1308988","url":null,"abstract":"HMS SCOTT is a United Kingdom ocean survey vessel, that hosts a state-of-the-art deep ocean mapping system. A recent update of this system consisted of the replacement of an inertial navigation system. One reason for updating the ship's inertial system was to provide higher accuracy attitude data, than was previously available with the old inertial system, to the high resolution multi-beam sonar system in order to produce improved bathymetric charts. After conducting a market survey of suitable inertial navigator systems, the Kearfott SEANAV ring laser gyro navigator, (RLGN), system, using a monolithic T-24 gyro, was selected to replace the old inertial system. Operational testing of this updated system aboard HMS SCOTT in November, 2003, showed a marked improvement in the quality of the map product due in part to the improved attitude data provided by the SEANAV RLGN system.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130690044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A fast matched filter in time domain","authors":"D. Akopian, S. Agaian","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2004.1309029","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a fast matched filter algorithm in time domain. Matched filters compute correlation of signals for optimal detection of signals in noise, for extracting ranging measurements, synchronisation, etc. We consider matched filters in the context of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, but the algorithms presented here can be used for other applications as no constraining assumptions are made in derivations. Our method outperforms conventional time domain method several times in arithmetic complexity. It is also competitive with transform domain techniques based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Unlike FFT based methods our approach is accurate and is not using rounding and scaling operations.","PeriodicalId":102388,"journal":{"name":"PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37556)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126234038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}