Clinical and Experimental Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Cerebral polyopia/diplopia with onset during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.","authors":"Francesco Brigo, Gianni Zorzi, Serena Broggi","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2497875","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2497875","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"896-898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of diabetes mellitus to retinal vascularity in patients without diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Onur Furundaoturan, Cumali Değirmenci, Filiz Afrashi, Cezmi Akkin, Jale Menteş, Serhad Nalçacı","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2552922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2552922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Understanding early microvascular alterations in the retinal and choroidal structures of patients with diabetes mellitus is essential for the timely identification of high-risk individuals and the prevention of vision-threatening complications.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on retinal and choroidal vascular structures using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in pre-retinopathic patients. It also explores the relationship between OCTA parameters and HbA1c levels, a marker of long-term glycaemic control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-five right eyes of pre-retinopathic diabetic patients and 90 right eyes of healthy controls were included. OCTA was used to assess foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vascular densities, and retinal flow areas. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) was measured with enhanced depth imaging (EDI). FAZ shape irregularities, such as border disruptions and loss of circularity, were subjectively analysed. HbA1c levels were recorded, and participants were grouped based on the 8% threshold recommended by the American Diabetes Association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vascular densities in both superficial and deep layers were significantly lower in diabetic patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The FAZ area was larger in diabetic patients (0.285 ± 0.147 mm² vs. 0.259 ± 0.105 mm², <i>p</i> = 0.029), with irregularities observed in 37% compared to 10% of controls (<i>p</i> = 0.000013). Patients with HbA1c > 8% had significantly larger FAZ areas (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Flow areas and SCT were reduced in diabetic patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05), though no relationship was found between HbA1c and vascular density. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that higher HbA1c levels were positively correlated with FAZ area (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OCTA demonstrates its utility in detecting early microvascular changes in pre-retinopathic diabetic patients. FAZ enlargement and shape abnormalities, particularly in those with poor glycaemic control, highlight its potential role in identifying high-risk patients. These findings support the integration of OCTA into diabetic screening protocols to optimise patient management and prevent progression to retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Through the meltdown.","authors":"Shivani Kumari, Tanvi Gaonker, Paromita Dutta","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2430629","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2430629","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare cause of unilateral vision loss.","authors":"Gladys Rodrigues, Sriraj Alapati","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2496213","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2496213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"894-895"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring myopia management practices among eye care professionals in India: A knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers study.","authors":"Hari Hara Pradhyumna, Manoj K Manoharan, Nagaraju Konda, Pavan K Verkicharla","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2443479","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2443479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Rising myopia prevalence in Indian children necessitates an increase in the number of myopia practitioners across all states to effectively counteract its progression and prevent long-term visual impairment.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is limited information on how eye care practitioners perceive and practice myopia control treatments in India. This study aimed to assess the current knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers to initiating myopia management among eye care practitioners in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A self-administered online questionnaire was distributed through social media platforms and emails to eye care practitioners from January 8 to 23, 2022. This survey comprised a total of 12 questions to seek information related to knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers associated with myopia management. Basic descriptive and percentage analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 423 respondents, optometrists were 66% (<i>n</i> = 279/423), followed by ophthalmologists (16%, <i>n</i> = 68/423) and trainees involving optometrists and ophthalmologists (18%, <i>n</i> = 76/423). Of all, only 22% (<i>n</i> = 94/423) indicated practicing myopia management. They gained knowledge through scientific articles (71%, <i>n</i> = 300/423), conferences, and continuous professional education (62%, <i>n</i> = 231/423). Low-concentration atropine eye drops are widely considered for myopia control by both optometrists (57%, <i>n</i> = 28/49) and ophthalmologists (97%, <i>n</i> = 38/39), along with behavioural and lifestyle modifications (55%, <i>n</i> = 27/49; 74%, <i>n</i> = 29/39). A smaller proportion preferred to under-correct myopia (20%, <i>n</i> = 19/94) to counteract progression. Among myopia practitioners, combination therapy was recommended by 24% (<i>n</i> = 12/49) of optometrists and 23% (<i>n</i> = 9/39) of ophthalmologists to halt progression if a single modality was ineffective. The major barriers to initiating myopia management were lack of awareness among parents (73%, <i>n</i> = 68/94), lack of education (34%, <i>n</i> = 143/423) and training (26%, <i>n</i> = 112/423) among practitioners, and unavailability of treatment modalities in various regions of India (18%, <i>n</i> = 76/423).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Only 1 out of 5 practitioners was actively involved in practicing myopia management. Barriers must be minimised through various means to enable routine myopia practice in clinics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"860-867"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in corneal sensitivity according to age and gender in healthy population in Turkey.","authors":"Nihat Furkan Eratilgan, Zeynep Akgun, Pelin Kiyat, Ozlem Barut Selver","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2432454","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2432454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Knowing the changes in corneal sensitivity according to age and gender is important for the correct evaluation of pathologies.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this work was to analyse variability of corneal sensitivity according to age and gender in the healthy population in Turkey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy volunteers between the ages of 20 and 84, who applied to outpatient clinic due to routine examination, were included. Exclusion criteria were any ocular diseases other than refractive error, any systemic disease, contact lens use, chronic ocular and systemic drug use, and previous ocular surgery. Central and 4 quadrants (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal) corneal sensitivity measurements were performed with a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer (Luneau Ophthalmology, France). The patients were divided into 5 groups according to their ages (Group 1:20-29, Group 2:30-39, Group 3:40-49, Group 4:50-59, Group 5 ≥ 60). The data were evaluated in terms of groups and gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The right eyes of 324 volunteers were included. The mean age was 44.31 ± 15.65 (20-84) and the female/male ratio was 165/159. The mean central, superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal sensitivities were 50.15 ± 9.7,48.62 ± 10.3,48.59 ± 10.3,47.73 ± 10.2,47.71 ± 10.3 mm, respectively. Sensitivities in all quadrants decreased significantly depending on age (<i>p</i> = 0.001 for all, central, superior, inferior, nasal and temporal correlation coefficients,<i>r</i> = -0.783, -0.791, -0.789, -0.760, -0.775, respectively). The decrease accelerated in Group 4 and 5. Gender-related changes were detected as significant in central and temporal quadrants (<i>p</i> = 0.038, <i>p</i> = 0.019). When sensitivity according to gender was evaluated within each decade, significant difference was detected in Group 2 and 4 (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Corneal sensitivity decreases with age, most significantly in 5^th and 6^th decades. Sensitivity differs between genders in central and temporal quadrants. Geographic location, gender, and ethnicity may affect sensitivity values. The present study defines normal values in aTurkish population and may guide the evaluation of pathologies that impair corneal sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"778-783"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of visual and cognitive performance in esports athletes and soccer players.","authors":"Jorge Jorge, Filipe Cymbron, Pedro Honório da Silva, Pedro Almeida Couto","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2430637","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2430637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Assessing visual and cognitive performance in athletes is important for optimising training strategies and preventing visual strain in both esports and traditional sports.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study compared visual acuity, refractive error, binocular functions, and cognitive perception measures between esports and soccer players to optimise visual performance strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight male esports athletes and 38 male soccer players were assessed. Visual acuity was measured using an ETDRS chart, and refractive error was assessed with retinoscopy. Phoria was evaluated with the Modified Thorington Technique at distance and near. Fusional vergence ranges and vergence facility were measured using prism bars and a prism flipper. Monocular accommodative facility at near was tested with ± 2.00D flipper lenses. Stereopsis was assessed using the Randot Stereo Test. Perception span, multiple object tracking, and visual reaction time, were evaluated using the Senaptec Sensory Station.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Soccer players had significantly better visual acuity than esports athletes. For the right eye, the soccer group had an average decimal visual acuity of 1.1 ± 0.2 compared to 0.9 ± 0.1 in the esports group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Refractive error analysis showed that esports athletes had more myopia (<i>M</i> =-0.67 ± 1.70D) and higher astigmatism (J0 = 0.47 ± 0.53D) than soccer players (<i>M</i> = 0.6 ± 1.06D, J0 = 0.09 ± 0.43D; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Soccer players demonstrated better negative fusional vergence at distance (<i>p</i> = 0.049) and superior near-accommodative facility (12.4 ± 4.2 cpm vs. 9.4 ± 5.2 cpm; <i>p</i> = 0.025). Soccer players also outperformed esports athletes in multiple object tracking (1811.3 ± 391.3 vs. 1523.4 ± 528.7; <i>p</i> = 0.013). No significant differences were observed in stereopsis or other binocular vision parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Soccer players showed superior visual acuity and performance in tasks such as negative fusional vergence and near-accommodative facility compared to esports players. Esports athletes had more myopia and astigmatism, indicating a need for targeted visual interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"838-843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of improper eye drop application and role of pharmacists for patient education.","authors":"Anmar Al-Taie","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2457431","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2457431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of eye drop is encountered with many technique errors, which can lead to decreased therapeutic response and treatment failure. Community pharmacists can play a pivotal role in providing appropriate knowledge and counselling services for the proper and effective use of eye drop. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the most important aspects of technique errors regarding eye drop application, along with the important role and impact of community pharmacist-led interventions towards the provision of patient education and counselling regarding the proper application of this topical preparation in clinical practice. PRISMA criteria were used to conduct a systematic search on the administration of eye drop through different databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed between the years 1990 and 2023. A total of 22 articles were included in this study. Nearly three-quarters of the studies discussed the improper technique and non-adherence for eye drop instillation (77.3%). Five studies discussed the interventions by health care professionals for proper eye drop instillation technique (22.7%). Two studies discussed the intervention by community pharmacist in patient education and improved training on the correct instillation of eye drop. There are different aspects of application errors encountered by patients while using eye drop, particularly in glaucoma elderly patients, and polypharmacy. These application errors could lead to a diverse range of complications, such as poor medication, ocular infections, increased health care expenses, reduced treatment effectiveness, and lower health outcomes. There is a potential role of pharmacist-led interventions in minimising procedures associated with improper technique and application of eye drops to avoid decreased therapeutic response and treatment failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"760-770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual performance and quality of life in myopic adolescents with pupil-optimised multifocal versus single-vision contact lenses.","authors":"Ceren Durmaz Engin, Beyza Yapıcı, Seher Köksaldı, Ozgul Vupa Çilengiroğlu","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2432449","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2432449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Myopia control is a prominent area of global research, with multifocal contact lenses identified as an effective intervention for adolescents.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the visual performance and vision-related quality of life (QoL) of myopic adolescents when corrected with pupil-optimised multifocal soft contact lenses (MFSCLs) versus single-vision contact lenses (SVCLs), with each participant serving as their own control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five myopic adolescents, habitually wearing SVCLs and fitted with pupil-optimised MFSCL with mid-addition power, were recruited. The assessment included distance visual acuity (DVA), near visual acuity (NVA), maximum reading speed (MRS), reading acuity (RA), contrast sensitivity (CS), and stereoacuity (SA) in photopic conditions for both types of lenses. Vision-related QoL was quantified twice for both lens types using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-42), covering 13 vision-specific domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparisons of visual outcomes between MFSCLs and SVCLs for the same subjects revealed statistically significant differences in DVA (<i>p</i> = 0.010), NVA (<i>p</i> = 0.014), MRS (<i>p</i> = 0.044), and RA (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with SVCLs outperforming in DVA only. No significant difference in CS and SA was observed between the two lens types. According to the NEI VFQ-42, scores for clarity of vision, far vision, glare, and satisfaction with correction were higher with SVCLs, while the score for near vision was higher with MFSCLs. When fitted with MFSCLs, no significant correlations were found between pupil size and age of the patient with any visual examination parameters. However, there was a significant negative correlation between the DVA, NVA and the spherical equivalent of the lens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MFSCLs with mid-add power significantly improve NVA, MRS, and RA, albeit with a reduction in DVA compared to SVCLs. While SVCLs were associated with better clarity of vision, far vision, and satisfaction with correction, MFSCLs offered superior performance in near vision tasks, according to the NEI VFQ-42 scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"792-799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential utility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography and biometry in differentiating plateau iris configuration from pupillary block.","authors":"Suresh Kumar Yadav, Arnav Panigrahi, Deepak Gupta, Shikha Gupta, Viney Gupta","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2428304","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2428304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Angle closure glaucoma is one of the most common blinding diseases encountered mainly in older age groups, although it may also occur at a younger age. Identifying the underlying cause of angle closure helps in designing specific treatment strategies essential for effective disease management.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary angle closure disease, caused due to pupillary block (PB) and plateau iris configuration (PIC), necessitates different management strategies. This study assessed the potential utility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) and optical biometry in distinguishing PIC from PB in primary angle closure disease of the young (PACDy).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged 20-40 years with PACDy and age-matched healthy controls were recruited. Ophthalmic examinations included gonioscopy, ultrasound biomicroscopy, ASOCT, and biometry. Anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, central corneal thickness, lens position, relative lens position, vitreous cavity length, lens vault, relative lens vault and angle opening distance, trabecular iris space area, and trabecular iris angle were measured. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis evaluated the discriminative ability of these parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 280 eyes, 128 were normal and 152 had PACDy. Of 128 PACDy, 88 had PIC, and 64 had PB. Both PIC and PB had significantly smaller ASOCT and biometric parameters than normal eyes. However, PIC had intermediate biometric values that fell between normal eyes and PB. All the aforementioned parameters, except central corneal thickness, showed excellent discriminating ability of PIC and PB from normal eyes; however, no single parameter can strongly differentiate PB from PIC. Axial length and relative lens vault had the highest, although weak, power for discriminating PB from PIC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ASOCT and biometry effectively distinguish PIC and PB from normal eyes, but no single parameter reliably differentiates PIC from PB. Comprehensive gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy may be necessary for accurate diagnosis in PACDy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"814-820"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}