Reaction Chemistry & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"A novel approach on reverse electroplating to remove diamond particles and recover stainless steel wire from waste diamond coated wire","authors":"Bharathwaj Murugesan, Karuppasamy Pichan and Ramasamy Perumalsamy","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00469H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00469H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Diamond coated wire (DCW) has been widely used in various industries such as semiconductors, photovoltaics and ceramics for cutting and slicing. Notably, the increasing demand for these wires has led to a significant amount of waste generation. The disposal of used DCW raises significant environmental concerns, including waste accumulation through landfilling, potential toxicity, and resource depletion. Furthermore, the economic implications are substantial, resulting in the loss of valuable materials and increased production costs. In this study, we present a new method for recovering waste DCW by extracting diamond particles and stainless steel (SS) wire by removing the Ni coating using the reverse electroplating (REP) process. In this technique, process parameters such as acid concentration (mole), time (minutes), temperature (°C), and current density (A dm<small>⁻²</small>) are optimised to achieve better efficiency. The surface morphology of the DCW was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The metal layers and their composition were investigated using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. After the REP, the particle size distribution of the retrieved diamond particles and the thickness of the SS wire core were measured. The removal efficiency for the nickel coating and diamond particles from the wire was calculated.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1131-1144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical modelling of non-premixed hydrogen blended combustion in a 3D-combustor with jet optimisation","authors":"Michael E. Okolo, David S. Adebayo and Chike F. Oduoza","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00537F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00537F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The use of modular combustion systems with multiple jets has gained attention as an efficient and reliable solution for combined heat and power (CHP) applications to enhance the transition to clean and renewable energy for power generation, thereby meeting the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 in addressing climate change challenges. In this study, the performance of a 3D combustor with multiple jets has been modelled numerically and analysed using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique. The efficiency of the combustor is evaluated under varying operational and geometrical conditions such as fuel flow rate, jet number, and hydrogen concentration in the fuel mixture. The investigation results showed that the combustor jet has an optimum operational value for increased efficiency at 16 jets, further indicating the impact of jet number on fuel resident time and mixture in the combustion chamber. In contrast, lower jet numbers resulted in inefficient combustion. The results also revealed that the operation of the combustor should be limited to lower fuel velocities to maintain efficient combustion. The findings of this study provide useful insights for the improvement of modular combustion systems for clean energy production.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1114-1130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/re/d4re00537f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallization-integrated mandelate racemase-catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic mandelic acid†","authors":"Feodor Belov, Alexandra Lieb and Jan von Langermann","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00576G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00576G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Classical approaches for the preparation of enantiopure mandelic acid conventionally employ chiral resolution methods like diastereomeric crystallization or kinetic resolution. Those are, however, limited by their theoretical yield of 50% of the utilized racemate. Dynamic kinetic resolution solves this challenge by the addition of a racemization step for the unprocessed enantiomer, maximizing yields. For mandelic acid, a special enzyme class of mandelate racemases can perform this racemization step. In this study, we combine enzymatic racemization of mandelic acid with diastereomeric salt crystallization of (<em>R</em>)-mandelic acid to achieve a chemoenzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution of mandelic acid at mild conditions in water.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1145-1153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/re/d4re00576g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical P-ZSM-5 zeolites in situ synthesized using home-made asymmetric quaternary phosphonium for the methanol-to-propylene reaction†","authors":"Yonglin Ren, Yimin Zhang, Xinyu Xu, Binbin He and Yun Zu","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00623B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00623B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Phosphorization and hierarchization of industrially important ZSM-5 zeolites as one of the primary catalysts for the methanol-to-propylene (MTP) reaction have increased their catalytic stability and C<small>₃</small>H<small>₆</small> selectivity, but they still suffer from issues of poor phosphorus stabilization efficiency, uneven dispersion, and cumbersome synthesis and modification. In this work, we prepared a series of hierarchical P-ZSM-5 zeolites <em>in situ</em> in a one-step process by utilizing home-made asymmetric tributyl-(<em>R</em>)-phosphonium (R = propyl-, octyl-, or hexadecyl-) hydroxides with adjustable basicity and spatial configurations. Results revealed that the higher intercrystalline mesopore volume in the hierarchical P-ZSM-5 zeolites was generated with an increase in the R-alkyl chain length and the basicity of asymmetric tributyl-(<em>R</em>)-phosphonium. Moreover, fabricating tetracoordinated-phosphorus species could not only decrease the density of Brønsted acid sites and reinforce its acidity but could also stabilize them. Notably, the strong Brønsted acidity decreased with an increase in the number of mesopores. MTP tests showed that the hierarchical PZ-P catalyst synthesized using tributylpropylphosphonium exhibited an appreciable catalytic lifetime (23 h) and higher C<small>₃</small>H<small>₆</small> selectivity (51.2%) in comparison to the conventional ZSM-5 zeolite. Given this, a positive relationship among the C<small>₃</small>H<small>₆</small> selectivity, hierarchy factor and strong Brønsted acidity was further revealed. This work gives valuable information for developing an efficient MTP catalyst and on phosphorus–zeolite chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1164-1172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ fabrication of MoO2–Ni3(PO4)2/NF heterojunction composite material for application as a supercapacitor electrode†","authors":"Zhongxin Jin, Feng Lin, Caiying Li, Cheng Shao, Yang Xu, Fangze Li, Haijun Pang and Huiyuan Ma","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00564C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00564C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Supercapacitors, as highly regarded energy storage devices, have garnered vital attention in recent years. Developing electrode materials exhibiting great electrochemical performance is at the core of supercapacitor research. Constructing heterojunction structures can improve the electrochemical performance of electrode materials effectively. Heterojunction structures can mutually compensate for their limitations, facilitating electron transfer and reactions. Herein, a MoO<small>₂</small>–Ni<small>₃</small>(PO<small>₄</small>)<small>₂</small>/NF (NF = nickel foam) heterojunction was <em>in situ</em> synthesized on NF <em>via</em> a two-step method combining hydrothermal synthesis and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), using polyoxometalate (NH<small>₄</small>)<small>₆</small>[NiMo<small>₉</small>O<small>₃₂</small>]·6H<small>₂</small>O as the precursor. This heterojunction provides more active sites and enhances conductivity. The MoO<small>₂</small>–Ni<small>₃</small>(PO<small>₄</small>)<small>₂</small>/NF heterojunction exhibits a galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) time of up to 643 s at a current density of 1 A g<small>⁻¹</small>. It displays a specific capacitance of 396 F g<small>⁻¹</small> and retains 82.2% after 1000 cycles. The asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device with this modified electrode material has 50% capacitance retention after 1000 cycles of charge and discharge. The specific capacitance of the ASC device at 1 A g<small>⁻¹</small> current density is 30.5 F g<small>⁻¹</small>, presenting an energy density of 3.8 W h kg<small>⁻¹</small>, and a power density of 0.13 W kg<small>⁻¹</small>. Therefore, the MoO<small>₂</small>–Ni<small>₃</small>(PO<small>₄</small>)<small>₂</small>/NF heterojunction, as an electrode material for supercapacitors, demonstrates excellent application potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1154-1163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic microkinetic effects of spray-drying and SiC co-support on Mn–Na2WO4/SiO2 catalysts used in oxidative coupling of methane†","authors":"Gontzal Lezcano, Shekhar R. Kulkarni, Vijay K. Velisoju, Natalia Realpe and Pedro Castaño","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00403E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00403E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This paper presents a microkinetic model to evaluate the effects of a silicon carbide (SiC) co-support and the shaping method on Mn–Na<small>₂</small>WO<small>₄</small>/SiO<small>₂</small> catalysts used for the oxidative coupling of methane. The model considers mass transfer, catalytic, and gas-phase kinetics, and it is trained with experimental values (product composition) of three Mn–Na<small>₂</small>WO<small>₄</small> catalysts for calculating the kinetic parameters using catalytic descriptors while maintaining thermodynamic consistency. The catalysts were an SiO<small>₂</small>-supported catalyst prepared through impregnation and two SiO<small>₂</small>–SiC-supported catalysts (with βSiC and α + βSiC) prepared <em>via</em> spray-drying. Our analysis shows how the type of SiC and preparation method affect the textural properties and result in distinct CH<small>₃</small>˙ radical oxidation, HO<small>₂</small>˙ quenching, C<small>₂</small>H<small>₄</small> oxidation, and CO<small>_<em>X</em></small> transformation pathways, eventually leading to CH<small>₄</small> conversion and C<small>₂</small> selectivity. Our approach facilitates the assessment of the effects of the promoter and support on individual and global reaction networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 975-998"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/re/d4re00403e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulphidation of Cu2+, CuO and Cu2O within the matrix of carboxylic cation exchangers – compositional, morphological and thermal properties of CuxS containing composites","authors":"Elżbieta Kociołek-Balawejder, Irena Jacukowicz-Sobala, Juliusz Winiarski, Igor Mucha and Katarzyna Winiarska","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00604F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00604F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The study aimed to optimize the synthesis of novel hybrid ion exchangers and evaluate the dispersion of copper sulphides within the porous polymeric phase. Cu<small>_<em>x</em></small>S fine particles were embedded within carboxylic cation exchangers (CCEs) using different copper precursors: Cu<small>²⁺</small> connected with functional groups (a), dispersed CuO particles (b), and dispersed Cu<small>₂</small>O particles (c). The study evaluated the impact of the CCEs' structure (gel-type or macroporous) and the copper precursor (Cu<small>²⁺</small>, CuO, or Cu<small>₂</small>O) on the quantity, chemical composition, distribution and morphology of Cu<small>_<em>x</em></small>S. After sulphidation Cu<small>_<em>x</em></small>S rich HIXs containing as much as 15.3–12.0 wt% Cu and 5.97–3.16 wt% S were prepared. XRD analysis indicated CuS, Cu<small>₄</small>S<small>₇</small>, Cu<small>_1.75</small>S, Cu<small>_1.95</small>S, and Cu<small>₂</small>S phase inside the beads, with covellite (a), (b), and chalcocite (c) as the main crystalline phase. The XPS analyses revealed the products of Cu<small>_<em>x</em></small>S oxidation and hydrolysis: CuO, Cu(OH)<small>₂</small>, and CuSO<small>₄</small> on the surface of the CCE grains. In the HIXs, the deposit was dispersed evenly throughout the volume of the beads. The deposit resulting from (a) and (b) was nanometric, without the formation of large agglomerates. The deposit resulting from (c) was characterized by much larger sizes exceeding several hundred nanometers. The TG/DTG curves of four HIXs obtained by the (b) and (c) transformation showed remarkable thermal stability up to a temperature of 400 °C. The obtained composites, by combining the affinity, selectivity and exceptionally high sorption capacity of Cu<small>_<em>x</em></small>S for heavy metals (especially mercury) may be valuable in water purification processes in column flow-through systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1077-1095"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast and scalable continuous flow synthesis of butenolides and coumarins†","authors":"Lucas Coral Ferreira, Renan de Souza Galaverna, Tom McBride, Rodrigo Costa e Silva, Duncan L. Browne and Julio Cezar Pastre","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00567H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00567H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Herein, we present a versatile and efficient continuous flow protocol for the synthesis of structurally diverse butenolides and coumarins through the <em>in situ</em> generation of acylketenes <em>via</em> the retro hetero-Diels–Alder reaction of dioxinones with α-hydroxy-ketones and salicylaldehydes, respectively. This protocol enabled the synthesis of 5 examples of butenolides with yields ranging from 30 to 91% and 16 examples of coumarins with yields ranging from 30 to 99%. The versatility and practicality of the protocol were demonstrated by the gram-scale synthesis of a biologically relevant γ-spiro butenolide core, as well as the production of benzo-coumarins. Modern medicinal chemistry demands both scalability and the ability to synthesize structurally diverse compounds in a single synthetic platform, and our methodology effectively addresses these challenges in a fast and safer manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1108-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/re/d4re00567h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogenation of CO2 to synthetic natural gas (SNG) with 100% selectivity over a Ni–ZnO–MgO catalyst†","authors":"Mahendra Kumar Meena, Shalini Biswas and Prakash Biswas","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00587B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00587B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The CO<small>₂</small> hydrogenation activity of a Ni–ZnO–MgO catalyst prepared by the co-precipitation technique is evaluated in a down-flow tubular reactor. The physicochemical properties of the catalyst were characterized by various techniques, including N<small>₂</small>-physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), hydrogen chemisorption, FE-SEM, TGA, TEM, XPS, <em>etc.</em> Hydrogenation experiments were performed at different temperatures (200–400 °C) and mild pressure (1–15 bar) at a constant feed gas (H<small>₂</small>/CO<small>₂</small>/N<small>₂</small>) molar ratio of 3 : 1 : 3. The total feed flow rate was maintained at 3 × 10<small>⁻³</small> mol min<small>⁻¹</small>. Results demonstrated that the Ni–ZnO–MgO catalyst was ∼100% selective to CH<small>₄</small>. ZnO helped to improve not only the catalyst stability <em>via</em> hydrogen spillover effect but also the nickel metal dispersion, and MgO enhanced the CO<small>₂</small> adsorption. Overall, the reaction mechanism followed the formate species pathway to obtain almost 100% methane selectivity. Time-on-stream study suggested that the catalyst was stable with negligible carbon formation. The used catalyst characterization results showed that the catalyst morphology remained unchanged before and after the reaction. Therefore, the developed Ni–ZnO–MgO catalyst is very promising for the selective hydrogenation of CO<small>₂</small> to synthetic natural gas (SNG).</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1054-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated strategy for corncob pretreatment and coproduction of furfural and monosaccharides based on p-toluenesulfonic acid and a deep eutectic solvent system†","authors":"Liping Luo, Wenxuan Wu, Yanan Shen, Yuheng Tao, Liqun Wang and Qing Qing","doi":"10.1039/D4RE00500G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RE00500G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High-value valorization of cellulose and hemicellulose fractions in lignocellulosic biomass is crucial for a feasible biomass refinery scheme. In this study, an integrated strategy was developed for pretreatment of corncob and coproduction of furfural and high-concentration fermentable sugars. The hemicellulose fraction in raw corncob was selectively extracted to produce a xylose-rich hydrolysate <em>via</em> pretreatment with dilute <em>p</em>-toluenesulfonic acid (<em>p</em>-TsOH) under optimal reaction conditions (0.5% <em>p</em>-TsOH, 160 °C, and 30 min). Thereafter, the xylose hydrolysate was subjected to catalytic conversion in a DES (TEBAC : LA = 1 : 4) system at 190 °C for 10 min. Notably, 78.6% furfural yield was achieved, and the corresponding xylose conversion was close to 100.0%. In addition, the pretreated corncob residue exhibited excellent enzymatic digestibility as the yields of reducing sugar and glucose were 90.7% and 97.0%, respectively, at a high solid loading of 12%. This proposed approach represents an integrated strategy for coproduction of multiple products from agriculture residues.</p>","PeriodicalId":101,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Chemistry & Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":" 1096-1107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}