Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Optical Zone Decentration after SMILE and FS-LASIK for Low and Moderate Myopia","authors":"Shao Yu, Limin Fan, Shengxu Liu, Bolun Zhang, Z. Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To compare the optical zone decentration between small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) in treating myopia and astigmatism, and to analyze the correlation between the decentration distance and corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs), angle kappa, spherical equivalent (SE), and the dominant eye. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000This research was based on the retrospective analysis of 62 patients (124 eyes) who had undergone SMILE and 44 patients (88 eyes) who had undergone FS-LASIK in Guangzhou Aier Eye Hospital between January 2018 and October 2018. Based on the 3-month postoperative tangent curvature [front] map of Pentacam, the 6 mm cutting boundary was fitted with a self-made concentric circle and the distance from the center to the top of the cornea was recorded as decentration. Independent t-tests, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, and a chi-square test were used to analyze the collected data. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The decentration was 0.27±0.14 mm for SMILE and 0.25±0.13 mm for FS-LASIK, and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. There was a correlation between decentration distance and coma (r=0.288, P=0.009) for FS-LASIK but not for SMILE. There was no correlation between decentration distance and angle kappa or SE for both groups. There was no significant difference in eccentricity between the dominant and non-dominant eye in both groups. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000The accuracy of the manual centration location of SMILE is similar to that of the automatic centration location of FS-LASIK. There is a correlation between decentration distance and coma for FS-LASIK, but not for SMILE. There is no correlation between decentration distance and angle kappa, SE, or the dominant eye. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000small incision lenticule extraction; laser in situ keratomileusis; center shift; angel kappa; aberration","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":"698-702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88845209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Short-Term Clinical Analysis of Q-Value-Guided Micro-Monovision LASIK for Myopic Astigmatism and Presbyopia","authors":"L. Hui, W. Qing, Ma Yuna, Liang Jiangfeng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To evaluate the safety, effectiveness and predictability of Q-value-guided micro-monovision laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in the treatment of myopia and presbyopia. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000A prospective study was performed based on 35 patients (70 eyes) with myopia and presbyopia, who underwent Q-value-guided micro-monovision LASIK in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from August 2017 to May 2018. At the 3-month postoperative visit, examinations were performed that included binocular and monocular distance and near visual acuity (logMAR), manifest refraction, contrast sensitivity (CS) and stereopsis. In addition, questionnaires of asthenopic symptoms due to near-distance work were also included for all the patients 3 months postoperatively. The data before and after surgery were analyzed using a paired t test. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000Binocular distance best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.01±0.06 before surgery and was -0.04±0.21 at 3 months after surgery. Thus, none of the eyes lost one line after the operation. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of the dominant eye and the non-dominant eye were -0.04±0.19 and 0.04±0.13, respectively. In all patients, near distance UCVA of the dominant eye was equal to 20/25 or above, and that of the non-dominant eye was 20/20. In addition, the difference between the actually obtained spherical equivalent (SE) and target SE was in the range of ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D for 60 eyes (86%) and 75 eyes (100%), respectively. At 3 months after surgery, CS had a significant improvement of 18.0 c/d spatial frequency under day+peripheral glare (t=-2.504, P=0.017). The spatial frequencies for day 1.5 c/d, 6.0 c/d and 18.0 c/d, day+peripheral glare 6 c/d, night 1.5 c/d and night+peripheral glare 18.0 c/d had significantly decreased compared to that before surgery (P<0.05). All other conditions were restored to preoperative levels. There was no significant difference in stereopsis before and after surgery. No patients suffered from headache, nausea, blurred reading or difficulty with nearsightedness after near-distance work at 3 months postoperatively. All patients (100%) were satisfied with the results of the operation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000The Q-value-guided micro-monovision LASIK protocol is a safe, effective and predictable method for the treatment of myopic patients with presbyopia. Patients can obtain better binocular distance, near vision and visual function simultaneously. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000myopia; Q value; presbyopia laser in situ keratomileusis; contrast sensitivity; stereopsis","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":"661-667"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88644552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Asthenopia and Related Factors in the General Public in China","authors":"R. Deng, Yu Zhu, Jiafan Zhang, Na Lin, Xiao-man Li, Yan-zun Lin, Jingwei Zheng, F. Lu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To investigate the incidence of asthenopia in the general public in China and the factors that influence it. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000This was a cross-sectional investigation. A questionnaire was distributed to the general public in China from June 2016 to January 2017 by paper and the internet. The questionnaire included three main dimensions: Eye discomfort, visual symptoms and systemic symptoms. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000A total of 1 909 valid questionnaires were collected from 163 cities in 24 provinces and were included in this cross-sectional investigation study. The incidence of ocular complaints and dry eye was 13.28% and 16.26%, which were the most common symptoms in the eye discomfort dimension. The incidence of ocular complaints and dry eye was significantly higher in people over 40 years of age than in people below 40 years of age (χ2=13.359, P<0.001; χ2=9.870, P=0.002). Among people who had dry eye, there was a 44.85% incidence of ocular complaints and there was a 54.66% incidence of dry eye among people who had ocular complaints. There was a significant correlation between dry eye and ocular complaints (r=0.407, P=0.01). The incidence of blur and blur that cleared after blinking was 11.51% and 11.95%, respectively, which were the most common symptoms in the visual symptom dimension. The incidence of hard to focus and forgetful, and slower reading speed were 13.05% and 13.13%, respectively, which were the most common symptoms in the systemic symptom dimension. Age was significantly related to these symptoms (OR=1.02, P=0.008; OR=1.02, P<0.001). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000The incidence of different asthenopia symptoms in the general public in China is high, including eye discomfort, visual symptoms and systemic symptoms. Age and amount of time working at near distance are important factors for eye discomfort. Age is the important factor for the visual and systemic symptoms of asthenopia. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000asthenopia; eye discomfort; visual symptom; systemic symptom","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"35 1","pages":"668-676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86963703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Term Therapeutic Effect of Modified Epiretinal Membrane Surgery","authors":"Shuai Sheng, Jie Zhang, Rongyu Gao","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To compare the early therapeutic effects of modified epiretinal membrane surgery to traditional epiretinal membrane surgery for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000From February to August 2018, 30 eyes of 30 IERM patients who had been treated in Weifang Eye Hospital were selected consecutively and received surgical treatment independently performed by the same physician in Weifang Eye Hospital. The patients were divided into a traditional group and modified group using a simple random method. All 15 eyes in the traditional group were treated with vitrectomy and traditional epiretinal membrane peeling, while all 15 eyes in the modified group were treated with vitrectomy and epiretinal membrane blunt peeling. All patients were reviewed at 1 week,1 month, and 3 months after surgery. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after the operation, the central retina thickness (CRT) (μm) measured by Spectralis OCT, the ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) (μm) measured by ganglion cell analysis (GCA) with Cirrus HD-OCT, the changes in retinal morphology in the macular area, and the amplitude densities and latencies of the P1 waves from the multifocal electroretinogram (mERG). Data were analyzed using t test. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000Postoperative BCVA increased in both groups compared with preoperative measurements and the differences were statistically significant (traditional group: t=4.176, P=0.001; modified group: t=6.187, P<0.001). The BCVA in the modified group was significantly better than that in the traditional group (t=2.219, P=0.035). Postoperative CRT decreased in both groups compared with preoperative CRT and the differences were statistically significant (traditional group: t=5.666, P<0.001; modified group: t=13.905, P<0.001). The CRT in the modified group was significantly lower than that in the traditional group (t=2.144, P=0. 041). GCIPL thickness: There was no significant difference between the two groups before and after surgery, and no significant change before and after surgery (t=-3.350, P=0.066) in the traditional group, but there was an increase after surgery in the modified group (t=-14.148, P<0.001). The P-wave peak of the mERG 1 ring: No significant differences were found between the two groups before surgery (t=0.550, P=0.860). In the two group, there was an increase after surgery (traditional group: t=16.932, P<0.001; modified group: t=-29.701, P<0.001), and the results of the modified group was better than that of the traditional group (t=-20.882, P<0.001). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000Blunt peeling of the anterior epiretinal membrane is a practical, simple and safe treatment method. It can effectively restore the morphological structure of the macular area, improve the patient's vision and improve macular function. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000idiopathic epiretinal membrane; epiretinal membrane peeling; blunt peeling; inner retinal layer","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"703-710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86130920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Overnight Orthokeratology Lens Wear on Corneal Endothelial Cells in Adolescents","authors":"Lichun Wang, Yu Zhang, Yue-guo Chen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To investigate the effect of overnight orthokeratology (ortho-k) lens wear on the number and morphology of corneal endothelial cells in adolescents. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000This was a retrospective self-control study. Twenty adolescents with monocular myopia who had been wearing ortho-k lenses overnight for more than one year from 2015 to 2017 were included in this study at Peking University Third Hospital. Twenty eyes prescribed to wear ortho-k lenses overnight were the experimental group, and 20 contralateral eyes without treatment were the control group. The corneal endothelium was examined with specular microscopy to calculate mean endothelial cell density (ECD), percentage of hexagonal cells (HEX) and the coefficient of variation (CV) before and after wearing the lenses for 1 year. A paired t-test was used to analyze the data between the two groups. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000There were no significant differences in baseline ECD, HEX or CV between the two groups (P>0.05). In the control group, ECD also decreased (t=2.490, P=0.022) with an annual decrease of 1.99%; HEX decreased (t=4.096, P=0.001) with an annual decline of 4.23%. There was no significant difference in CV between the two groups (P>0.05). In the experimental group, ECD showed a downward trend (t=5.802, P 0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000The number and morphology of corneal endothelial cells are not significantly affected by wearing overnight ortho-k lenses for one year. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000orthokeratology; myopia; endothelial cell density; percentage of hexagonal cells; coefficient of variation","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"11 1","pages":"677-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87764535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Novel Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography to Study Macular Retinal Vascular Density for Different Refractive Errors","authors":"Weicong Lu, Yue Li, Qin-Mei Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To evaluate the reliability of novel optical coherence tomography angiography (Angio OCT) in measuring macular retinal vascular density with different refractive powers. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000One hundred twenty subjects came to regular examination between April to October 2016 in Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University were recruited for this prospective study and the right eyes were selected. Subjects were divided into three groups based on their spherical equivalent (SE): Low myopia group (SE≤-3.00 D), Moderate myopia group (from -3.00 D to -6.00 D) and High myopia group (SE>-6.00 D). Angio OCT (RTVue XR, Optovue, USA) was used to create the En-Face images and an automatic identification program segmented the retina and then calculated vessel density. Repeatability was assessed by within-subject deviation (Sw) and test-retest (TRT). And a Pearson correlation was used to assess the relationship among vessel density, refractive power and axial length. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The age range and SE of subjects was 22.00±5.60 years and -4.80±2.48 D. All three groups showed good repeatability in retinal vascular density calculations. The TRT values were all lower than 6.1%. When analyzing the vascular density of the four quadrants, the inferior quadrant showed larger values than the other three quadrants except for the moderate myopia group in which the repeatability of the nasal quadrant was the worst. Even so, there was no statistical significance found in the three groups. The correlation coefficient between foveal vascular density and refractive power and axial length was 0.19 (P=0.037) and 0.246 (P=0.007), separately. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000The Angio OCT demonstrates good reliability in measuring macular retinal vascular density and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Different refractive powers do not influence the validity of the results. In addition, refractive power and axial length have a weak positive correlation with foveal vascular density. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000repeatability; retinal vascular density; optical coherence tomography angiography; foveal avascular zone","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"66 1","pages":"608-613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79606831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-199a-3p Inhibits Proliferation of Uveal Melanoma Cells","authors":"Jiao Wang, Lihua Wang, Qiongjie Cao, Yunping Zhao","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To investigate the effect of MicroRNA-199a-3p (miR-199a-3p) on proliferation of uveal melanoma cells. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000In this experimental research, real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the level of miR-199a-3p in a human melanocyte cell line (UM96) and uveal melanoma cell line (OCM290). Lipofectamine was used to transfect miR-199a-3p into uveal melanoma cells to upregulate the expression level of miR-199a-3p. A scrambled oligonucleotide was transfected into uveal melanoma cells as the negative control (NC). The proliferation of uveal melanoma cells was examined by cell proliferation assay (MTS) and clone formation experiments. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the cell cycle of uveal melanoma cells. In addition, Western blot was used to identify the protein level of cell cycle-related proteins. Data analysis was performed by independent t-tests. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The level of miR-199a-3p in uveal melanoma cells significantly decreased compared tomelanocyte cells (t=13.2, P<0.001). After the transfection, the MTS assay showed that the relative number of cells transfected with miR-199a-3p (23.8%±1.7%) was significantly lower than those transfected with NC (t=78.1, P<0.001). The recovery expression level of miR-199a-3p inhibited colony formation, and also induced G1-phase arrest in uveal melanoma cells (t=-8.5, P=0.001). Furthermore, it was found that miR-199a-3p could deregulate the protein level of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDK2, CDK4) and the transcription factor (E2F1) (t=10.3, P=0.001; t=9.9, P=0.001; t=10.4, P<0.001). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000miR-199a-3p inhibits the proliferation of uveal melanoma cells by preventing the cell cycle process. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000MicroRNA-199a-3p; uveal melanoma; proliferation","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":"569-575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83036006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Pathological Features of Six Cases of Corneo-Conjunctival Malignant Melanoma","authors":"Lian Tan, Han-ping Xie, Yana Fu, Yu-Rong Zeng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To summarize the clinical and pathological features of malignant ocular surface melanoma and study the treatment and prognosis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000The clinical, pathological and follow-up data of 6 patients with ocular surface melanoma were collected from July 2006 to February 2013 in Southwest Hospital Affiliated the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University). The pathological examinations were performed by HE staining of paraffin sections and immunohistochemical staining, which were used for detecting HMB-45 and S-100, respectively. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The 6 patients with ocular surface melanoma ranged in age from 13 to 76 years old, and averaged 56.4 years old. Five cases were monocular, while 1 case was binocular. Four patients had multiple centers and 2 had a single center. Total or partial lamellar keratoplasty was performed after the tumors were completely excised. Based on the scope of the tumor, the extended resections were 5 mm adjacent to the tumor in the conjunctiva and 2 mm in the cornea. The conjunctiva adjacent to the tumor were mostly infiltrated with tumor cells. The postoperative follow-up time ranged from 10 months to 8 years, average 51.6 months. Among the 6 patients, 4 experienced no recurrence, 1 developed homolateral mandibular and preauricular lymph node metastasis and 1 died from systemic metastasis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000Malignant ocular surface melanoma is rare with a high malignancy and poor prognosis. Most pathological types of malignant ocular surface melanoma are epithelial cell types, early diagnosis and expanded resection is an important way to improve prognosis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000corneo-conjunctival melanoma; malignant melanoma; diagnosis; treatment; prognosis","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"11 1","pages":"586-590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84167923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of the Correlation between Abnormal Blinking and Dry Eye in Children Using a Non-Invasive Ocular Surface Analyzer","authors":"Keran Li, Keke Li, Nana Tong","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To evaluate the dry eye status of children with abnormal blinking using a slit lamp and non-invasive ocular surface analyzer. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000In this cross-sectional study, 85 patients with abnormal blinking (170 eyes), aged 3 to 13 years old, who had a normal ocular surface and were admitted to the Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Eye Hospital from 2017 to 2018 were selected. The slit lamp was used for anterior segment examination, and the Keratograh-D ocular surface analyzer was used to measure noninvasive tear meniscus height (NTMH), noninvasive tear film break-up time (NITBUTf), average noninvasive tear film break-up time (NITBUTav), and the degree of meibomian gland loss to analyze the causes of abnormal blinking in children. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and rank correlation analysis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The NTMH value of the 85 patients was 0.19±0.05 mm; NITBUTf was 7.5± 5.3 s, and NIBUTav was 8.6±5.6 s. The degree of meibomian gland loss was 0.7±0.8. In meibomian gland photography, 78 had no missing meibomian glands; in 62 eyes meibomian gland loss was less than 1/3; in 27 eyes meibomian gland loss was more than 1/3 and less than 2/3; in 3 eyes meibomian gland loss was greater than 2/3. The morphology of the meibomian glands in 46 eyes was abnormal. Among the 85 children with abnormal blinking, 77 (91%) were diagnosed with dry eye and 8 (9%) were normal. Tear deficiency accounted for 10 cases (13%); excessive evaporation dry eye accounted for 25 cases (32%); and mixed tear deficiency and evaporation accounted for 42 cases (55%). There was no significant correlation between gender and NTMH, but there was a significant correlation between gender and both NIBUTf and NIBUTav (r=0.31, 0.32, P<0.001). There was no significant cor-relation between age and both NTMH and NITBUTf, but there was a slight positive correlation between age and NIBUTav (r=0.19, P<0.017). The course of abnormal blinking was negatively correlated with NTMH, NITBUTf and NITBUTav (r=-0.61, -0.37, -0.40, P<0.001). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000Dry eye is the main cause of abnormal blinking in children with normal ocular surfaces. The ocular surface analyzer is a non-contact, non-invasive and repeatable rapid exami-nation method, which is highly valuable in evaluating eye surface conditions in children with abnormal blinking. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000abnormal blink; non-invasive ocular surface analyzer; dry eye in children; stability of tear film","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"39 1","pages":"630-635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80782966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Features of Type III Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia and the Effect of Prism Correction","authors":"Shiqiang Zhao, Xiaobing Wang, A. Sun","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To analyze the clinical features of acute acquired c oncomitant esotropia (AACE) type III and the effect of prism correction, including three-stage visual function, stability and the degree of satisfaction. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000This was a self-control study. Patients with AACE (III) were examined for strabismus with a von Graefe prism, Maddox rod and synoptophore. The fusion range was measured with a synoptophore, and a prism was prescribed. The changes in values before and after wearing the prism were analyzed, and a satisfaction survey was done. The data were analyzed by a paired t test. The follow-up period ranged from 2 months to 2 years (0.7±0.5 years). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The degree of distance and near strabismus with the von Graefe prism was 16.9△±7.0△ and 15.1△±7.5△; with Maddox rod it was 22.6△±8.5△, 16.3△±9.0△; and the degree of distance strabismus with a synoptophore was 18.0△±8.2△. The fusion range with synoptophore was 25.4°±8.8°. The prism preschiption was 6.4△±3.0△. The comparison of distance strabismus and near strabismus with the von Graefe prism separation was no significant difference before and after wearing the prism (t=0.266, P=0.792 and t=0.731, P=0.471). The comparison of distance strabismus and near strabismus with Maddox rod was no significant difference before and after wearing the prism (t=-0.040, P=0.969 and t=-0.587, P=0.562). The comparison of distance strabismus with the synoptophore was t=-0.523, P=0.606 before and after wearing the prism. There was no significant difference in the fusion range (t=-1.210, P=0.237) or the strength of the prescription (t=0.000, P=1.000). There was no difference in stereopsis before and after wearing the prism. After wearing the prism, diplopia disappeared and the subjective evaluation of the effect of the prism was satisfactory for 11% and very satisfactory for 89%. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000AACE type III has the clinical features of a wide onset age range, large strabismus degree, greater distant strabismus degree than near strabismus degree, fusion function and potential stereopsis function. Prism correction is a good method that can eliminate diplopia, and will not affect the degree of strabismus, fusion range, or stereopsis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000acute acquired concomitant esotropia; diplopia; strabismus; prism","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"112 1","pages":"597-601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76979570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}