Problemy endokrinologii最新文献

{"title":"[Resolution of the Joint Meeting of the Expert Council \"Hypoparathyroidism in the Era of Complex Problems and Breakthrough Technologies\"].","authors":"N G Mokrysheva, T P Bardymova, E E Bibik, A K Eremkina, T L Karonova, E V Kovaleva, I V Kryukova, I P Malaya, V A Peterkova, L S Sozaeva, M Sh Shamkhalova, T V Yakimova","doi":"10.14341/probl13805","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On March 25, 2026, a meeting of the Expert Council entitled \"Hypoparathyroidism in the Era of Complex Challenges and Breakthrough Technologies\" was held in Moscow at the Endocrinology Research Centre. The meeting focused on the epidemiology of chronic hypoparathyroidism (hypoPT) in Russia, the specifics of patient management with this pathology in other countries, and the similarities and differences between international and Russian clinical guidelines.The meeting discussed advances in improving diagnostics and personalized treatment for patients with hypoPT in Russia, as well as the need to implement best practices in practical healthcare as part of the 2027 clinical guidelines revision.The importance of including chronic hypoPT in the official list of rare (orphan) diseases was highlighted, as was the need to continue studying the characteristics of the disease and its complications, diagnosis, monitoring, and prevention of hypoPT, including in the long term. The meeting also highlighted the relevance of an interdisciplinary professional alliance to achieve optimal treatment outcomes and improve the quality of life of patients with chronic hypoPT. The experts highlighted the need to implement innovative, effective treatment methods, including hormone replacement therapy for hypoPT. The Council discussed the efficacy and safety of the new therapeutic technology, TransCon parathyroid hormone. Invited expert Dilek Gogas Yavuz, MD, Professor at the Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (Istanbul, Turkey), shared her experience with the drug and the results of international clinical trials. This resolution is a summary of the issues discussed in the Council members' presentations and during the professional discussions.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 4","pages":"10-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Normophosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis: description of a case with phosphate lowering therapy].","authors":"A V Vitebskaya, Yu V Tikhonovich, A A Kolodkina","doi":"10.14341/probl13713","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Normophosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis (NFTC) is characterized by cutaneous calcifications with no metabolic disorders; it manifests in the first years of life; associated with mutations in SAMD9 gene. Chronic trauma and transient hyperphosphatemia play a leading role in calcification formation.Surgical treatment can remove calcifications, but it does not prevent recurrence and can cause complications. Various conservative therapy is used. Lowering of blood phosphate levels is considered a promising pathogenetic treatment method.We present a clinical case of a patient with NFTC associated with the homozygous variant p.E1200K in SAMD9. A characteristic feature of our patient is the presence of multiple calcifications not only in the areas of injury (limbs), but also in areas of acne (face), as well as particularly active progression of the disease during puberty. A reduction in calcification size was observed after one year of continuous hypophosphatemic therapy (aluminum hydroxide and sevelamer 800 mg). The effectiveness of this therapy is debatable and limited by both poor patient tolerability of sevelamer and poor adherence.This is the first description of a patient with molecularly confirmed NFTC in Russia. A precise diagnosis allowed us to clarify the pathogenetic mechanism of calcification formation and propose treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 4","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Microcephalic osteodysplastic primary dwarfism type II with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in a 16-year-old patient].","authors":"V V Platonov, E D Noskova, Yu L Skorodok, E V Plotnikova, E N Suspitsin, T V Yakovleva, F Z Tsoraeva, M A Polanskaya, Sh A Jamiyeva","doi":"10.14341/probl13554","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microcephalic osteodysplastic primary dwarfism type II (MOPDII) is a form of primordial nanism characterized by extreme short stature, microcephaly, specific phenotype, maxillofacial dysmorphisms, skeletal dysplasia, disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, and neurovascular abnormalities. This article describes a patient with a Seckel syndrome phenotype presenting with left internal carotid artery aneurysms with intracerebral hemorrhages, thrombocytosis, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus due to insulin resistance confirmed by a low Matsuda index. Target carbohydrate metabolism values were achieved on metformin therapy. Clinical exome sequencing revealed two rare heterozygous variants in the PCNT gene: c.6220C&gt;T (p.Gln2074*) and c.4564-12T&gt;A. Comparison of the results of the molecular genetic study and the patient's phenotype allowed us to verify the diagnosis of MOPDII. Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism was described for the first time in this syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 3","pages":"80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Review and comment \"Guidance for salt fortification with iodine: a renewed commitment to achieve optimal iodine nutrition\"].","authors":"G A Gerasimov","doi":"10.14341/probl13717","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the first quarter of the 21st century, iodized salt became available almost everywhere, and only isolated pockets of iodine deficiency remain in the world. By 2024, 126 countries had introduced mandatory iodine fortification of salt, 89% of the world's population consumes iodized salt, and 101 countries have achieved adequate iodine status among their populations, whereas in 1993, low iodine intake was observed in 113 countries. This is why iodine fortification of salt is recognized as one of the greatest achievements in public health. The new recommendations reviewed in this paper update existing guidelines regulating salt fortification programs, their monitoring and evaluation, and propose using new approaches in combination with maintaining and strengthening measures that have proven effective and sustainable. Of the six \"analytical notes\" included in the guidelines, the section on improving the availability of data on the iodine status of the population may be of greatest interest to readers. According to the authors, the effectiveness of salt iodization programs should be assessed by integrating iodine status surveys into more comprehensive health and nutrition surveys of the population or through sentinel epidemiological monitoring in areas at high risk of iodine deficiency. Collecting urine samples in antenatal clinics during routine visits by pregnant women is likely to be a less resource-intensive approach than representative cross-sectional surveys of iodine status.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 3","pages":"4-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical practice guidelines \"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in children\" with comments].","authors":"I S Chugunov, I V Kopylova, A A Kolodkina, N Yu Kalinchenko, M V Vorontsova, O B Bezlepkina, V A Peterkova, N G Mokrysheva","doi":"10.14341/probl13767","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical practice guidelines for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in children clearly and systematically present the key information on the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic methods for all forms of the disease. Protocols for glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement therapy, as well as follow-up regimens for patients in different age groups, are provided. These clinical guidelines were developed and approved by the expert community of pediatric endocrinologists from the Russian Association of Endocrinologists and endorsed by the council of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health. The guidelines are based on systematic reviews, meta-analyses, original articles, and scientific studies on this pathology conducted in the Russian Federation and other countries. This article provides updated author comments and clarifications on the most critical aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 3","pages":"86-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of epidemiological indicators of parathyroid gland diseases in the Chuvash republic based on registry data].","authors":"G R Aizetullova, I V Sleptsov, V F Osipov, V S Baltrimas, A S Ivanova","doi":"10.14341/probl13663","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Relevance: </strong>Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the most common endocrine diseases characterized by impaired calcium-phosphorus metabolism due to hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone.</p><p><strong>Goal: </strong>Assessment of the epidemiological situation with parathyroid gland diseases in the Chuvash Republic based on data from the All-Russian Registry of Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. To analyze the data of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism in a retrospective cohort study from 2014 to 2025 at the clinical base of the Republican Clinical Hospital for War Veterans of the Ministry of Health of Chuvashia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The data on the Chuvash Republic from the All-Russian Registry of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism are analyzed. In the course of a retrospective cohort study (2014-2025), a cohort of patients registered at the Republican Clinical Hospital for War Veterans of the Ministry of Health of Chuvashia was analyzed. For statistical data processing, a descriptive method was used with the calculation of absolute and relative values (percentages).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that the prevalence of parathyroid gland pathology in the region is 73.4 cases per 100,000 population. Key epidemiological features were identified: a pronounced predominance of women (88.9%) in the older age group, an uneven geographical distribution with a concentration of cases in urbanized areas (Cheboksary, Novocheboksarsk), as well as a significant increase in detection in recent years. The data obtained indicate the influence of both organizational factors (availability of specialized care) and possible environmental risks (imbalance of trace elements in water sources) on the prevalence of pathology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The implemented electronic registry has proven its effectiveness for monitoring morbidity, planning medical care and conducting scientific research, which determines the prospects for its further development to optimize the system of endocrinological care in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 3","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Study].","authors":"K Yu Slaschuk, M V Reinberg, P O Rumyantsev, P A Nikiforovich, A P Konokikhina, A P Pershina-Milyutina, A V Aredov, M S Sheremeta, M V Degtyarev, A A Trukhin, O A Chikulaeva, E V Nagaeva, D N Brovin, R A Chernikov, O B Bezlepkina, V A Peterkova, N G Mokrysheva, I I Dedov","doi":"10.14341/probl13649","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in children is a rare malignancy characterized by a high propensity for regional and distant metastases yet generally associated with a favorable long-term prognosis. Radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) disease represents a distinct clinical challenge, accounting for approximately 10-30% of pediatric DTC cases, and warrants comprehensive investigation of its clinical course, prognostic factors, and therapeutic options. This study aimed to perform an integrated assessment of treatment outcomes in children undergoing combined therapy for DTC (surgery and radioiodine therapy, RAI), with a particular focus on advanced and RAIR disease.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 278 patients aged 5-18 years who underwent primary surgical treatment between 2008 and 2022, followed by one or more courses of RAI at the Endocrinology Research Centre (Moscow, Russia) from December 2015 to March 2024. The study included patients with advanced disease (high risk of recurrence at diagnosis) fulfilling at least one RAIR criterion, with a median follow-up of 48.0 months [21.5; 62.0].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 278 patients, 39 (14%) were diagnosed with advanced disease. Of these, 4 achieved remissions, 29 had stable disease, and 6 experienced biochemical and/or structural progression. Progression-free survival in the RAIR cohort was 85%, while the 5-year overall survival reached 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on study findings, we propose a novel classification system integrating both the baseline ability of metastases to accumulate ¹³¹I and the dynamic response to RAI (progression vs. stabilization). This framework is designed to optimize treatment and follow-up algorithms. The management of RAIR pediatric DTC should remain balanced: avoiding overtreatment in stable disease, while ensuring timely initiation of modern systemic therapies in patients with risk factors for progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 3","pages":"66-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin's disruption of gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetes impairments of the cori and alanine cycles as hidden drivers of metabolic waste accumulation, NF-κBHIF-1α-mediated low-grade inflammation, and multisystem dysfunction.","authors":"Maher Akl, Amr Ahmed","doi":"10.14341/probl13618","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gluconeogenesis, a dual-purpose pathway in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), not only synthesizes glucose but also clears metabolic waste via the Cori cycle (lactate recycling through LDH, PC, PEPCK) and Alanine cycle (nitrogen disposal via ALT, GDH, urea cycle), preventing acidosis, ROS accumulation, and ammonia toxicity. Metformin, the cornerstone T2DM therapy, inhibits gluconeogenesis by targeting mitochondrial complex I, elevating AMP/ATP ratios, and activating AMPK-PKCι/λ signaling to repress CREB-CRTC2-driven PEPCK/G6Pase expression, disrupting these cycles. This leads to lactate, pyruvate, and ammonia buildup, triggering pro-inflammatory cascades: HIF-1α stabilization induces IL-6/VEGF, ROS from pyruvate excess activates NF-κB for TNF-α, and ammonia primes NLRP3 inflammasome for IL-1β/IL-18 release, fostering chronic inflammation. Multisystem consequences include musculoskeletal fatigue from ATP deficits, cognitive fog via neuroinflammation, atherosclerosis from endothelial dysfunction, hepatic fibrosis from urea cycle stress, and immune inflammaging impairing macrophage function. Clinical evidence reveals short-term anti-inflammatory benefits (reduced IL-6, CRP) via AMPK and microbiota effects, contrasted by long-term risks like lactic acidosis and neurodegeneration in renal-impaired or elderly patients. This review integrates physiological roles, molecular mechanisms, inflammatory pathways, systemic impacts, and clinical findings, highlighting metformin's dual-edged profile glycemic efficacy versus \"inflammatory debt.\" Researchers are urged to explore precision interventions, such as antioxidants or biomarker-guided dosing, to optimize metformin's pleiotropic potential in T2DM and inflammaging-related disorders, redefining therapeutic paradigms.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 3","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Case Series of Destructive Thyrotoxicosis Associated with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Misdiagnosed as Graves' Disease: Clinical Patterns, Diagnostic Pitfalls, and Hypothesized Molecular Insights.","authors":"Maher Monir Akl, Amr Ahmed","doi":"10.14341/probl13651","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This descriptive clinical case series analyzes five cases of destructive thyrotoxicosis associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, historically referred to as hashitoxicosis, initially misdiagnosed as Graves' disease, highlighting a persistent diagnostic challenge in autoimmune thyroid disorders. The series includes four published cases reported between 2000 and 2025 and one unpublished case contributed by the authors. The cohort comprised three females and two males, with a mean age of 55.4 years (range: 21-69). Clinical presentations were heterogeneous, most commonly fatigue (80%), palpitations (60%), and weight changes (40%), while two patients exhibited no overt hyperthyroid symptoms.Biochemical evaluation demonstrated suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in all cases (range: &lt;0.000-0.13 µIU/mL), elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies in 80% (range: 41-&gt;1,000 IU/mL), and initially negative thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies (TRAb/TSI) in 60% of patients. Seroconversion to positive TRAb/TSI was observed in two cases during follow-up, suggesting autoimmune overlap rather than definitive disease transition. Imaging findings, including thyroid ultrasonography and radioiodine uptake (RAI) studies, consistently favored destructive thyroiditis over stimulatory hyperthyroidism, with heterogeneous echotexture observed in 75% of assessed cases and low or normal RAI uptake in all evaluated patients.Misdiagnosis occurred in 80% of cases, predominantly due to reliance on suppressed TSH levels without TRAb confirmation, resulting in inappropriate antithyroid drug administration in 80% and accelerated hypothyroidism in 60%. Immunopathological interpretation based on existing literature supports a predominantly Th1-mediated destructive process, in contrast to the Th2-driven antibody-mediated stimulation characteristic of Graves' disease, with rare Th1-to-Th2 immune shifts reported. Clinical outcomes ranged from spontaneous resolution to surgical intervention.This case series underscores the importance of mandatory TRAb testing, adherence to American and European Thyroid Association guidelines, and early specialist referral to reduce iatrogenic harm and improve diagnostic precision in autoimmune thyroid disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 3","pages":"29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Regional features of the main indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in young residents of various climatic and geographical zones of residence].","authors":"Sh K Yusupova, M S Nishanova, K A Yusupov, D S Abdurazakova, V M Mukhamedova, R B Abdulazizhojiyeva, Kh Kh Chartakova, Yu G Juliyeva, M I Khamidova, S Kh Ismoilova, S R Khalilova, Kh Kh Supichakov","doi":"10.14341/probl13659","DOIUrl":"10.14341/probl13659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most common endocrine disorders and plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of carbohydrate metabolism disturbances. Low serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with the development of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, data on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its age-related characteristics in the population of Uzbekistan remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in individuals with prediabetes and newly diagnosed T2DM based on screening data from the city of Andijan and the Markhamat district of the Andijan region, Uzbekistan.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 3,400 individuals over 40 years of age were screened (1,800 in Markhamat district, 1,600 in Andijan city) using the FINDRISC questionnaire. Serum 25(OH)D levels, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism parameters, and HOMA-IR index were assessed in 205 subjects with prediabetes, 102 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, and 60 controls. Prediabetes and T2DM were diagnosed according to WHO criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with prediabetes and T2DM compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05). The most severe deficiency was observed in patients with T2DM, especially among women and individuals aged 45-59 and 60-74 years. In Andijan city, vitamin D deficiency was detected in 100% of T2DM patients, while in Markhamat district the prevalence reached 40.3%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among patients with prediabetes and T2DM, with severity increasing with age and more pronounced in women. These findings highlight the need for routine monitoring of serum 25(OH)D and preventive strategies in high-risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":101419,"journal":{"name":"Problemy endokrinologii","volume":"72 3","pages":"53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}