Urology research & practice最新文献

{"title":"Comparison on Surgical Outcomes of Mini-Versus Standard-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Staghorn Calculi: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Noka Yogahutama, Muhammad Isa Fuad Affan, Alan Primi Ladese, Nicholas Abraham","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2025.24125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has become the standard for managing staghorn calculi. Smaller access sheath Mini-PCNL (M-PCNL) has been known for its advantages in surgical outcomes compared with Standard-PCNL (S-PCNL) in various settings. We conducted this systematic review to compare surgical outcomes and postoperative complications of M-PCNL vs. S-PCNL in staghorn calculi treatment. A systematic search of the literature was performed on PubMed, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement (PRISMA Statement). Five randomized controlled trial (RCT) and 5 cohort studies were included. Risk of bias assessment was evaluated using Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) 2 and Cochrane RoB in Nonrandomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I). Ten studies involving 1733 staghorn calculi patients met the inclusion criteria. The stone-free rate (SFR) was comparable (odds ratio (OR) 1.13, 95% CI: 0.90-1.43, P = .28) compared to S-PCNL. Pooled analysis showed that M-PCNL resulted in a significantly lower shorter operative time (mean differences (MD) 14.06, 95% CI: 6.09-22.03, P < .001), lower blood transfusion (OR 0.46, 95% CI: 0.29-0.72, P < .001), and lower hemoglobin drop (MD !0.37, 95% CI: !0.72 to !0.03, P = .03) compared to S-PCNL. This meta-analysis suggests that while M-PCNL has comparable SFR to S-PCNL, it offers benefits in terms of shorter operative time, reduced blood transfusion needs, and less hemoglobin drop.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 5","pages":"281-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Bladder Microbiota in Female Patients with Overactive Bladder Syndrome.","authors":"Esra Kaya, Tayfun Sahınkanat, Murat Aral","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2025.24040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>With the demonstration that the bladder is not sterile, the relationship between bladder microbiota and urinary system diseases has begun to be investigated. The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome and bladder microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 20 OAB syndrome patients and 20 controls were included in the study. Urine samples were taken with a transurethral catheter. We developed a modified expanded quantitative urine culture method and inoculated them into anaerobic blood culture bottles and thioglycolate medium at the bedside. The MALDI-TOF MS system was used for bacterial identification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five bacteria were identified in the patient group and 30 in the control group. As a result of culture, 16 different genera and 29 different types of bacteria were identified. Staphylococcus (25.7%) was the most common bacterial genus in the patient group, followed by Streptococcus (17.1%) and Lactobacillus (14.3%). Lactobacillus (26.7%) was the most frequently detected bacterial genus in the control group, followed by Streptococcus (13.3%) and Enterococcus (13.3%). The rate of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the patient group (22.9%) was found to be significantly higher than in the control group (0%) (P = .006). In the patient group, Lactobacillus gasseri's incidence (2.9%) was found to be significantly lower than in the control group (20.0%) (P = .042).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows that patients with OAB have a significantly different microbiota compared to the control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 5","pages":"310-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Freehand Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Improves the Detection Rate of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Juan Manuel Bujaldon, Gonzalo Juan Vitagliano, Leandro Blas, Martin Maqueda Vocos, Hernando Rios Pita","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2025.24026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Freehand transperineal prostate biopsy (fTP-Bx) has been established as an alternative within the transperineal approach for prostate cancer (CaP) diagnosis. The primary objective was to compare the rate of overall CaP detection and clinically significant (greater than or equal to International Society of Urological Pathology 2) in patients with biopsy-naive between freehand transperineal prostate biopsy (fTP-Bx) and transperineal grid biopsy (TP-Bx) techniques. The secondary objective was to show the characteristics of the procedure and measure the associated complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of all patients who underwent fTP-Bx (n: 326) and TP-Bx (n: 118) in our department was conducted between October 2020 and May 2023 due to suspected CaP based on elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA), suspicious digital rectal examination, or those under active surveillance protocol. The chisquare test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare categorical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A retrospective review of all patients who underwent fTP-Bx (n: 326) and TP-Bx (n: 118) in our department was conducted between October 2020 and May 2023 due to suspected CaP based on elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA), suspicious digital rectal examination, or those under active surveillance protocol. The chisquare test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare categorical variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Freehand transperineal prostate biopsy achieved a higher rate of clinically significant CaP detection than TP-Bx in biopsy-naive patients, accompanied by a lower number of postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 5","pages":"269-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Skull Metastases of Prostate Cancer at Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Era: PSMA Uptake Characteristics and Oncological Outcomes.","authors":"Baris Esen, Okan Falay, Kayhan Tarim, Hulya Seymen, Mert Kilic, Sevil Bavbek, Yakup Kordan, Mehmet Onur Demirkol, Derya Tilki, Tarik Esen","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2025.24164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake characteristics and the oncological outcomes in patients with skull metastases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The records of 345 serial PSMA positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scans of 96 patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) were evaluated retrospectively. Skull bone metastasis was detected in 18 patients (18/96, 18.7%), with a mean age of 72.4 ± 9.1 years, and in 40 PSMA PET/CT scans (40/345, 11.6%). Involved skull bones, PSMA uptake characteristics, and CT counterparts of metastatic lesions were centrally reviewed. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels at the time of skull metastasis detection and PSMA-detected other metastatic lesions were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients with a skull metastasis showed multiple other metastatic bone lesions, and 6 (33.3%) had visceral metastasis. Seven (38.9%) patients had solitary skull lesions, whereas 11 (61.1%) had multiple skull metastases. Twenty-two out of 37 (59.5%) metastatic lesions had no CT counterpart. The median SUVmax was significantly higher in metastatic lesions with a CT counterpart (median 9.09 vs. 4.63, P = .018). At a median follow-up of 23.4 mo (interquartile range [IQR] 8.7-34.1) after detection of skull metastasis, 5 out of 11 (45.5%) hormone-sensitive and all castration-resistant patients died of PCa. The median survival of patients with castration-resistant disease was 9.92 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority of PSMA-detected skull metastases did not show a CT counterpart, which may explain why skull metastases were rarely detected before the PSMA PET-era. In high-volume metastatic prostatic cancer cases, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging field including the vertex, may enhance the accuracy in detecting tumor extent and metabolic tumor volume.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 5","pages":"275-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Levothyroxine and Testosterone Administration on Bladder Contractility in the Rat Model of Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Didem Yılmaz Oral, Berna Güven Ciloğlu, Serap Gür","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24099","DOIUrl":"10.5152/tud.2025.24099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of testosterone (T) treatment, with or without levothyroxine, the most widely used and least effective medication for managing hypothyroidism, on the functional and histological changes in propylthiouracil (PTU)- induced hypothyroid rat bladders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male rats (n=35) were split into control, hypothyroid, hypothyroid rats treated with levothyroxine (20 µg/kg/day, oral, 2-weeks), hypothyroid rats treated with Sustanon (10 mg/kg,iIM, once/week, 2-weeks), and hypothyroid rats treated with combined treatment groups. Hypothyroidism was induced by PTU (0.05% in drinking water, 6 weeks). The serum concentration of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), total T, and the detrusor muscle's contractile responses were determined. A morphological study was conducted using Masson trichrome staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Triiodothyronine, T4, and T levels were considerably reduced in rats with hypothyroidism; however, these hormones were restored by levothyroxine and Sustanon. Compared to controls, the combination therapy improved the ratio of smooth muscle to collagen and the contractile responses to carbachol, electrical field stimulation, and adenosine triphosphate in the hypothyroid bladder.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The authors' research suggests that hypothyroidism may affect the contractility and morphology of the bladder. In males with hypothyroidism and urogenital system dysfunction, combination therapy with thyroid hormones and T has a major impact on repairing detrusor smooth muscle contractility and bladder histomorphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 4","pages":"247-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Temperature Changes Between Holmium-YAG Laser and Thulium Fiber Laser in an In Vitro Setting.","authors":"Vaibhavkumar Patel, Kshitij Raghuvanshi, Krushnadevsinh Jadeja, Rajeev Chaudhari","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24100","DOIUrl":"10.5152/tud.2025.24100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate and compare the rise in the temperature for the safety of the ureter and kidney parenchyma when firing the holmium laser and the thulium fiber laser (TFL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a laboratory experiment to measure the rise in temperature upon firing holmium laser and a TFL in a 10 cm3 transparent test tube in an outdoor environment and then in a container with normal saline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a 10 cc test tube with static water at 25°C, the rise in temperature with holmium and TFL depends on the firing time, keeping power constant. On continuous firing for 10, 20, and 30 seconds, the temperature rose to 35.1, 42.7, and 53.2°C with holmium. The temperature went up to 38.3, 46.8, and 55.4°C when TFL was used. The power was kept at 10 W for both types of lasers. The temperature rise was relatively low when the test tube was immersed in a water container. It was even lower with irrigation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The rise in the temperature reaches to hazardous level in static water with a firing time of 30 seconds, which is almost equivalent to holmium and TFL. Thus, while using lasers in RIRS and ureteroscopy, the firing time should not exceed 20 seconds and adequate irrigation is required to prevent damage to the tissues. Also, the rise in temperature was almost equivalent to holmium and TFL; hence, TFL can be safely used in laser lithotripsy in any part of the genitourinary (GU) system.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 4","pages":"219-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of St. John's Wort Oil on Urethral Stricture: An Experimental Study in Rat Model.","authors":"Kazım Yelsel, Ergün Alma, Ömer Yüceer, Zeynel Abidin Taş, Berna Totan Ateş, Murat Kobaner, Halil Esimek, Adem Altunkol, Umut Ünal, Ali Ayyıldız","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24068","DOIUrl":"10.5152/tud.2025.24068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim was to evaluate the effect of yellow and red centaury St. John's Wort (St. JW) oil on inflammation and urethral fibrosis development in a rat urethral trauma model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 24 male rats were divided into 5 groups. No urethral damage was induced in the sham group. The urethras of all rats in the other groups was traumatized at 6 o'clock with a specially designed urethrotome blade. Group 1 was administered 0.5 cc of St. JW oil once daily for 15 days. Group 2 was administered 0.5 cc of red centaury oil intraurethrally once daily for 15 days. The traumatized rats in Group 3 were not treated (St. JW and red centaury oil were not administered). St. JW oil was administered to 3 rats in the Sham 1 group (Group 4), and red centaury oil was administered to 3 rats in the Sham 2 group (Group 5). A 20-G/32-mm intravenous cannula sheath was used for intraurethral administration. On the 15th day, rats were sacrificed and penectomy was performed for histologic evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spongiofibrosis, mucosal inflammation, and congestion were significantly decreased in the yellow St. JW oil group when compared with the red centaury oil group and the untreated group (group to which neither St. JW nor red centaury oil was administered).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, intraurethral administration of yellow St. JW oil was found to significantly reduce mucosal inflammation, spongiofibrosis, and obstruction after urethral trauma. According to the results of this study, we think that St. JW oil may be a promising option in the treatment of urethral stricture.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 4","pages":"261-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Renorrhaphy During Renal Mass Excision in Laparoscopic Nephron-Sparing Surgery: A Novel Surgical Technique.","authors":"Nurullah Hamidi, Tuncel Uzel","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24062","DOIUrl":"10.5152/tud.2025.24062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Laparoscopic nephron sparing surgery (NSS) can be performed by mainly 2 methods, offclamp or on-clamp. Continuous bleeding during the off-clamp method may impair the clear visualization of the border between the tumor and parenchyma, even though it is done safely in experienced hands. Therefore, some surgical modifications may be needed during mass excision and renorraphy. In this video brief, we aimed to present a new off-clamp NSS technique and our case series. The difference of this technique from others is that renorrhaphy was performed during mass excision concurrently to reduce the amount of bleeding.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Laparoscopic transperitoneal NSS was performed on a 40-year-old male patient with a lowcomplexity lower pole mass (2.5 × 2 cm) in the right kidney, characterized by a RENAL nephrometry score of 4p. On left lateral decubitus position, after port placement, the ascending colon was medialized and the right ueter was found. The renal pedicle was dissected, and the main renal artery was secured with the vessel loop. After opening Gerota's fascia, the mass was found on the lateral side of lower pole. The excision margin was determined by cautery. A 3-0 V-Loc suture was fixed to the anterior abdominal wall just before mass excision. Along the margin, the renal parenchyma was incised by scissors at a depth of 3-4 mm. Excision continued until there was enough place to pass the suture. Then renorrhaphy was started with the V-Loc suture to reduce bleeding. Suturing continued until reaching to excision limit. Excision continued until serious bleeding occurred. If serious bleeding occurred, suturing was performed again. If there was no bleeding, excision was completed after controlling the tumor base with suturing. Intraperitoneal air pressure was reduced to detect hidden bleeding. Anti-bleeding powder was applied to the excision area. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients who agreed to take part in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total operative and renorraphy time was 85 and 10 minutes, respectively. The bleeding amount was 150 mL. The pathologic report confirmed a 2.5 × 2 × 2 cm clear cell renal cell carcinoma. No major complications were observed during surgery. After 46 months, there is no local recurrence or metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 4","pages":"267-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Kinetics and Protein Profiles of Co-Cultured Adult and Fetus Rabbit Bladder Smooth Muscle Cells.","authors":"Hayrunisa Kahraman Esen, Burcu Biltekin, Mevlit Korkmaz, B Haluk Güvenç","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24120","DOIUrl":"10.5152/tud.2025.24120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bladder tissue models have been developed using smooth muscle cells (SMCs) on various scaffolds to mimic bladder morphology and physiology. This study investigates the effects of co-culturing fetal and adult SMCs on growth properties and protein profiles to understand cellular interactions and population kinetics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bladder tissue samples from 10 adult and 10 fetal New Zealand rabbits were divided into 5 groups: adult SMCs (A), fetal SMCs (F), 50%A+50%F (A+F), 75%A+25%F (3A+F), and 25%A+75%F (A+3F). Population doubling time (PDT) of 3 × 106 cells from each group was measured after 48 and 72 hours. Protein concentrations were estimated by spectrophotometric analysis and analyzed via SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis. Cells exhibited typical SMC morphology, confirmed by positive staining for α-SMA and MYH11.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median cell counts of single cultures were significantly higher than co-cultures (P < .05), but cell viability was comparable (P > .05). Population doubling time at 72 hours for A, F, A+F, 3A+F, and A+3F were 89.4, 92.0, 89.4, 127.9, and 145.0 hours, respectively. Protein concentrations were similar between fetal and adult co-cultures (P > .05). Electrophoresis at 48 hours revealed a unique 80kDa band in adult cells and a 32kDa band in co-cultured cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Co-culturing resulted in increased PDT, altered protein concentrations, and changes in protein profiles, while each cell population maintained its phenotype. Fetal bladder SMCs maintained their morphology and viability when co-cultured with adult SMCs, resulting in a significant limitation in the cumulative proliferation rate. This may be dependent on alterations of protein profiles of adult and fetal SMCs promoted by rearrangements in co-cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 4","pages":"240-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children with Accidental Diagnosis of Unilateral Small Size Kidney.","authors":"Mohsen Mohammadi, Khadijeh Ebrahimi, Soraya Khafri, Maryam Nikpour, Hadi Sorkhi","doi":"10.5152/tud.2025.24060","DOIUrl":"10.5152/tud.2025.24060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A majority of small size kidney in children were diagnosed after a urinary tract infection (UTI) and with high-grade vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). This study was conducted in children who were diagnosed accidentally and investigated for VUR and UTI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal retrospective study was conducted in children with a diagnosis of a small kidney accidentally discovered by ultrasonography and referred to Children's Hospital in Babol, Iran, between 2012-2022. They were investigated by DMSA (dimercapto succinic acid) renoscintigraphy scans. Vesicoureteral reflux was diagnosed by voiding Ccystourethrography (VCUG) or radionuclide cystography (RNC). All children were followed for at least for 1 year with urine culture and urinalysis every 1-2 months for detection of UTI. Significance was set at P less than .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the children with small-size kidneys was 5.52 ± 3.70 years, and 58.1% were boys. Out of the 86 children, 28 (32.6%) were found to have VUR, with approximately 71.4% of them being boys. Breaking down by gender, 40% of boys and 28.6% of girls with small-sized kidneys had VUR. Among the children with and without VUR, 42.9% and 10.3% experienced UTIs, respectively (P=.74). The predominant causative microorganism for UTIs was Escherichia coli (55.6%), with Klebsiella (22.4%) and Enterobacter (22.4%) accounting for the remaining cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Accidental diagnoses of small-size kidneys in children revealed a notable presence of VUR, with a higher prevalence in boys. This suggests that VUR may constitute a significant etiological factor in the development of small-size kidneys. We recommend that these children must be evaluated for VUR.</p>","PeriodicalId":101337,"journal":{"name":"Urology research & practice","volume":"50 4","pages":"230-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}