The Microbe最新文献

{"title":"Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus spp. from Lake Victoria as potential feed supplement in aquaponic production system","authors":"TyNiah Dates ,&nbsp;Loretta Harrison ,&nbsp;Cersey Ochieng Onyango ,&nbsp;Lucy Aketch Wanga ,&nbsp;Oscar Omondi Donde ,&nbsp;Anne Osano ,&nbsp;Joshua Ogendo","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing reliance on antimicrobials in aquaculture to manage fish diseases has contributed to the spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, necessitating alternative solutions. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits, have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance fish health, digestion, and environmental sustainability. However, many probiotic applications in aquaculture utilize terrestrial-derived strains, despite the advantages of host-specific probiotics adapted to aquatic environments. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the probiotic potential of <em>Lactobacillus</em> species from the water, sediments, skin, gills, and intestines of Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) from the Nyanza Gulf of Lake Victoria. Samples were collected from both cage-cultured and free-range fish, and bacterial isolation was conducted using De Man- Rogosa- Sharpe (MRS) agar, followed by morphological and biochemical characterization. The isolates were assessed for probiotic attributes, including acid and salt tolerance, and antimicrobial activity against <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> using the disc diffusion method. Ten <em>Lactobacillus</em> isolates were identified, all exhibiting gram-positive characteristics and catalase negativity. Most isolates showed high acid tolerance, maintaining over 70 % viability at pH 3.0, and demonstrated resilience to high salt concentrations (4.5 % and 6.5 %). Antimicrobial assays revealed that isolate 1 exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects. These findings suggest that <em>Lactobacillus</em> isolates from Nile tilapia possess promising probiotic properties and could serve as effective feed supplements in aquaponics and sustainable aquaculture. Further in vivo studies are recommended to evaluate their efficacy in improving fish health and growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The synergy between Sri Lankan bee honey and silver nanoparticles on pathogenic bacteria","authors":"Kithsiri Senanayake ,&nbsp;Wikum Widuranga Kumbukgolla ,&nbsp;Jayaweera Arachchige Asela Sampath Jayaweera","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of A1-silver-nanoparticles (A1AgNPs) in combination with Sri Lankan bee-honey (SLBH) on medically important Gram-negative and positive bacteria. The A1AgNPs were synthesized following the reduction of silver nitrates by sodium citrate. Using SLBH 20 % (v⁄v) stock solution, a dilution series from 1 % (v⁄v) intervals between 0 % and 10 % were made. The agar plates that contain A1AgNPs and SLBH were separately inoculated using bacterial suspension. Each organism's fractional inhibitory concentration index (ΣFIC) was calculated to assess the synergy. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A1AgNPs for <em>E. coli</em> (6.7 ± 0.48), <em>Shigella dysenteriae</em> (6.66 ± 0.51)<em>, P. vulgaris</em> (7.16 ± 0.4)<em>, P. aeruginosa</em> (7.1 ± 0.33) and <em>Salmonella</em> Typhimurium (7.8 ± 0.83) were given in v/v%. Once the addition of equal volumes of A1AgNPs and SLBH, the spectrum of activity of the A1AgNPs improved from Gram-negative spectrum to Gram-positive, including MRSA (MIC 4.31 ± 0.47). Also, MIC values were further reduced, indicating a synergistic activity between the A1AgNPs and SLBH and <em>E. coli</em>, <em>S. dysenteriae</em>, <em>P. vulgaris</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa,</em> and <em>Salmonella</em> Typhimurium ΣFIC was 0.48, 0.48, 0.48, 0.48, and 0.44, respectively. In the future, SLBH can be used as a base for synthetic A1AgNPs to treat pathogenic bacteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaerobic bacteraemia - identification of Bacteroides and Phocaeicola in blood samples. Challenges in antimicrobial susceptibility testing","authors":"Marta Kierzkowska ,&nbsp;Kinga Markowska ,&nbsp;Jan Kownacki ,&nbsp;Edyta Podsiadły ,&nbsp;Anna Majewska","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this retrospective, single-centre, observational study was to determine the prevalence of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, specifically <em>Bacteroides,</em> and <em>Phocaeicola</em> in blood samples taken from patients with bacteremia, to describe the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of these clinical isolates, and to investigate the presence of resistance genes. <em>Bacteroides fragilis</em> was the most frequently isolated from blood samples, accounting for 64 % of cases. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed different patterns of resistance to antimicrobial agents. Almost all (96 %) strains carried genes associated with resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, in a mechanism related to enzyme production. Phenotypic susceptibility to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and ticarcillin was observed in 92 % and 72 % of the isolates, respectively. All the strains were susceptible to metronidazole, and the <em>nim</em> <!--> gene was not detected. The <em>erm</em> genes were detected in 24 % of the strains, all of which were phenotypically resistant to clindamycin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and characterization of antibiotic resistance genes of Vibrio species from Asata River, Enugu, Southeast Nigeria","authors":"Chizoba A. Ozochi ,&nbsp;Ini-Abasi I. Ibangha ,&nbsp;Sylvester O. Onuora ,&nbsp;Chidiebele E.I. Nwankwo ,&nbsp;Matthew C. Enebe ,&nbsp;Emmanuel C. Adukwu ,&nbsp;Mariana Erasmus ,&nbsp;Vincent N. Chigor","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) <em>Vibrio</em> pathogenic species are associated with high cases of fatalities. This study evaluated the antibiotic resistance in <em>Vibrio</em> species from the Asata River in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. River water samples (72) were collected over a year sampling duration and processed for <em>Vibrio</em> isolation using the sample enrichment procedure. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the isolates were extracted by boiling method and identified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using the <em>Vibrio</em>-<em>genus</em> universal primer and <em>Vibrio</em> species-specific genes: <em>its</em>, <em>tlh</em>, and <em>vvh</em>. Susceptibility to nine commonly prescribed antibiotics was examined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay. Confirmed <em>Vibrio</em> isolates were further screened for the possible presence of seven antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). All isolates were resistant to metronidazole, followed by clarithromycin (84 %), tetracycline (82 %), streptomycin (81 %), doxycycline (75 %) and amoxicillin (69 %). Some isolates were susceptibility to sulphamethoxazole/trimethroprim (55 %) and chloramphenicol (49 %). Approximately 88 % (138/156) of the isolates were MDR, with multiple antibiotic resistance index ranging from 0.33 to 0.99. The ARGs were detected in the order: <em>tet</em>S (7 %), <em>flo</em>R (9 %), <em>sul</em>2 (24 %), <em>dfr</em>18 (25 %), <em>erm</em>B (34 %), <em>dfr</em>A1 (38 %) and <!--> <em>str</em>A (40 %). Approximately, 72 % (112/156) of the <em>Vibrio</em> strains harboured at least one ARG. Screening for <em>Vibrio</em> speciation confirmed, <em>Vibrionaceae</em> (80 %), <em>V. cholerae</em> (54 %), <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> (2 %) and <em>V. vulnificus</em> (2 %). The result indicates that MDR including extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) <em>Vibrio</em> species are present in the Asata River water. Therefore, continuous surveillance and antibiotic resistance stewardship could help combat the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant <em>Vibrio</em> species and safeguard the health of all who depend on Asata River for water needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of bacterial biocontrols in managing finger millet blast disease and promoting growth: A review","authors":"Melkamu Andargie ,&nbsp;Merkuz Abera ,&nbsp;Tesfaye Alemu ,&nbsp;Berhanu Bekele","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Finger millet plays a crucial role as a food crop in Ethiopia; however, its production is considerably threatened by blast disease caused by <em>Magnaporthe grisea</em>. Effective management of the disease is critical to reduce yield losses, and biological control has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional methods. This review examines the potential of biocontrol strategies in the management of finger millet blast while also promoting plant growth. Beneficial microorganisms, including bacterial species like <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, as well as fungal antagonists such as <em>Trichoderma</em> spp., have shown effectiveness in inhibiting <em>Magnaporthe grisea</em> through mechanisms like antibiosis, competition, parasitism, and the induction of systemic resistance. Moreover, these biocontrol agents support plant health by improving growth and resilience. To maximize their potential, more research is necessary to improve the use of biocontrol agents in various environments, including the application of genetically modified microorganisms for the production of secondary metabolites. It is essential to carry out molecular characterization, clarify the mechanisms of biocontrol, and identify the key genes associated with enzyme activity and the generation of bioactive compounds. Furthermore, investigations should focus on their impact on promoting plant growth. Attention must also be directed toward increasing production capacity and the commercialization of microbial biopesticides. Progress in these fields is crucial for the creation of sustainable and effective disease management strategies in finger millet farming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical diversity and correlation analysis of volatiles from Citrus peels: Evaluation of toxicity, antioxidant and microbial inhibition efficacy","authors":"Amala Dev A.R,&nbsp;Sonia Mol Joseph","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peel essential oils from selected <em>Citrus</em> species viz., <em>C. aurantifolia</em>, <em>C. limon</em>, <em>C. maxima</em>, <em>C. medica</em> and <em>C. medica*C. limon</em> (hybrid) were analysed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionisation Detector (GC/FID) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric (GC/MS) methods. Volatile constituents of these oils were further assessed for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (<span><math><mrow><mn>60.8</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.20</mn></mrow></math></span>%to <span><math><mrow><mn>88.6</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.09</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>) are the major volatile category present in the selected essential oils. D-limonene, a monoterpene hydrocarbon was the key component in the analysed <em>Citrus</em> peels <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>31.9</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.51</mn></mrow></math></span>% to <span><math><mrow><mn>85.6</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.60</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between various volatile constituents and interrelationship between the five <em>Citrus</em> peels. The selected essential oils were initially screened for their antioxidant potential by DPPH free radical scavenging and the results showed promising radical scavenging potential with an IC₅₀ magnitude of<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mn>41.8</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.19</mn><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>μg/mL. Antimicrobial assays showed that <em>Citrus</em> peel volatile oils shown significant activity against various pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains conducted<em>.</em> MIC values ranged from <span><math><mrow><mn>7.5</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.01</mn><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>to <span><math><mrow><mn>55.5</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.24</mn><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>mg/mL for gram-negative bacteria and<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mn>5.6</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.02</mn></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>25.3</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.03</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>mg</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>mL</mi></mrow></math></span> for gram-positive bacteria. A significant antifungal activity of <em>Citrus</em> peel essential oils was observed against <em>Aspergillus niger</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em>, with a minimum inhibitory concentration from <span><math><mrow><mn>5.3</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.04</mn></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>30.4</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.02</mn><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>mg/mL. Significant antimicrobial and antioxidant effect of these peel essential oils was attributed mainly due to the synergistic potential of monoterpenoid volatiles present in the oils viz. D-limonene, <em>γ</em>-terpineol, neral, geranial, geraniol and citronellal. Results pointed out the low toxicity, high antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from selected <em>Citrus</em> variants have the potential to treat oxidative damage and microbial infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecofriendly and cost effective Plastic degradation by microorganisms","authors":"Mohsen A. Sayed ,&nbsp;Ahmed K. Gad ,&nbsp;Esraa M. Kandil ,&nbsp;Eyad H. Hamed ,&nbsp;Gehad S. Megahed ,&nbsp;Mirna A. Elwardany ,&nbsp;Mirna M. Mikhaeil ,&nbsp;Yara Y. Abdel-Moneim","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The world is currently grappling with a complex and pervasive issue: the escalating crisis of plastic waste. This crisis presents numerous dimensions that encompass social, technical, and economic challenges, making it an intricate problem to solve. Over the past decades, several corporations have emerged, seeking to utilize innovative processes aimed at tackling this crisis. These approaches encompass diverse methods such as converting plastics back into their monomeric form, with the hope of replacing fossil fuels as the primary feedstock for new materials. Plastics are extremely durable because of their synthetic nature. They are resistant to degradation by natural processes, so they accumulate in the environment. Microorganisms play multifunctional role in human life. They play a significant role in environmental maintenance. Bacteria and fungi are adapted for the role in the management of wastes. Useful compost or organic fertilizers can be produced and used for organic farming. We isolated seven fungal species which were: <em>Aspergillus oryzea</em>, <em>A. flavus</em>, <em>A. fumigatus</em>, <em>A. niger</em>, <em>A. awamori</em>, <em>A. tubingensis</em> and <em>A. carbonarius.</em> Five bacterial species were isolated from different plastic wastes (High-density, Low-density polyethylene and Polyethylene terephthalate): <em>Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis, Micrococcus luteus</em> and <em>Priestia flexa.</em> Bacteria were incubated on nutrient agar medium at 30 °C for 2 days. Fungi were incubated on Sabouraud dextrose agar medium at 25 °C for 5 days. For degradation of plastic, liquid Minimal Salt Medium (MSM) was used for bacteria and Dox medium was used for fungi. Two g of plastic were used as sole carbon source per 100 mL medium. The remaining dry weight of plastic was measured in triplicates. The total protein concentration (µg/100 µL) was measured by Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) assay. Due to the increasing issue of plastics, biodegradation has been enhanced by including a combination of microorganisms and man-made physical and chemical factors this has shown a higher rate of degradation for approximately two months at 37 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virulence and resistance mechanisms of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Insights into biofilm formation and cytotoxicity","authors":"V. Samyuktha ,&nbsp;C.R. Pauline ,&nbsp;G. Ragul ,&nbsp;P. Sivaperumal ,&nbsp;K. Kamala","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbapenem drugs have the potential to prevent disease caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This beta-lactam family drug prevents the cell wall biosynthesis of pathogens, but the pathogen hydrolyzes it using the enzymes carbapenemase and beta-lactamase. In this study, we analyzed the biochemical characterization, biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, and biofilm-forming ability of carbapenemase-producing <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> under various conditions. The Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria showed positive results in the methyl red and citrate tests, and lactose fermentation in sugar tests; other biochemical characteristics identified the isolate as <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae.</em> The well developed biofilm has developed after five days (120 hours) of incubation at ambient temperature (35 C^°). The hemolytic activity has shown 100 % cell lysis at 1 mg/mL (1000μg/mL) which retained the toxicity after sterilization indicates the virulence of pathogen. The viability of pathogens under thermal stress has revealed substantial survival at 100°C. The growth declined at 150°C, and the cells death at 200°C and above. Antibiofilm assay using carbapenemase at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL resulted in the reduction of cell density, and the biofilm has a layer of live active cells marked by acridine orange. It showed the stress adaptation, higher level of tolerance, and cytotoxicity of the carbapenemase-producing pathogen <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>. Overall, it can cause difficult challenges in medical and clinical practices and treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic analysis of virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and capsular polysaccharide locus of group B Streptococcus isolated from Indonesia","authors":"Yustinus Maladan ,&nbsp;Ratna Fathma Sari ,&nbsp;Rosantia Sarassari ,&nbsp;Sarah Azhari Balqis ,&nbsp;Ghina Athyah Wahid ,&nbsp;Waode Fifin Ervina ,&nbsp;Nina Dwi Putri ,&nbsp;Dodi Safari","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of most common pathogen infecting neonates. This study aims to analyze the genomic characteristics of GBS, including antibiotic resistance genes, virulence genes, and the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) locus, in isolates from Indonesia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Genomic DNA was extracted from 18 archived GBS isolated from colonized pregnant women in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2015–2020, and library preparation was performed using the TruSeq DNA Nano® kit. Genome sequencing was conducted using Illumina platform. Raw sequencing data were analyzed through <em>de novo</em> assembly using the ASA³P pipeline and annotation was performed on the Microscope server. Circular genome visualization was generated with the Blast Ring Image Generator (BRIG). Serotyping was conducted using the GBS typer pipeline.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Among the eighteen isolates, we identified seven serotype II isolates, three serotype Ia isolates, three serotype IV isolates, two serotype VI isolates, one serotype Ib isolate, one serotype III isolate, and one non-typeable (NT) isolate. The NT isolate, M167, clustered with serotype II but lacked specific genes such as <em>cpsG, cpsH,</em> and <em>cpsI</em>. Sequence type (ST) identified ST1 as the most prevalent ST (n = 10), followed by ST196 (n = 3), ST23 (n = 2), ST24 (n = 1), and ST17 (n = 1). ST1 (serotype II) were grouped into CC1, ST23 to CC23, ST24 to CC452, ST196 (serotype IV) to CC459, and ST17 (serotype III) to CC17. A total of 15 isolates carried the <em>tetM</em> gene, while three isolates carried the <em>ermB</em> gene. Most virulence genes were shared among all isolates. However, the <em>fbsB</em> virulence gene was only present in serotype Ia and serotype III, which are known to exhibit higher levels of virulence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Serotype II was the most frequently identified and resistance to tetracycline and macrolides was the most detected among GBS isolates. Genomic data from Indonesian GBS isolates provide insights into virulence and antibiotic resistance genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different storage conditions affect microbial profiles in samples of chicken caecal chyme and lung","authors":"Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Minjuan Rui ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiajun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study has evaluated the effect of storage temperature on microbial composition to provide a suitable preparation method for clinical samples. In this study, fresh chicken pulmonary and caecal samples were harvested and set as the control, after which they were stored at different temperatures: −20℃, −80℃, or −196℃ for 7 days. The total ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid content of the samples was extracted and sequenced to compare differences in microbial composition. At the phylum level, the abundances of <em>Campilobacteria</em> stored at −80°C and −196℃ were lower than in the control and at −20℃. The richness of <em>Proteobacteria</em> in the samples at −20℃ and −80℃ was increased than those in the control. At the genus level, <em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Rikenellaceas</em>_<em>RC9</em>, <em>Clostrida</em>_<em>vadinBB60</em>, norank_f_norank _o_<em>rhodospirllales</em>, and norank_ f_ <em>Barnesiellaceae</em> accounted for the largest proportion. The abundances of <em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Helicobacter</em> and <em>Clostridia</em>_<em>vadinBB60</em> were reduced at −20℃ and −80℃ compared with the control. For the caecal samples, the number of OTUs in control was higher than those stored at −196℃, whereas no difference was observed between the fresh samples and those stored at −20℃ and −80℃. At the phylum level, the abundance of <em>Proteobacteria</em> and unclassified_k_norank_d_<em>bacteria</em> increased in the treated samples compared to the control, whereas the diversity of <em>Firmicute</em> and <em>Bacteroidota</em> was reduced compared with that in the control. Especially, the <em>Cyanobacteria</em>, <em>Campilobacterota</em>, and <em>Synergistota</em> phyla at −80℃ and −196℃ were further reduced than those of the control and at −20℃. At the genus level, <em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Lactobacillus</em>, <em>Megasphaera</em>, norank_f_<em>ruminococcaceae</em>, <em>Helicobacter</em>, and norank_f_ norank_o_<em>Gastranaerophilales</em> were more abundant in the control samples than in the treated samples. However, the richness of unclassified_k_norank_d_<em>bacteria</em>, <em>Sphingomonas</em> and norank_f_ norank_o_<em>SJA－15</em> were higher in all of the treated samples than in the control. The pulmonary and caecal samples stored at −80℃ and −196℃ had reduced the bacterial diversities compared with those in the control and at −20℃ as suggested by the linear discriminant analysis. In conclusion, samples of the lung and caecal chyme stored at −20℃ for 7 days can promote the colonisation of microbiota, leading to inaccurate sequencing data. Samples stored at −80℃ and −196℃can decrease the abundance of the microbial composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}