The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Attenuation by boron supplementation of the biochemical changes associated with thioacetamide-induced hepatic lesions","authors":"Shakir Ali, G. Diwakar, Sonica Pawa, M.R. Siddiqui, S.K. Jain, M Abdulla","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10000","url":null,"abstract":"Acute hepatic failure is a severe complication induced by certain chemicals, drugs, or virus. Thioacetamide generally has been used for the study of hepatic failure in experimental animal model. The present study was aimed at to examine the role of boron in the pathogenesis of acute hepatic failure in rats. A single intraperitoneal injection of thioacetamide produced severe liver injury, as manifested by elevation in serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, and hepatic lipid peroxidation. Boron, when administered in the form of boric acid for three consecutive days followed by thioace-tamide, attenuated thioacetamide-mediated changes in the level of these biochemical parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of boron supplementation on the survival rates of rats treated with a lethal dose of thioacetamide was also determined and found to lower the mortality rates in the group of animals supplemented with boron followed by thioacetmide. The effects on biochemical parameters and the survival rates were dependent on the dose of boron administered as boric acid. It is concluded that boron provides protection against the thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic failure in rats in a dose-dependent manner. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15: 47–55, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":"47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72362073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal dietary concentrations of vitamin C and chromium for alleviating the effect of low ambient temperature on serum insulin, corticosterone, and some blood metabolites in laying hens","authors":"K. Şahin, M. Önderci","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10014","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) and chromium (chromium picolinate, CrPic) on serum insulin, corticosterone, and some metabolites in laying hens (Hy-Line) reared under a low ambient temperature (6.2°C). One hundred eighty laying hens (32 weeks old) were divided into six groups, with 30 hens per group. The experiment was designed in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement using two levels of vitamin C (125 and 250 mg/kg of diet) and three levels of CrPic (200, 400, or 800 μg/kg of diet). The highest values for insulin, total protein, and albumin (P = 0.001) and the lowest values for corticosterone, glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol (P = 0.001) were obtained when 250 mg of vitamin C was included with either 400 or 800 μg Cr per kg of diet. Interaction between vitamin C and chromium was detected for only insulin (P = 0.03). Serum activities of SGOT and SGPT were not influenced by dietary vitamin C or chromium (P > 0.45); however, serum activity of AP increased (P = 0.001). Increasing both dietary vitamin C and chromium caused an increase in serum concentrations of Ca, P, and K (P = 0.001) but a decrease in serum concentrations of Na (P = 0.001). The results of the present study suggest that dietary supplements of vitamin C and chromium alter serum hormone and metabolite status of laying hens and that supplementing a combination of vitamin C (250 mg/kg of diet) and chromium (400 or 800 μg Cr/kg of diet) can positively influence the performance of laying hens reared under low ambient temperature. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15:153–161, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 3","pages":"153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72314031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc in liver disease","authors":"K. Grüngreiff","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10002","url":null,"abstract":"The essentiality of zinc for humans was first documented by Prasad in the 1960s. During the past 35 years, zinc deficiency in humans a result of nutritional factors and several disease states has been recognized. Many of the clinical features of liver cirrhosis have been linked to zinc deficiency, including loss of body hair, testicular atrophy, poor appetite, immune dysfunction, altered taste and smell, reduced vitamin A and thyroid hormone metabolism, altered protein metabolism, delayed wound healing, and diminished drug elimination capacity. One of the most interesting and novel aspects concerning the presumable role of zinc deficiency in producing clinical features of liver cirrhosis is the possible relationship between zinc and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Long-term zinc supplementation in patients with HE improves neurological symptoms and metabolic parameters. In Wilson's disease, an inherited defect of hepatic copper, zinc is used for maintenance as well as treating presymptomatic, pregnant, and pediatric patients. Zinc may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C. This work is an attempt to review the information available in this field to understand the important role that zinc plays in the pathogenesis and therapy of several liver diseases. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15:67–78, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":"67-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72320659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on serum and tissue mineral contents of laying Japanese quails","authors":"Kazim Şahin, Nurhan Şahin, Osman Küçük","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10013","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium (chromium picolinate, CrPic) on serum and tissue concentrations of Cr, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mg of laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). One hundred fifty laying Japanese quails (45 days old) were divided into five groups, 30 quails per group. The laying quails were fed either the control diet containing 1,285.96 μg of Cr/kg of diet or the control diet supplemented with 200, 400, 800, or 1,200 μg of Cr/kg of diet. Increasing dietary chromium supplementation linearly increased serum chromium and zinc concentrations (P = 0.01) but linearly decreased (P = 0.01) copper serum concentrations. Serum iron and magnesium concentrations did not change (P > 0.10) as dietary chromium supplementation increased. Similar response to Cr supplementation was also observed in tissue mineral concentrations. Liver, longissimus muscle, and kidney chromium and zinc concentrations linearly increased (P = 0.01), whereas copper concentrations linearly decreased (P = 0.01) as dietary chromium supplementation increased. Also, liver, longissimus muscle, and kidney iron and magnesium concentrations did not change (P > 0.10) as dietary chromium supplementation increased. The results of present study conclude that supplemental chromium to the diet of Japanese quails influences serum and tissue Cr, Zn, and Cu concentrations, thus most probably functions of the organs as well as the welfare of Japanese quails. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15:163–169, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 3","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72314030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothalamic digoxin and hypomagnesemia in relation to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis","authors":"Ravi Kumar Kurup, Parameswara Achutha Kurup","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10017","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the isoprenoid pathway-related biochemical cascade in multiple sclerosis, and in this work we discuss the pivotal role of hypothalamic digoxin and membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibition in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Our results showed that there was an elevation in plasma HMG CoA reductase activity, serum digoxin, and dolichol levels and a reduction in red blood cell (RBC) membrane sodium potassium ATPase activity, serum ubiquinone, and magnesium levels. Serum tryptophan, serotonin, strychnine, nicotine, and quinolinic acid were elevated whereas tyrosine, dopamine, morphine, and noradrenaline were decreased. The total serum glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, heparin, and heparan sulphate were elevated and levels of chondroitin sulphates and dermatan sulphate were reduced in multiple sclerosis. The serum glycolipids as well as the hexose, fucose, and sialic acid carbohydrate residues of serum glycoproteins were elevated. The activity of glycosaminoglycan degrading enzymes was elevated. The activity of glycohydrolases—beta galactosidase and beta fucosidase—were increased and beta glucosidase reduced in the serum. The RBC membrane glycosaminoglycan, the hexose and fucose carbohydrate residues of glycoproteins, and the cholesterol:phospholipid ratio of the RBC membrane were decreased in multiple sclerosis. Membrane Na+-K+ ATPase inhibition-related increased intracellular calcium can produce immune activation via the calcineurin signal transduction system in T cells. Digoxin-induced altered glycoconjugate metabolism can change the structural integrity of myelin as well as result in immune dysregulation caused by defective presentation of myelin glycoprotein antigens to CD8 cells. Digoxin-induced defective membrane formation of oligodendrocyte membrane can inhibit remyelination. Digoxin-related mitochondrial dysfunction can contribute to free radical generation, microglial activation, and oligodendrocyte apoptosis that are important in demyelination. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15:211–220, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72324756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace element levels in the experimental peritonitis","authors":"Dildar Konukoğlu, Meltem Ercan, Erkal Ziylan","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10006","url":null,"abstract":"Electron transfer from iron or copper ions to oxygen is an important example of cellular free radical initiation. Oxygen-derived free radicals have been implicated as mediators of cellular injury in several model systems. To evaluate the importance of iron, copper, and zinc levels on lipid peroxidation in peritonitis, we measured peritoneum malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of lipid peroxidation, zinc, copper, and iron levels during an animal model of intraperitoneal sepsis. Additionally, the effects of free radical scavenger alpha-tocopherol administration were studied. The peritoneum MDA, iron, copper, and zinc levels were increased after induction of peritonitis with Escherichia coli. The treatment with alpha-tocopherol decreased peritoneum MDA, iron, and copper levels significantly but not the zinc levels. Additionally, the treatment with alpha-tocopherol 3 days prior to injection of E. coli decreased MDA, copper, and iron levels more than treatment with alpha-tocopherol at the time of injection of E. coli. Our results indicate that copper, iron, and zinc have important effects on peroxidation events in E. coli-induced peritonitis and that alpha-tocopherol treatment can improve the oxidant status. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15:79–84, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72331912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothalamic digoxin and hypomagnesemia in human pre-eclampsic toxemia, cortical venous thrombosis, and postpartum psychosis","authors":"Ravi Kumar Kurup, Parameswara Achutha Kurup","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10015","url":null,"abstract":"The isoprenoid pathway produces three key metabolites—digoxin (membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitor and regulator of neurotransmitter transport), dolichol (regulates N-glycosylation of proteins), and ubiquinone (free radical scavenger). The pathway was assessed in patients with pre-eclampsic toxaemia, cortical venous thrombosis, and postpartum psychosis. It was also studied for comparison in patients with right hemispheric, left hemispheric, and bihemispheric dominance. The results of the study showed that the isoprenoid pathway was upregulated with increased digoxin synthesis in all the three groups of patients. There was also a reduction in red blood cell (RBC) membrane Na+–K+ ATPase activity and serum magnesium levels. There was an increase in serum tryptophan catabolites and reduction in tyrosine catabolites. The serum dolichol and glycoconjugate levels were increased and lysosomal stability reduced with increased plasma lysosomal enzymes in all the three groups. The serum ubiquinone levels were low, and RBC free radical parameters increased. The RBC membrane cholesterol: phospholipid ratio was increased, and glycoconjugate was reduced in the membrane of these patients. This pattern correlated with those in right hemispheric dominance. The isoprenoid pathway and hypothalamic digoxin may thus play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CVT, PET, and postpartum psychosis. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15:171–190 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"171-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72324754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low levels of selenium in miscarriage","authors":"Müzehher Güvenç, Hüseyin Güven, Fikret Karataş, A. Denizmen Aygün, Sırrı Bektaş","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10004","url":null,"abstract":"Few data are presented in the literature about selenium and miscarriage. The aim of this article was to study the relationship between the selenium status of pregnant women and miscarriage. A randomized, controlled trial was performed in Elazig State Hospital and Firat University Hospital. Serum and hair samples were obtained from 20 non-pregnant women, 32 healthy mothers with normal newborns, and 16 women who miscarried. Serum selenium levels, as ng/mL, and hair selenium levels, as ng/g, were determined on a Perkin–Elmer 1000 spectrophotometer by fluorometry. The mean serum and hair selenium concentrations of the women who miscarried (42.8 ± 2.7 ng/mL, 276 ± 6.6 ng/g, respectively) were significantly lower than those of the control healthy mothers (50.2 ± 2.3 ng/mL, 300 ± 6.1 ng/g, respectively) and the non-pregnant women (58.1 ± 3.1 ng/mL, 315 ± 7.6 ng/g, respectively). Maternal selenium deficiency during early gestation was thought to be one of the factors responsible in the pathogenesis of miscarriage. More studies on maternal selenium status during pregnancy are needed. J. Trace Elem. Med. 15:97–101, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":"97-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72331913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace elements content in serum, normal skin, and scar tissues of keloid and normal scar patients","authors":"Rameshwar L. Bang,&nbsp;Abdul Latif Al-Bader,&nbsp;Prem N Sharma,&nbsp;Alice Babu Mattapallil,&nbsp;Abdulla I. Behbehani,&nbsp;Hussein Dashti","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10001","url":null,"abstract":"Wound healing is a normal physiological process that occurs after injury. Scars are usually formed, and the nature of the scar depends on the balance between the formed and degraded collagen during healing. A balanced production and degradation of collagen in wound healing results in the formation of a normal scar whereas an imbalance produces what is known as keloid scar. The factors that cause an imbalance are not well identified, although many factors, such as immunity, genetic, ischaemia, hormonal, growth, and nutritional factors, are blamed. This study was undertaken to investigate trace elements level in the serum, normal skin, and scar tissue of patients with normal and keloid scars. Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), and manganese (Mn) levels were estimated in 100 (50 with normal scars and the others with keloids) patients. The serum level of Zn was found to be higher in keloid scar patients, and this increase was highly significant (P < 0.0001). The level of Cu was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in the normal skin and scar tissues of keloid patients. Trace element levels in scar tissues were observed to be lower in comparison to normal skin trace element content in both groups. The significant changes of Zn in serum and Cu in skin and scar tissues of keloid patients as noted in this study may suggest their role in the regulation of behavior of scar formation in wound healing. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15:57–66, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72362082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminum inhibition of microglial function in vitro","authors":"Bei Ping He,&nbsp;Michael J. Strong","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10012","url":null,"abstract":"We have previously observed in vivo that chronic AlCl3 exposure in young adult New Zealand white rabbits induces a reversible motor neuron degeneration. In addition to the development of neurofilamentous aggregates within degenerating neurons, we have also observed a reduction of microglial number and activation. To determine if aluminum could directly effect microglial function in vivo, we used an immortalized murine microglial cell line (BV-2) to study the effect of organic (aluminum lactate) and inorganic (AlCl3) compounds on microglial function. We have observed a dose-dependent inhibition of phagocytosis, proliferation, migration, and release of TNF-α and nitric oxide in the absence of inducing microglial death. Both organic and inorganic aluminum decreased the extent of LPS-activated microglia-mediated death of a motor neuron hybridoma cell line (NSC 34). These findings demonstrate that aluminum compounds can directly affect microglial in vitro. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 15:141–152, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"15 3","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72314028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}