The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Oxidant/Antioxidant status in relation to thyroid hormone metabolism in selenium- and/or iodine-deficient rats","authors":"Belma Giray, Jacqueline Riondel, Marie-Jean Richard, Alain Favier, Filiz Hıncal","doi":"10.1002/jtra.20001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.20001","url":null,"abstract":"Iodine and selenium are essential components of normal thyroid hormone metabolism and are involved in the modulation of antioxidant defense system. This study was designed to evaluate the extent of peroxidation of lipids and activities of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) in various tissues of iodine- and/or selenium-deficient rats in relation to thyroid hormone metabolism. Iodine deficiency caused marked enhancements in glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities in thyroid but did not cause lipid peroxidation (LP), indicating the occurrence of an adaptive response that protected the gland against oxidative stress induced by high levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Except significant reduction in CAT activity in liver and kidney and an enhancement of SOD in kidney, iodine deficiency did not cause any other alterations in other tissues. Selenium deficiency and combined iodine and selenium deficiency caused significant alterations in AOE activities in all tissues and caused significantly high levels of LP in thyroid, liver, brain, and plasma, but not in kidney. Alterations in selenium-involved deficiencies appeared to be mainly caused by substantial losses of GSHPx activity; however, compensatory changes in SOD and CAT activities were also observed. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:109–121, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 2","pages":"109-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.20001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72316862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory effect of tannic acid on iron–dextran-augmented and 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene-initiated skin carcinogenesis","authors":"Hossein Babaei, Ali Reza Mohajjel Nayebi, Hassan Rezazadeh, Mohamed Abdulla","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10049","url":null,"abstract":"Tannic acid (TA) is naturally occurring polyphenol present in fruits and vegetables. In this study we report that TA inhibits the carcinogenic effect of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in normal and iron-overloaded mice skin. Albino Swiss mice were given iron–dextran and pretreated with a single topical application of tannic acid; after 1 h, tumors were initiated by multiple topically application of DMBA. Appearance, number, and percent tumor incidence were recorded. When compared with the control group, the pretreated groups showed a significantly higher inhibition of tumor incidence. The induction of [3H]thymidine incorporation in cutaneous DNA and lipid peroxidation was inhibited in TA-pertreated animals as compared with the normal control group. Based on this study, we propose that TA significantly inhibits the augmentation potential of iron–dextran. A depletion in lipid peroxidation levels in TA-pretreated groups indicates that excessive generated oxidants in the mice skin tissues may be quenched by TA and because of the chelation of redox active iron and its faster elimination from the body. In conclusion, our data suggest that TA may be an effective chemopreventive agent and may offer protection against iron mediated skin cancer. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:21–29, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72359522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lead intoxication: Histological and oxidative damage in rat cerebrum and cerebellum","authors":"Pardeep Sidhu, Bimla Nehru","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10052","url":null,"abstract":"The present experiment was designed to study the neurotoxic consequences of lead exposure on antioxidant enzymes like glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, super oxide dismustase, and catalase along with structural changes both in cerebrum as well as cerebellum. Lead was administrated orally in the doses of 50 mg/kg for a period of 8 weeks and study was performed at the end of exposure. Decrease in the concentration of all the antioxidant enzymes was observed, and after lead treatment, transverse sections of cerebrum showed degeneration of neurons. Disruption of normal arrangement of cell layers was seen. Cells were bigger in size with large vascular spaces around them. Lead treatment for 8 weeks also was enough to disrupt the normal arrangement of cellular layer of cerebellum. Large spaces in between purkinje cell layer and granular layer were seen. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:45–53, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"45-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72359521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of melatonin treatment on liver and thymus zinc levels in young and middle-aged rats","authors":"Güler Öztürk, K. Gonca Akbulut, Lale Afrasyap, Deniz Sevinç","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10055","url":null,"abstract":"Melatonin (MEL) is the main neurohormone of the pineal gland. Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element that is required as a catalytic component for more than 200 enzymes. Both MEL and Zn are considered beneficial for anti-immunosenescence. Recent findings have shown that MEL can modulate Zn turnover. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of MEL treatment on the tissue Zn levels in young (4 months) and middle-aged (14 months) rats. Male wistar rats received during 3 weeks subcutaneous injection of MEL (10 mg/kg). After 3 weeks, rats were decapitated and tissue samples were collected. Zn levels were measured by spectrophotometric assay. In conclusion, MEL decreased liver Zn levels both in young and middle-aged rats. In addition, Zn levels in young control group were significantly higher than middle-aged control group. However, MEL treatment increased thymus Zn levels in middle-aged group compared with the control. These findings indicate that tissue Zn levels are significantly affected by MEL treatment. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:7580,","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72359526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary silicon affects bone turnover differently in ovariectomized and sham-operated growing rats†‡§¶","authors":"Forrest H. Nielsen, Rhonda Poellot","doi":"10.1002/jtra.20004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.20004","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was performed to test the hypothesis that low dietary silicon affects blood, bone, and urine indices associated with bone formation and breakdown, bone strength and physical characteristics, and the circulating amount of an extracellular matrix protein (osteopontin) involved in bone cell adhesion and activation. A second objective was to ascertain whether ovariectomy (estrogen deficiency) alters the effects of low dietary silicon on bone formation. Female rats weighing about 56 g were assigned to groups of 10 in a factorially arranged experiment. The variables were supplemental dietary silicon at 0 or 35 mg/kg and ovariectomy (estrogen-deficient) or sham operation at the start of the experiment. The basal silicon-low diet contained about 2 mg Si/kg. Low dietary silicon compared with adequate silicon decreased plasma osteopontin concentration, increased plasma sialic acid concentration, and increased urinary helical peptide excretion. Low dietary silicon also affected the response to estrogen deficiency. Ovariectomy increased plasma alkaline phosphatase in the silicon-supplemented, but not in the silicon-low rats. In contrast, ovariectomy decreased liver ornithine aminotransferase in silicon-low but not in silicon-supplemented rats. Ovariectomy increased the urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline and decreased the femur concentration of sialic acid more markedly in silicon-supplemented than silicon-low rats. Silicon and an interaction between silicon and ovariectomy only mildly changed bone strength and physical measurements and did not affect femur calcium concentration. The findings suggest that silicon has a biochemical function that affects bone growth processes before bone crystal formation by affecting bone collagen turnover and sialic acid-containing extracellular matrix proteins such as osteopontin. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:137–149, 2004. Published 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 3","pages":"137-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.20004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72360192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropeptide Y alters stress-induced changes in trace element concentrations of brain in chronically immobilized rats","authors":"Yunus Karakoc, Sibel Turhan, Ejder Akgun Yildirim, Murat Mengi, Ertan Yurdakos, U. Bora Barutcu","doi":"10.1002/jtra.20011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.20011","url":null,"abstract":"Central administration of neuropeptide Y (NPY) produces anxiolytic-like behavioral responses in the conflict test, elevated plus maze, fear-potentiated startle paradigm, and in the chronic immobilization stress. Exogenously administrated NPY also protects against the anxiogenic effects of corticotropin-releasing factor. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of centrally administered NPY on the trace element disturbances in brain tissues (frontal and temporal lobes and brain stem) and the other major organs including liver, spleen (zinc [Zn]-, copper [Cu]-, and iron-rich tissues), kidney, and stomach in chronically immobilized rats. The immobilization stress was performed in special cages in which the animals were not able to move. The rats in chronic stress and chronic stress + NPY groups were kept in the cages daily for 7 min for 15 consecutive days. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) cannulas were placed to the right lateral ventricles of the rats by using stereotaxic method. In the control and chronic stress groups, 5 μL of saline (NaCl 0.9%), and in the chronic stress + NPY group, 8 μg NPY/5 μL saline solutions, were administered into the brain via ICV cannula, respectively. Controls and immobilized rats were decapitated 30 min after the injections were over and samples of tissue were taken. Zn, Cu, and iron levels of the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, brain stem, liver, spleen, kidney, and stomach were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Zn and Cu levels were significantly increased in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and brain stem in response to chronic immobilization stress daily for 7 min for 15 consecutive days. The administration of NPY inhibited the elevation of Zn in these three parts of brain but did not affect the elevation of Cu in the frontal lobe and brain stem. Increases in Zn and Cu levels of frontal, temporal lobes, and brain stem may be related to induction of MT-I mRNA expression by chronic immobilization stress, and NPY may affect this induction of MT-I, altering corticotropin-releasing factor release in the stress conditions. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:283–290, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 4","pages":"283-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.20011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72333318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible role of trace elements in the hypoglycemic effect of plants extract in diabetic rats","authors":"F.M. Al-Awadi, J.T. Anim, T.S. Srikumar, Mona Al-Rustom","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10048","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is designed to investigate the possible role of zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium on the hypoglycemic action of a plants mixture and alfalfa using a diabetic rat model. Diabetes was induced in male Wister rats using streptozotocin and confirmed by estimation of glucose levels in blood and urine and further by histologic examination of the pancreas. The animals were treated with the plants mixture and alfalfa extracts orally by gastric intubation for 7 days. Untreated normal and diabetic rats were included as controls. After evaluating glucose tolerance, animals were sacrificed and organs harvested for trace element analysis and histopathological study. The concentration of zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium in plasma, liver, and pancreas of diabetic rats was significantly lower than those of nondiabetic controls. Treatment of diabetic rats with plants mixture and alfalfa significantly decreased the blood glucose concentration but increased the levels of zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium in plasma, liver, and pancreas. Similar changes occurred in the nondiabetic normal control animals treated with the same products. Histological and immunohistochemical examination also confirmed the presence of more β-cells in the islets of treated diabetic animals compared with untreated diabetic controls. There was no histological evidence of damage to the liver of either diabetic or normal control animals treated with the plants extract. The present study indicated that treatment of diabetes with naturally available plants mixture appears to be effective and the hypoglycemic effect could be through a multimechanism action including that exerted by the trace element content in the different tissues including the pancreas. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:31–44, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72359524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of lithium administration on collagen and breaking pressure of the rat thoracic descending aorta","authors":"Margaret Tzaphlidou, Panagiotis Berillis","doi":"10.1002/jtra.20005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.20005","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium is widely used in medicine as an antidepressive drug. Despite abundant literature on the subject, questions on the effects of lithium on collagen, which is one of the major components of tissues and organs, are far from being answered. We have examined the effects of lithium chloride (1.5 mEq Li/kg of body weight) on rat thoracic descending aorta: 1) on collagen fibrils by electron microscopy and image analysis and 2) on breaking pressure. Animals were sacrificed 1 day, 2, and 12 months after the end of a 30 consecutive days experimental period. In all cases investigated, structural abnormalities in collagen fibrils, at the ultrastructural level, were found. These abnormalities consist of decreased mean diameter and high variability in width as well as marked disorganization in the packing of the fibrils. The observed alterations seem to be permanent. Rupture of the rat thoracic aorta following pressure is significantly influenced by lithium. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:151–160, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 3","pages":"151-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.20005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72360193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An anticopper antiangiogenic approach for advanced cancer in spontaneously occurring tumors using tetrathiomolybdate: A pilot study in a canine animal model†","authors":"Michael S. Kent, Bruce R. Madewell, Gillian Dank, Robert Dick, Sofia D. Merajver, George J. Brewer","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10033","url":null,"abstract":"In this pilot study, 13 dogs of various breeds and ages with a variety of advanced tumors were treated with the antiangiogenic copper complexing drug tetrathiomolybdate. Dose escalations were performed to determine the safe and effective dose in dogs. The study was designed to last for a 6-month period for each dog entered. Dogs were examined weekly for the first 3 months and then every other week for the next 3 months. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, and measurement of serum ceruloplasmin (Cp) content were conducted at each visit to monitor response to drug administration. Serum Cp was used as a surrogate marker of copper status. The owner reported toxicity at each visit. The dog was examined for physical abnormalities. Tumor measurements were completed every 2 weeks using direct measurements of the tumor with calipers in three planes or by direct measurements of the tumor using radiographic or ultrasonographic images in two planes. Tumor response was evaluated only after dogs achieved a 4-week reduction in their serum Cp content. Tumor responses were defined as either disease stabilization or reduction in tumor volume. Nine dogs achieved Cp reduction. Of those dogs, five had no response to treatment, whereas four dogs had tumor responses after Cp reduction, characterized as either disease stabilization or reduction in tumor volume, for the remainder of the study period. There was only mild self-limiting toxicity with use of the drug. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:9–20, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"9-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72359527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can long-term exposure to chromium improve insulin sensitivity in chromium mine workers?","authors":"A. Tuzcu,&nbsp;M. Bahcecı,&nbsp;M. Dursun,&nbsp;Y. Parmaksız,&nbsp;M. Ertem,&nbsp;A. Dalgıc,&nbsp;C. Turgut,&nbsp;E. Kale","doi":"10.1002/jtra.10053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10053","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to evaluate insulin sensitivity in chromium mine workers exposed to chromium chronically. Body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass and percent, lipid levels, serum glucose, insulin, leptin and chromium levels, HOMA (%S), and HOMA (%B) values were measured in 93 male workers and 94 age- and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Fat mass and fat percent of workers were higher than control subjects (P < 0.01 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Mean insulin level of the workers was lower than control subjects (6.2 ± 4.9 lU/mL and 9.38 ± 5, respectively, P < 0.0001). Mean serum leptin levels was also lower than the control group (8.47 ± 6.5 ng/mL and 19.0 ± 10.8, respectively, P < 0.0001). Serum chromium was higher than the control subjects (407.7 ± 224.2 nmol/L and 4.45 ± 3.9, respectively, P < 0.00001). Mean HOMA (%S) index of workers was higher than control subjects (114.4 ± 55.6 and 55.7 ± 40.6, P < 0.001). Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of the workers were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.02). In conclusion, long-term exposure to chromium may improve insulin sensitivity and b-cell function. This improvement appears to be a result of low body fat mass and fat percent in body composition. In addition, chromium usage may have useful effects in the insulin sensitivity and therefore in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 17:5563, 2004. 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":101243,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jtra.10053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72359528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}