Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable separation technologies for heavy metal removal from wastewater: An upgraded review of physicochemical methods and its advancements","authors":"Saghya Infant Shofia,&nbsp;A.S. Vickram,&nbsp;A. Saravanan,&nbsp;V.C. Deivayanai,&nbsp;P.R. Yaashikaa","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study comprehensively evaluates both physical and chemical methods for removing heavy metals from wastewater, assessing their efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. Traditional techniques such as adsorption, coagulation-flocculation, chemical precipitation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, and electrochemical methods are widely used due to their rapid action and reliability. However, challenges such as high operational costs, secondary waste generation, and limited selectivity necessitate the exploration of more sustainable alternatives. A key novelty of this review lies in its in-depth analysis of emerging remediation technologies, including advanced electrochemical treatments, bioadsorbents, and hybrid approaches. The study highlights recent breakthroughs in nanomaterial-based adsorbents, which offer high adsorption capacities (e.g., graphene oxide with &gt;90 % removal efficiency for Pb(II) and Cd(II)) and improved regeneration potential. Based on the comprehensive literature study, this review emphasizes the need to shift from synthetic wastewater studies to real-world industrial effluents, ensuring practical applicability. Future research should prioritize eco-friendly, cost-efficient materials with high selectivity and recyclability, such as biopolymer-based flocculants and functionalized membranes. This review provides valuable insights for optimizing heavy metal removal strategies, aligning with global environmental goals and sustainable water treatment advancements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimum usage of biochar derived from agricultural biomass in removing organic pollutant present in pharmaceutical wastewater","authors":"L. Soundari,&nbsp;K. Prasanna","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wastewater from pharmaceutical industries contains high concentrations of organic matter, toxic chemicals, and salts, which must be effectively treated before disposal. In this work, the low-cost adsorbents and biochar consortium derived from coir fiber, Moringa oleifera seeds, and groundnut shells were utilized to remove organic contaminants such as BOD from pharmaceutical effluent using a column adsorption study having an initial concentration of 443.6 mg/L. The raw adsorbent consortium was prepared by mixing the powdered components in a 1:1:1 ratio. Each element was then individually pyrolyzed at different temperatures to obtain biochar at a 1:1:1 ratio. The removal efficiency for BOD using the raw consortium was 50.6 % at an optimal dosage of 60 g, pH 7, temperature 25°C, and contact time 120 min, while the biochar consortium achieved 72.1 % removal efficiency at an optimal dosage of 35 g, pH 7, temperature 25°C, and contact time 90 min. The applicability of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models for BOD removal efficiency was tested. Langmuir isotherm plots indicate that the adsorption process is favorable and best fitted for the biochar consortium. From kinetic models, the biochar consortium R² value is 0.9397 (Pseudo first-order) and 0.9642 (Pseudo second-order kinetics). R² of 0.9642 indicates a better fit, with only 3.58 % of the variation unexplained. It is observed that biochar has a higher removal efficiency towards BOD-causing organic pollutants compared to the raw adsorbent consortium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus recovery from beef slaughterhouse wastewater by electrocoagulation process","authors":"Samomssa Inna ,&nbsp;Embolo Appolonie Rénée Natacha ,&nbsp;Massai Harouna ,&nbsp;Kamga Richard","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen to phosphorus ratio imbalance in natural fertilizer are gaining more and more interest both in science and industry due to eutrophication caused by phosphorus excess. The goal of this study was the phosphorus recovery from Adamawa slaughterhouse wastewater by electrocoagulation (EC) process using iron and aluminum electrodes separately. To achieve this objective, screening and optimization experimental designs were used to determine the optimum conditions of phosphorus recovery from slaughterhouse wastewater by EC process. The results showed that, the order of importance of the parameters that influence the EC process differed depending on the iron and aluminum electrodes. For the iron electrodes, the order of importance in descending order was pH, stirring speed, inter-electrode distance, effluent volume, current intensity, N₂ sparging time, retention time while, for the aluminum electrodes, the order was effluent volume, retention time, pH, inter-electrode distance, current intensity, N₂ sparging time and stirring speed. Optimization of the EC process with iron electrodes revealed that recovery of 100 % of phosphorus was observed under optimal operating conditions: pH= 3, stirring speed= 600 rpm, inter-electrode distance= 1.5 cm, effluent volume= 0.5 L, current intensity= 100 mA/cm², retention time= 2h15 min while, with aluminum electrodes, a P recovery of 100 % was observed at optimum conditions effluent volume= 1 L, retention time= 30 min, pH= 14, inter-electrode distance= 1 cm, current intensity= 300 mA/cm², and stirring speed= 900 rpm. In view of the obtained results, the recovery of P in slaughterhouse effluent by EC process would be a local solution to face the high cost of fertilizers and by then to sustain environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique properties of novel feedstock Pterygota alata seed oil: A cleaner approach for biodiesel and bio-lubricant perspectives","authors":"Surekha Kademani ,&nbsp;Kariyappa S. Katagi ,&nbsp;Mahesh Akki ,&nbsp;Ashwini Jaggal","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates <em>Pterygota alata</em> seed oil (PASO) as a sustainable feedstock for biodiesel and bio-lubricant applications. Physicochemical analysis revealed its high viscosity index (155), kinematic viscosities of 65 mm²/s (at 40°C) and 14 mm²/s (at 100°C), flash point (200°C), fire point (240°C), and pour point (18.5°C), outperforming conventional bio-lubricants like <em>Milletia pinnata</em> seed oil, rice bran oil, and mineral SAE40 engine oil. Biodiesel was synthesized via an optimized <em>in situ</em> transesterification process, eliminating separate oil extraction and esterification steps. The optimal conditions includes 6:1 methanol-to-oil ratio, 1.5 % KOH catalyst, 65°C, 600 rpm, and 3 hour reaction, achieved 95 % yield. Further characterizated using GC-MS FID, FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and TGA validated its composition and thermal stability. Empirical analysis confirmed ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 compliance, demonstrating fuel properties comparable to petro-diesel. A cost estimation analysis indicated economic feasibility. The study highlights PASO’s potential as a high performance bio-lubricant and a cost effective biodiesel feedstock, offering a sustainable pathway for renewable energy and lubricant production. The estimated cost of one litre of biodiesel by in situ method is 78.7 INR, which shows the considerable markatable feasibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and environmental performance evaluation of locally manufactured P-32 and commercial activated carbons on the Ghanaian market","authors":"Isaac K. Tetteh ,&nbsp;Solomon Nandomah ,&nbsp;Janet A. Boadu ,&nbsp;Amos Nortey ,&nbsp;Esther B. Dwemoh ,&nbsp;Antonia Y. Tetteh","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study characterizes and evaluates the environmental performance of P-32 Activated Carbon (AC), and commercial AC (CAC). Physicochemical properties ─ bulk density, porosity, moisture, ash content, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and adsorptive properties ─ methylene blue number (<em>MBN</em>) and iodine number (<em>IN</em>), were investigated using standard methods based on particle size (powdered: ≤ 53 µm; granular: 1.0 – 2.8 mm). Intercorrelation matrices, descriptive statistics, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used for properties intercomparison. Multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) was performed with candidate predictors from the intercorrelation matrices to predict <em>MB</em> and <em>I</em>_<em>2</em> adsorption. Environmental performance was evaluated using paired sample t-test by reviewing the adsorption performance of P-32 Powdered AC (PAC) and commercial PAC (CPAC) targeting seven potentially toxic elements (PTEs) ─ iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), and manganese (Mn) in mine-impacted surface water. Except for bulk density and ash content, P-32 AC exhibited lower physicochemical properties and <em>MB</em>/<em>IN</em> adsorption than CAC. Also, CAC demonstrated stronger relationships among properties than P-32 AC. Particle size, bulk density, and moisture content significantly predicted CAC’s <em>IN</em> adsorption, whereas particle size and porosity predicted P-32 AC’s <em>IN</em>. Particle size significantly predicted CAC’s <em>MBN</em>, while all the predictors favored P-32 AC’s <em>MBN</em> prediction. Percent removal (% R) of the PTEs by CPAC (P-32 PAC) ranged from 44.44 ─96.50 % (62.96 ─ 98.25 %) across incremental carbon masses (5.00─25.00 g)/L effluent. P-32 PAC significantly outperformed CPAC in the remediation (p &lt; 0.05), revealing discrepancies between laboratory-based adsorption experiments and real-world environmental performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and characterization of L-asparaginase by Aspergillus niger: A sustainable use of pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) by-products","authors":"John Nonvignon Bossis Honfoga ,&nbsp;Priscilla Amaral Nascimento ,&nbsp;Alexsandra Nascimento Ferreira ,&nbsp;Emília Carmem da Silva ,&nbsp;Luciana Carolina Bauer ,&nbsp;Jabson Meneses Teixeira ,&nbsp;Nívio Batista Santana ,&nbsp;Renata Cristina Ferreira Bonomo","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study focused on the optimization of the L-asparaginase production by solid-state fermentation from <em>Aspergillus niger</em> INCQS 40018 (ATCC 1004) using pitaya by-product and the determination of its biochemical characterization. The L-asparaginase production was carried out at 25 °C using L-asparagine as an inducer to determine the best production time. The experiments of optimization process were performed in a 4² fold complete factorial design to evaluate the effect of the variables moisture and inducer concentration. For the enzyme characterization, the thermostability was studied with varying temperature of 20–70 °C, and the pH ranging from 3.0 to 11.0. The effect of NaCl, CaCl₂, KCl, CuSO₄ and EDTA at concentrations of 1 mM and 5 mM was also studied. The results showed that 36 h was the best time for L-asparaginase production and the variables studied were significant in the optimization process that presented an increase of 58.96 %. The enzyme produced obtained optimal activity at 40 °C and pH 5.0, and remained stable in the temperature range of 20 °C to 40 °C and pH of 4.0–5.0. Regarding the effect of the compounds studied, NaCl, CaCl₂, and EDTA had an activating action on the enzyme, while KCl and CuSO₄ showed an inhibitory action at the concentration of 5 mM. At a concentration of 1 mM, all the compounds inhibited the L-asparaginase. Overall, the results indicate the potential for the sustainable use of pitaya by-product for the L-asparaginase production with promising biotechnological capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thermal treatment, foaming and stabilizing agents on the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymer foams using Raman spectroscopy and 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR","authors":"Ghizlane Moutaoukil ,&nbsp;Isabel Sobrados ,&nbsp;H.Süleyman Gökçe ,&nbsp;Saliha Alehyen","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing environmental concerns have challenged researchers to find greener materials to meet the sustainability goals of applied engineering industries. Geopolymers, which have desirable chemical, mechanical, and porous properties, are promising for a variety of applications, from wastewater treatment to the production of green or lightweight construction materials. This study aims to investigate the effect of thermal treatment (70°, 70°+300° and 70°+600°C), foaming (0.1, 0.5 and 0.7 % Al powder) and stabilizing agent (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 % sodium dodecyl sulfate [SDS]) on the mechanical and microstructural properties of fly ash-based geopolymer foams (GF). Uniaxial compressive strength values of these foams were determined on prepared 35(Ø)× 70 mm cylindrical specimens. Fly ash and final products were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (²⁹Si and ²⁷Al MAS NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area/porosity analysis and Raman spectroscopy. The results shows that increasing the content of foaming and stabilizing agents increases the porosity of the geopolymeric foams. However, this also leads to a decrease in the strength of the specimens. Additionally, exposing the geopolymer foam specimens to high temperatures caused the porosity to decrease from 71 % to 62 %. Raman spectra analysis revealed a shift towards lower wavenumber of the bands attributed to Si-O-Si, Si-O-Al or O-Si-O; this is indicative of a change in the structure of the geopolymeric network from Q4 to Q3. In addition, the ²⁷Al NMR spectra analysis confirmed the crystallization of a part of the gel at high temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musa paradisiaca peel and sludge co-pyrolysis: Thermal behavior and kinetic analysis","authors":"J. Athitha Kandan,&nbsp;K. Chithra","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermal degradation behavior, synergistic interactions and reaction kinetics of the sewage sludge (SS) and <em>Musa paradisiaca</em> peel (MP) co-pyrolysis was studied. The blend with SS and MP in the mass ratio 1:3 (SS01MP03) showed the highest deviation from the calculated values with an increment as high as 19 % in the mass loss under thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and hence it was considered the blend with the highest synergy. The estimation of activation energies (E_act) of the blends revealed that the synergistic interactions between SS and MP led to a 25.59 % reduction in the E_act of the pyrolysis reaction of SS01MP03 which increases pyrolysis efficiency. The TGA of SS01MP03 at various heating rates (10–40 ˚C/min) revealed a complex three step degradation mechanism with high mass loss in the 2nd stage. The kinetics of the pyrolysis of the most synergistic blend (SS01MP03) was performed using the Coats-Redfern model-fitting (CRM) method and the activation energies (E_act) were estimated by model-free (MF) methods like Flynn–Wall-Ozawa method (FWOM), Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method (KASM), and Starink methods. The Zhuravlev equation in the CRM method proved to be the best fit (E_act = 68.46 kJ/mol), which was close to the values 65.389, 65.711 and 71.055 kJ/mol predicted by MF methods KASM, Starink and FWOM respectively. This suggests that the results are reliable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insilico mining of metagenomic datasets for novel PET hydrolase homologs: Enhancing enzyme discovery for circular bioeconomy","authors":"Shubham Kumar ,&nbsp;Riya Bhardwaj ,&nbsp;Km Shivangi ,&nbsp;Sameena Mehtab ,&nbsp;Barkha Singhal","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) pollution presents a significant environmental challenge, necessitating innovative strategies for its degradation and recycling. This study investigates PET-degrading enzymes using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to analyse 92 amino acid sequences from the PAZy database. The research aims to uncover key structural features and sequence conservation across enzymes from diverse environmental biomes, thus advancing the understanding of PET hydrolysis mechanisms. Structural motifs such as the nucleophilic elbow (GXNXG), catalytic triad, oxyanion hole, and aromatic clamp were identified as critical for PET degradation. Sequence conservation was observed in enzymes from marine, sediment, composting, and wastewater environments, highlighting the widespread distribution of PET-degrading activity. Physicochemical analyses revealed variations in enzyme stability, with most enzymes exhibiting low thermostability. 3D structural modeling and molecular docking identified PETase2 and PETase4 enzymes as having high binding affinities for PET. These findings enhance the molecular understanding of PET degradation and provide insights for developing biotechnological solutions to manage plastic waste. The study underscores the potential of enzymatic processes for sustainable plastic recycling and bioremediation, contributing to the broader goal of advancing the circular bioeconomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of carbon felt thickness and de-bundled felt fibers on dye adsorption: The external surface matters","authors":"Batuhan Mulla ,&nbsp;Kyriacos Ioannou ,&nbsp;Ioannis Ioannidis ,&nbsp;Ioannis Pashalidis ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Kostoglou ,&nbsp;Claus Rebholz","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2025.100254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adsorption onto carbon-based materials has emerged as a prominent method for removing contaminants from aqueous solutions, gaining notable attention recently. In this study, two activated carbon (AC) felt materials, with very similar Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface areas (∼1850 m²/g) but different thickness (2 mm and 3 mm), were oxidized using concentrated nitric acid to modify their surface properties and thus further improve their adsorption capacity towards crystal violet (CV) dye. The oxidation process caused a notable decline in BET surface area (∼550 m²/g) and pore volume, coupled with a modest rise in average pore size. Batch adsorption tests were conducted to assess the CV adsorption efficiency of oxidized AC felt materials, both in their original form and as de-bundled fibers. Evaluation of the adsorption performance in groundwater and seawater solutions was also carried out. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic, and primarily driven by entropy. Results from kinetic experiments revealed that the thinner felt shows better performance compared to the thicker counterpart, removing ∼70 % and ∼20 % of the CV dye after 10 min, respectively. However, the de-bundled fibers from the thinner and thicker felt materials display much higher uptakes, specifically ∼95 % and ∼45 % after 10 min, respectively, confirming that the external available surface area matters most in kinetic studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}