Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Forensic intervention in the Valencia floods of October 2024","authors":"Eneko Barbería , Marta Grijalba","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500471","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 500471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical-legal analysis of claims for patrimonial liability in primary health care and extra-hospital emergency services in the Community of Madrid","authors":"Fernando León Vázquez ,&nbsp;Ángel Nieto Sánchez ,&nbsp;Andrés S. Santiago-Sáez","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Primary care (PC) and out-of-hospital emergency services (SUMMA112) are high-risk areas for malpractice claims due to their volume of activity and inherent uncertainty. Compensation claims that do not involve criminal liability require a preliminary administrative procedure. We analyzed the reasons and outcomes of these resolutions.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional observational study of advisory opinions issued by the Legal Advisory Commission of the Community of Madrid regarding compensation claims for out-of-hospital healthcare liability between 2013 and 2022. The variables analyzed included administrative, clinical, judicial, temporal, and compensatory factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 616 rulings, 75 (12.2%) were related to out-of-hospital care: 43 (57.3%) in family medicine in PC and 28 (37.3%) in SUMMA112. Of these 42.7% were partially or fully upheld. The median compensation was €37,744 (range €600–€370,000). The 34 (45.3%) patients who died received more favorable outcomes (55.9% vs. 31.7%) with higher compensations (€47,900 vs. €22,900). The average delay between the claim and the opinion was 775 days. Reasons for claims included delayed or erroneous diagnosis in 42 cases (50,6%), treatment errors in 14 (16,9%), malpractice in 10 (12%), informed consent issues in 9 (10,8%) and adverse treatment effects in 7 (8,4%). The most frequent diseases were acute cardiovascular conditions (27%, including myocardial infarction and stroke), oncological diseases (16%), vaccine-related incidents (8%), and trauma (8%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Acute cardiovascular and oncological pathologies generated the highest number of claims. Diagnostic delay or error was the primary reason cited, often linked to the loss of opportunity. Less than half of the claims were upheld, with compensation amounts significantly lower than those requested, and higher amounts awarded in cases involving patient death. Resolution times exceeded two years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 500453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valencia's DANA of October 2024: The 12 days of the state of emergency in the province of Valencia (Spain)","authors":"Carmen Rodero Astaburuaga","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On October the 29th of 2024, the province of Valencia suffered one of the most devastating events because of the DANA meteorological phenomenon that destroyed several towns in L’Horta Sud. For a period of 12 days, the state of emergency was decreed and the forensic doctors of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Valencia, together with the rest of the professionals, actively participated in the tasks of removing bodies, identifying and delivering bodies to relatives in a totally exceptional situation.</div><div>Perfect teamwork, Head of Justice, forensic doctors, officials of Management and Processing Assistance Corps, Physicians, laboratory assistants and technicians, autopsy assistants, psychologists, social workers, Legal Medicine residents, funeral company workers, cleaning workers, City of Justice cafeteria service, National Police, Civil Guard, Military Emergency Unit and informatic workers.</div><div>The physical and mental over exertion of all who participated under the orders of the Director of the Institute of Legal Medicine resulted in an exquisite work where values beyond the purely professional emerged. After 12 days of intense work, almost 200 victims of the catastrophe were fully identified and 200 families partially comforted and consoled. That’s the real meaning of our work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 500457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144320956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral condyloma acuminatum in a 7 years old girl. Medico-legal controversy about mode of transmission","authors":"Carlos Chérrez Bermejo ,&nbsp;María Ilundáin Cabedo ,&nbsp;Guillermo Cabero López ,&nbsp;Isabel Ibarrola Hermoso de Mendoza ,&nbsp;Raquel Amatriain Pileño ,&nbsp;María Muñiz Lorenzo","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide attempt by police officer: A case in point","authors":"Francisco J. Pera ,&nbsp;Rosa M. Marote ,&nbsp;Teresa Elegido ,&nbsp;Irene L. Álvarez ,&nbsp;Julia Benéitez","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Throughout their professional life, forensic doctors and psychiatric specialists are often confronted with suicide, whether attempted or completed. However, the type of suicide mechanism that we describe in this article (suicide attempt by police officer: a case in point) is highly infrequent in our environment, although not in other cultures. So much so that, with more than one hundred years of professional practice between all the authors, this is the first time that we have been confronted with this suicide mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deaths in custody: A complex problem","authors":"Sonsoles Castro Herranz","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 500444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methanol poisoning: Hemorrhagic necrosis of the caudate and putamen","authors":"Jennifer Cárdenas Romero ,&nbsp;Sandra Patricia Díaz Pardo ,&nbsp;Arbey Hernán Medina Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor regarding the article Coloración visceral post mortem debido al azul de metileno","authors":"Christoph G. Birngruber,&nbsp;Stefanie Plenzig,&nbsp;Constanze Nieß,&nbsp;Johannes Baumgarten","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100420","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenge of generational change from robust governance in the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Spain. An example of leadership and public management at the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Alicante","authors":"Mar Pastor-Bravo ,&nbsp;Miquel Salvador-Serna ,&nbsp;Rosana Marcos-Ramos ,&nbsp;Eneko Barbería-Marcalain ,&nbsp;Marta Grijalba-Mazo ,&nbsp;Rafael Bañón-González ,&nbsp;César Casado-de Santiago ,&nbsp;Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Padial","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (IMLCF) are in a turbulent environment favoured by the emergence of new challenges and different professional categories and demands, all of this linked to the generational change and the imminent change in the qualification requirements for access to the Corps of Forensic Doctors. Beyond the need for greater resources, the convenience of exploring the capacities of the IMLCF to face these challenges is raised. From the emerging paradigm of robust governance, articulated from four institutional capacities (strategic, management, relational and analytical), a scheme is proposed that allows the articulation of change proposals to promote the systematic reinforcement of the IMLCF.</div><div>To do this, an operating model based on flexibility with adaptive capacity must be implemented, but which integrates the essential stability to maintain its basic activities.</div><div>It is proposed to plan and give proposals for improvement that help to successfully face the challenge of generational change in forensic medicine professionals taking the IMLCF of Alicante as an example.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A posteriori informativity in standard paternity tests with the Investigator Argus X-12 system and mutation findings","authors":"Eduardo Rojas-Prado,&nbsp;Irán Cortés-Trujillo,&nbsp;Mayra E. García-Aceves,&nbsp;Mariana Chávez-Arreguín,&nbsp;Karina González-Becerra,&nbsp;Alma F. Favela Mendoza,&nbsp;Héctor Rangel-Villalobos","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Investigator Argus X-12 kit is a valuable complementary tool for human identification purposes, especially for solving complex kinship cases. The analysis of these cases generates valuable information in routine forensic work, such as a posteriori informativeness (LR: likelihood ratio) and mutation rates.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To analyze the LR offered by the Argus X-12 QS kit in 74 Mexican families, including the father, mother, and daughter(s), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Exact LRs were estimated with the FamlinkX software in the families as paternity trio cases (n = 74; average 8.E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->14) and duo cases (n = 148; average 6.1E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->11), omitting the mother and father, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The LR of the trios (a posteriori) was significantly higher than the -a priori<em>-</em> parameter IP typical (3.98E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->04). As a reference, we report the LR of complex kinship cases solved with X-STRs: maternal half-sisters (LR = 111), paternal half-sisters (LR = 5567), paternal half-sisters with their mothers (LR = 6.0E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->07, and paternal grandmother-granddaughter (LR = 15,864). Nine mutations were detected in 161 meiosis. The mutation rate was estimated in seven X-STRs, which was 0.0062 (1/161) for DXS10148, DXS10135, DXS8378, DXS10146, and DXS7423, and 0,0124 (2/161) for DXS10074 and DXS10101. These findings will be useful in future meta-analyses to achieve more conclusive estimates. A null allele in DXS10148 was inferred between a mother and daughter, supported by the low probability that the finding is explained by an 8-step mutation (26.1 → 18), and the low frequency of the 26.1 homozygote.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The a posteriori informativeness of Argus X-12 in paternity and kinship cases described herein justifies the inclusion of the X-STRs in forensic genetics labs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}