Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine最新文献_第10页

Comparison between Screening Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-S) and Minimental State Examination (MMSE) in Forensic Psychiatry. Pilot study 精神病学认知障碍筛查(SCIP-S)与法医精神病学最小状态检查(MMSE)的比较。试点研究

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2022.01.004

Priscila Caballero Casanoves , César Jesús Correas Soto , Óscar Pino López , Judith Prió Silvestre

{"title":"Comparison between Screening Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-S) and Minimental State Examination (MMSE) in Forensic Psychiatry. Pilot study","authors":"Priscila Caballero Casanoves , César Jesús Correas Soto , Óscar Pino López , Judith Prió Silvestre","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2022.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2022.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The objective is to compare 2 brief cognitive screening tests, MMSE and SCIP-S, and determine their usefulness in assessing the cognitive status of subjects diagnosed with psychiatric pathology.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p><span>Pilot study of a series of 33 cases from the Institutes of Legal Medicine of Catalonia and Andorra, whose inclusion criterion was the existence of a psychiatric pathology categorised in ICD-10. In all cases, in addition to the forensic </span>medical interview, MMSE was administered followed by SCIP-S.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In MMSE, 31 of the 33 interviewees obtained a total direct score ≥ 24 (normal cognitive performance). In SCIP-S, only 5 of the 33 participants were in a percentile ≥15 (normal cognitive performance). The difference between the results of both tests was statistically significant (P < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study suggests a greater usefulness of SCIP-S compared to MMSE in detecting cognitive deficits in psychiatric patients. Therefore, the use of the former is recommended in forensic medical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"48 3","pages":"Pages 92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83364069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The beginning of the residency of the specialty in legal and forensic medicine in Spain 西班牙法律和法医学专业住院医师的开始

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2022.07.001

Marta Grijalba-Mazo , Josep Arimany-Manso

引用次数: 0

Comorbidities and biomarkers associated with severity in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 COVID-19住院患者的合并症和与严重程度相关的生物标志物

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.24875/sjmed.21000028

E. Páez-Guillán, María Pazo-Núñez, M. Freire-Romero, María del Carmen Beceiro-Abad, L. Mateo-Mosquera, M. C. Gayol-Fernández, María-Jesús Isorna-Porto, P. M. Pesqueira-Fontán, Manuel Taboada-Muñiz, Jonathan Geovany Montoya-Valdés, Sonia Molinos-Castro

引用次数: 0

Drug facilitated crimes by “burundanga” or scopolamine 毒品通过“布隆丹加”或东莨菪碱促进犯罪

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2022.01.003

Cesáreo Fernández Alonso , Elena Descalzo Casado , Oscar Quintela Jorge , Carmen Megía Morales , Begoña Bravo Serrano , Andrés Santiago-Sáez

{"title":"Drug facilitated crimes by “burundanga” or scopolamine","authors":"Cesáreo Fernández Alonso , Elena Descalzo Casado , Oscar Quintela Jorge , Carmen Megía Morales , Begoña Bravo Serrano , Andrés Santiago-Sáez","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2022.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2022.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><em>Burundanga</em><span><span> or potion with scopolamine is a substance that has gained great notoriety in cases of </span>drug facilitated crimes (DFC). San Carlos Clinical Hospital (SCCH) has a clinical practice guide in suspected DFC. The toxicological analysis (TA) is carried out at the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF) in Madrid.</span></p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To analyze cases of suspicion of DFC due to scopolamine in SCCH.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective observational study of cases registered as possible SQ in the HCSC with scopolamine identified in the toxicological analysis (TA) between March 2015 and 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>In only 1 of 292 (0.3%) records in the SCCH were identified scopolamine (128, ng / mL) in urine using liquid chromatography techniques coupled with mass spectrometry. A 34-year-old man was referred to the emergency room for </span>anticholinergic symptoms, referring to a crime against property.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Scopolamine is a substance identified in an exceptional way in cases of suspected SQ in SCCH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 74-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76072645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International cooperation in forensic sciences: The ICRIME project 法医学的国际合作:刑事犯罪项目

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2022.03.001

Dolores Moreno Raymundo , Javier Samper Orgilés

引用次数: 0

Orthodontic records for forensic identification: A scoping review 法医鉴定的正畸记录:范围审查

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2022.01.001

Mariano Vidal-Parra , Gabriel M. Fonseca

引用次数: 0

How are the homicidal women in Spain? A case series 西班牙那些爱杀人的女人怎么样了?案例系列

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2022.02.001

Serguei Dario Noroze Gallego , Santiago Rincón Velázquez , Francisco Gregorio Francés Bozal

{"title":"How are the homicidal women in Spain? A case series","authors":"Serguei Dario Noroze Gallego , Santiago Rincón Velázquez , Francisco Gregorio Francés Bozal","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2022.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2022.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Homicides committed by women are of special scientific and social interest. In forensic literature, common characteristics differentiating women’s homicide of those committed by men have been observed. These characteristics concert the act of homicide itself, and also the victims and aggressors characteristics. Our objective is to find if in Spain, homicides committed by women present such characteristics or substantial differences exist.</p></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><p>We analysed a case series (n=18) of homicides committed by women. We evaluated their biography, homicide characteristics, previous mental illness history and drug use, and data of interest concerning the legal procedure.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In our sample, as highlighted differences between our study and others, we found less traumatic events in the biography of women who have a homicide conviction. We also found less history of previous aggresions and threats to the women by their victims.</p></div><div><h3>Final Considerations</h3><p>More studies are necessary to confirm these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76341852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk factors for completed suicide in young people and middle-aged adults: Population forensic study 年轻人和中年人自杀未遂的危险因素:人口法医研究

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2021.09.002

Mikel Aiartzaguena , Benito Morentin

{"title":"Risk factors for completed suicide in young people and middle-aged adults: Population forensic study","authors":"Mikel Aiartzaguena , Benito Morentin","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2021.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2021.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Suicide is a major public health problem. The objective of this study is to analyse the demographic, clinical, and toxicological characteristics and the mechanisms of suicide in young people and middle-aged adults.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Retrospective population study of completed suicide in subjects aged 14–55 who were subjected to a forensic autopsy in Bizkaia between 2016 and 2018.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>272 suicides were recorded. The global incidence was 7.8/100.00 inhabitants/year. 127 were 14–55 years old. The rate was 3 times higher in men and increased with age. In 72%, some clinical risk factor was collected, mainly mental disorders (59%): mood disorders (23%), substance abuse (20.5%), and psychotic disorders (14%). 38% of addicts had another mental disorder. Physical illness (23%) and suicide attempt (20.5%) were also relevant factors. 41% were positive for alcohol and/or </span>illicit drugs<span><span>: ethanol (22%), cannabis (16%), cocaine (11%), and amphetamine (8%). This percentage was 79% in substance addicts. Substance abuse disorders (25% vs. 6.5%; P = 0.03) and presence of alcohol and/or </span>drugs (49% vs. 16%; P = 0.001) were more prevalent in men. The most commonly used methods were fall from heights (35%) and hanging (31%).</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The incidence of suicide in Bizkaia is lower than the European average. Suicide is a complex problem associated with demographic and clinical factors (mainly depressive and substance abuse disorders) and recent use of alcohol and illicit drugs. Prospective multidisciplinary and multicenter researches are required in order to identify risk factors and to guide preventive measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73954901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Proficiency of 38 HID-INDELS in kinship analysis and forensic parameters in a Mexican population 38名HID-INDELS在墨西哥人群亲属关系分析和法医参数方面的熟练程度

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2021.11.001

J.A. Aguilar-Velázquez , E. Rojas-Prado , G. Martínez-Cortés , A.F. Favela-Mendoza , A. González-Martin , H. Rangel-Villalobos

{"title":"Proficiency of 38 HID-INDELS in kinship analysis and forensic parameters in a Mexican population","authors":"J.A. Aguilar-Velázquez , E. Rojas-Prado , G. Martínez-Cortés , A.F. Favela-Mendoza , A. González-Martin , H. Rangel-Villalobos","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2021.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2021.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Insertion–deletions for human identification (HID-INDELs) allow solving peculiar forensic situations when autosomal STRs are insufficient. Although limitations were predicted since the forensic implementation of biallelic markers, formal evaluation of these restrictions is scarce. Particularly, to define the informativity provided by HID-INDELs in kinship analysis is useful to avoid wasting work, resources, and –finally– disappointments.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>For this reason, we analyzed the 38-plex HID-INDEL system in 25 Mexican families including father, daughter, and mother, whose kinship was previously established with 22 autosomal STRs.</p></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><p>From genotypes of unrelated individuals, we updated allele frequencies and forensic parameters of the Jalisco state (West, Mexico), by increasing the population sample size from 62 to 112. Among the forensic <em>a priori</em> parameters, the Typical paternity index (PI) of the 38plex HID-INDEL system showed important differences regarding the PI and probability of paternity (W) estimated herein from real paternity cases, generally undervaluing the observed informativity of these 38-plex HID-INDEL system. Conversely, the studied HID-INDEL loci offered confident kinship conclusions based on the paternity index (PI ≥10,000) and probability of paternity (W ≥ 99.99%) in 68% of the standard trio cases (18/25), and only 12% of duo paternity cases (6/50) (motherless and fatherless). In fact, 14% of duo paternity cases (7/50) did not reach minimum requirements to stablish paternity (IP < 100; W < 99%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We updated a Mexican population database for 38 HID-INDEL loci, and we described their proficiency from real paternity cases, detailing some limitations non-previously specified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 66-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74520860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Behaviour and distribution of suicide in the city of Medellín during the period 2015–2019 2015-2019年期间Medellín市自杀行为和分布

Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.remle.2021.09.001

Catalina Vásquez Guarín , Anny Daiana Bother Mena , Daniel Ferraro Osorio , Omar Betancur Barrera

{"title":"Behaviour and distribution of suicide in the city of Medellín during the period 2015–2019","authors":"Catalina Vásquez Guarín , Anny Daiana Bother Mena , Daniel Ferraro Osorio , Omar Betancur Barrera","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2021.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2021.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To identify the distribution and behaviour of suicide in the city of Medellin during the period 2015–2019.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Documentary study, retrospective approach, secondary sources of information on suicide cases reported by the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences between 2015 and 2019 for the city of Medellin were used, the data was consolidated and transformed into relative frequencies and percentages.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 839 cases of suicide were reported, 81% of which were men, with a higher occurrence in ages between 29 and 59 years, reaching 48% of the total cases. Unmarried people were the marital status with the highest number of cases, 60% in the last 2 years; asphyxia with 60% is the most used method and temporality only revealed statistically significant results with respect to the day of highest occurrence, being Sunday and Monday the most frequent with 17% respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It was possible to establish the sociodemographic characteristics with the highest incidence of suicide, it was shown that having lower educational level increases the prevalence of suicide, the lack of support network explained the tendency of singles to commit the act, the most used causal mechanism was asphyxia followed by injuries by projectile from a firearm and poisoning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74994098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0