Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Oral condyloma acuminatum in a 7 years old girl. Medico-legal controversy about mode of transmission","authors":"Carlos Chérrez Bermejo , María Ilundáin Cabedo , Guillermo Cabero López , Isabel Ibarrola Hermoso de Mendoza , Raquel Amatriain Pileño , María Muñiz Lorenzo","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide attempt by police officer: A case in point","authors":"Francisco J. Pera ,&nbsp;Rosa M. Marote ,&nbsp;Teresa Elegido ,&nbsp;Irene L. Álvarez ,&nbsp;Julia Benéitez","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Throughout their professional life, forensic doctors and psychiatric specialists are often confronted with suicide, whether attempted or completed. However, the type of suicide mechanism that we describe in this article (suicide attempt by police officer: a case in point) is highly infrequent in our environment, although not in other cultures. So much so that, with more than one hundred years of professional practice between all the authors, this is the first time that we have been confronted with this suicide mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deaths in custody: A complex problem","authors":"Sonsoles Castro Herranz","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.500444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 500444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methanol poisoning: Hemorrhagic necrosis of the caudate and putamen","authors":"Jennifer Cárdenas Romero ,&nbsp;Sandra Patricia Díaz Pardo ,&nbsp;Arbey Hernán Medina Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor regarding the article Coloración visceral post mortem debido al azul de metileno","authors":"Christoph G. Birngruber,&nbsp;Stefanie Plenzig,&nbsp;Constanze Nieß,&nbsp;Johannes Baumgarten","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100420","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenge of generational change from robust governance in the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Spain. An example of leadership and public management at the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Alicante","authors":"Mar Pastor-Bravo ,&nbsp;Miquel Salvador-Serna ,&nbsp;Rosana Marcos-Ramos ,&nbsp;Eneko Barbería-Marcalain ,&nbsp;Marta Grijalba-Mazo ,&nbsp;Rafael Bañón-González ,&nbsp;César Casado-de Santiago ,&nbsp;Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Padial","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (IMLCF) are in a turbulent environment favoured by the emergence of new challenges and different professional categories and demands, all of this linked to the generational change and the imminent change in the qualification requirements for access to the Corps of Forensic Doctors. Beyond the need for greater resources, the convenience of exploring the capacities of the IMLCF to face these challenges is raised. From the emerging paradigm of robust governance, articulated from four institutional capacities (strategic, management, relational and analytical), a scheme is proposed that allows the articulation of change proposals to promote the systematic reinforcement of the IMLCF.</div><div>To do this, an operating model based on flexibility with adaptive capacity must be implemented, but which integrates the essential stability to maintain its basic activities.</div><div>It is proposed to plan and give proposals for improvement that help to successfully face the challenge of generational change in forensic medicine professionals taking the IMLCF of Alicante as an example.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A posteriori informativity in standard paternity tests with the Investigator Argus X-12 system and mutation findings","authors":"Eduardo Rojas-Prado,&nbsp;Irán Cortés-Trujillo,&nbsp;Mayra E. García-Aceves,&nbsp;Mariana Chávez-Arreguín,&nbsp;Karina González-Becerra,&nbsp;Alma F. Favela Mendoza,&nbsp;Héctor Rangel-Villalobos","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Investigator Argus X-12 kit is a valuable complementary tool for human identification purposes, especially for solving complex kinship cases. The analysis of these cases generates valuable information in routine forensic work, such as a posteriori informativeness (LR: likelihood ratio) and mutation rates.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To analyze the LR offered by the Argus X-12 QS kit in 74 Mexican families, including the father, mother, and daughter(s), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Exact LRs were estimated with the FamlinkX software in the families as paternity trio cases (n = 74; average 8.E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->14) and duo cases (n = 148; average 6.1E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->11), omitting the mother and father, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The LR of the trios (a posteriori) was significantly higher than the -a priori<em>-</em> parameter IP typical (3.98E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->04). As a reference, we report the LR of complex kinship cases solved with X-STRs: maternal half-sisters (LR = 111), paternal half-sisters (LR = 5567), paternal half-sisters with their mothers (LR = 6.0E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->07, and paternal grandmother-granddaughter (LR = 15,864). Nine mutations were detected in 161 meiosis. The mutation rate was estimated in seven X-STRs, which was 0.0062 (1/161) for DXS10148, DXS10135, DXS8378, DXS10146, and DXS7423, and 0,0124 (2/161) for DXS10074 and DXS10101. These findings will be useful in future meta-analyses to achieve more conclusive estimates. A null allele in DXS10148 was inferred between a mother and daughter, supported by the low probability that the finding is explained by an 8-step mutation (26.1 → 18), and the low frequency of the 26.1 homozygote.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The a posteriori informativeness of Argus X-12 in paternity and kinship cases described herein justifies the inclusion of the X-STRs in forensic genetics labs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical submission. Evaluation of the level of knowledge of health workers","authors":"Esperanza López Hidalgo,&nbsp;María Victoria Villalba Soria,&nbsp;Desirée Ruiz Ruano","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Chemical submission is a phenomenon that has become increasingly important in recent years and doctors who care for a victim should have enough knowledge about it. Our objective is to determine the degree of knowledge of doctors who, in their professional condition, could assist to a chemical submission victim.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>We have carried out a survey among health workers who can assist to a chemical submission victim in order to determine their level of knowledge in this matter.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results show that doctors think they don't have enough knowledge about chemical submission.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Specific training programs in chemical submission should be implemented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deaths in prison: Toxicological findings in cases analysed at the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (Madrid) during the period 2021–2023","authors":"Carlos García Caballero,&nbsp;María Antonia Martínez González","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2025.100428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>A 39.5 % of violent deaths that occurred in Spanish prisons were drug-related deaths.</div><div>In this study, we assess the role of abused drugs and prescribed psychoactive drugs in a cohort of prison deaths cases along three years.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A cohort of 40 cases were received during the period 2021–2023. Each of them was classified following several parameters: sex, age, pathologies, pharmacologycal treatment, reported cause of death and toxicologycal analysis (analysed samples and detected substances following analytical routine).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A 82.5 % of cases submitted (n = 33) were classified as violent deaths: suicide by hangling (39.4% n = 13) and drug-related deaths (60.6 % n = 20). The Victim's profile was a man with a mean age of 39.5 years old, who suffered from a mental disease and had been prescribed a medical treatment mainly with psychoactive drugs.</div><div>In cases of suicide by hangling, toxicologycal analysis revealed psychoactive drug consumption, such as benzodiazepines and gabaergic drugs. On the other hand, in drug-related death cases, polyconsumption involving abuse drugs and prescribed drugs was prevalent.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The whole of violent death cases showed a positive toxicologycal result. In regard to these results, we should highlight the absence of alcohol, and the polyconsumption of prescribed and not prescribed psychoactive drugs involving abuse drugs in those cases where polydrug intoxication was reported as a cause of death. Abuse drugs detected corresponded with consumption patterns in Spanish society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organization of legal and forensic medicine in Spain","authors":"Marta Grijalba ,&nbsp;Eneko Barbería ,&nbsp;José M. Montero ,&nbsp;Rafael Bañón ,&nbsp;Mar Pastor ,&nbsp;Rosa Ana Marcos ,&nbsp;Andrés Santiago-Sáez","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The organization of Legal and Forensic Medicine in Spain has undergone important structural and functional changes. Social, legislative, and technological progress has determined an evolution in the form of access, scope of action, organizational dependence, functions, specialisation, provision of resources, extrajudicial activities, and relations with other institutions. The figure of the forensic doctor attached to a court, isolated, polyvalent, with no teaching or research activity is now a thing of the past. The figure of the Institutes already provided for in Organic Law 6/1985 of 1 July 1985 on the Judiciary promoted unity of action, teamwork, specialisation and training, teaching, and research. The enactment of Royal Decree 144/2023, of 28 February, approving the Regulations of the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences has allowed these technical bodies to adapt to the process of modernisation of justice and to the necessary social and health projection of forensic sciences. We must look to the future and adapt the organizational structure, the functioning of the institutes, and the regulations for their creation and entry into operation to the new changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 155-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}