Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Human trafficking victims: An emerging reality in forensic medicine","authors":"Elena Cano , Anna Mateu , Antonia Bertomeu , Alexandre Xifró","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2023.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"49 4","pages":"Pages 123-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death due to umbilical discharge in an adult","authors":"Mercè Subirana-Domènech, Helena Martínez-Alcázar","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"49 4","pages":"Pages 164-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of 27 STR markers of the chromosome Y in the population of the jungle from Peru","authors":"Carlos David Neyra-Rivera ,&nbsp;Cristian Saul Robles Mamani ,&nbsp;Edgardo Delgado Ramos ,&nbsp;Margarita Rosa Eugenia Velasquez Reinoso ,&nbsp;Bruce Budowle","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Y-chromosome-specific short tandem repeat<span> (Y-STR) markers reside on the non-recombinant portion of the Y chromosome, their inheritance is paternal, they are not detectable in female DNA. These properties make Y-STRs a useful tool in forensic investigations such as sexual assault, parenting, and other violent crimes; likewise they are also useful in genealogical and evolutionary studies. The objective of the research is to expand the scientific evidence of the distribution by region or country of the Y </span></span>sex chromosome haplotypes. Similar studies in Peruvian populations are scarce due to the smaller number of Y-STR polymorphisms frequently used in Forensic and Population Genetics.</p><p><em>Material and method:</em><span> In the investigation, 141 DNA samples from the jungle of Peru were analyzed, of which comprised of 104 samples from Iquitos region (Loreto), 29 samples from Awajun (Amazonas) and 8 samples from Tambopata (Madre de Dios). The samples were processed using direct PCR with the Yfiler™ Plus PCR Amplification kit for 27 STRs, the amplified products were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis on the Applied Biosystem™ 3500XL Genetic Analyzer, and the data obtained was imported into the GeneMapper® ID-X v1.5 software to generate the genetic profiles. With the results obtained, the statistical analysis and the population structure were carried out.</span></p><p><em>Results:</em> Of the 141 samples, 106 unique haplotypes were observed. Gene diversities for each Y-STR marker ranged from .317 to .919. The haplotype diversity for the total sample was .9906. This study supports that the Y-STR haplotypes in this population are highly polymorphic in the analyzed population and, therefore, are very useful in forensic studies of human identification, as well as in population genetics when investigating groups or individuals from Latin America.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"49 4","pages":"Pages 125-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75050576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metric evaluation of permanent canines for sexual estimation in the Collection “Prof. Dr. Romulo Lambre”, Buenos Aires, Argentina","authors":"Gonzalo Garizoain ,&nbsp;Claudia Aranda ,&nbsp;Leandro Luna","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Sex estimation is a fundamental aspect of forensic work as a mandatory step for the identification of human remains of unknown origin. The methodological analysis of the dentition as a sexual estimator is important due to its high degree of preservation. Considering the need for specific information regarding the potential of dentition for sex estimation in forensic cases from Argentina, the aim of this study is to evaluate the proposal previously developed by Luna (2019) in a local sample of human skeletal remains.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p><span>A sample of 152 permanent canines belonging to 98 individuals of both sexes was selected. The individuals belong to the Prof. Dr. Rómulo Lambre osteological collection (La Plata, Argentina). Luna's proposal (2019) was applied to estimate sex from canine crown and neck metrics, which considers direct measurements and different types of discriminant functions and </span>logistic regressions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Only the cervical mesiodistal diameter showed acceptable results (&gt;<!--> <!-->75%) for sex estimation. Moreover, discriminant function 1 showed a posteriori probabilities of correct classifications greater than 0.75 and logistic regressions 1 and 3 offered acceptable overall results.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This proposal based on the metric recording of permanent canines constitutes an adequate methodological alternative in situations in which the diagnostic bone elements of sex are deteriorated or absent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"49 4","pages":"Pages 143-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological profile of involuntary admission in the Psychiatry Service of the University Hospital of Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín","authors":"Naomi Fernández Hernández,&nbsp;Marina Martínez Grimal,&nbsp;Martínez Grimal,&nbsp;Claudio Cabrera Velázquez,&nbsp;Raquel Rodríguez Medina,&nbsp;María Rodríguez,&nbsp;Almudena Sánchez Villegas,&nbsp;José Luís Hernández Fleta,&nbsp;Hernández Fleta","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>Involuntary admissions due to </span>mental disorders occur with relative regularity in hospital admission units in our country. This work will study the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics found in relation to these type of patients, in order to have more information, both clinical and legal, with which to work and perform a better function, administration of resources, and development of necessary skills in these situations.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Retrospective descriptive observational study, in which different variables will be analyzed, previously selected, present in the population of psychiatric patients involuntarily admitted to the Doctor Negrín Hospital in a period of 2 years, 2019 and 2020, thus determining, the degree of prevalence of each of them.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the variables most associated with involuntary admission are, being a man, in the fourth decade of life, single, without children, or employment, with a diagnosis of major psychotic or affective disorder who has most likely abandoned treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>It would be advisable to carry out a special follow-up of patients who meet the profile described above in order to minimize involuntary occurrence. It is necessary to develop educational, follow-up, and adherence programs within the reach of the population of psychiatric patients in order to minimize the need for involuntary admissions in our environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"49 4","pages":"Pages 135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological characterization and findings in homicides due to suffocation with plastic bags in the city of Medellín, Colombia 2008-2021","authors":"Jorge Iván Pareja-Pineda","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study describes the characteristics of the victims of deaths by homicidal suffocation<span> with plastic bags in the period between 2008 and 2021, in autopsies performed at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of the city of Medellin.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A descriptive, retrospective study was carried out, whose information was obtained from the autopsy reports made by forensic doctors of the institution.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 38 772 autopsies performed, 17 703 were homicides, of which 96 (0.54%) were due to the use of plastic bags to produce death. Of the 96 cases analyzed, 92.7% (89) corresponded to men and 7.3% (7) to women. The young male population between the ages of 15 and 27 was the most affected; 74.4% (71) entered as unidentified corpses and in 17.1% (14) the diagnosis of torture was considered within the analysis of the legal medical necropsy.</p><p><span><span>The findings of suffocation in the external examination were facial congestion 67.1% (55), petechiae in the conjunctivae 63.4% (52), petechiae on the face 28.0% (23), lesions in the internal </span>oral mucosa 61.0% (50), and abrasions in the labial commissures 25.6% (21) due to the use of foreign elements in the </span>oral cavity or the application of maneuvers to cause asphyxia. 58.5% (56) presented signs of trauma in other parts of the body that did not explain the cause of death. 36.4% (35) had plastic bags covering the head and adjusted to the neck with some element, 32.3% (31) transparent tape attached to the plastic bag that covered the head, and 31.3% (30) presented a plastic film with the trade name Vinipel MR. 76.8% (73) had their hands and feet tied when the body was found at the scene.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This is the first step to obtain information on the characterization of individuals and their macroscopic findings related to homicide deaths due to suffocation with plastic bags, to warn about the actions of organized criminal groups and their practices in the transnational context. However, its analysis requires an adequate exploration of the scene, the results of the investigations carried out by the authority and the performance of an exhaustive necropsy to achieve a diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"49 4","pages":"Pages 151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on the neurobiological, clinical and treatment aspects of gambling disorder","authors":"Neus Solé-Morata ,&nbsp;Fernando Fernández-Aranda ,&nbsp;Isabel Baenas ,&nbsp;Mónica Gómez-Peña ,&nbsp;Laura Moragas ,&nbsp;Milagros Lizbeth Lara-Huallipe ,&nbsp;Bernat Mora-Maltas ,&nbsp;Anahí Gaspar ,&nbsp;Lucía Camacho-Barcia ,&nbsp;Ignacio Lucas ,&nbsp;Lucero Munguía ,&nbsp;Susana Jiménez-Murcia","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Gambling is an increasingly more common activity in our society, especially with the advent of new gambling modalities, such as online gambling. Although many people gamble without undergoing health problems<span>, some individuals develop gambling disorder<span> (GD). In recent years, the concern about this disorder has growth substantially among researchers and clinicians, and the number of studies exploring its etiopathogenesis and risk factors has increased significantly. Indeed, certain groups of individuals may have an elevated risk for GD; for example, being male, young, people with low socioeconomic, high impulsivity, and emotional instability. From a neurobiological perspective, GD has been associated with alterations in </span></span></span>neurotransmitter<span> systems involved in motivation and reward processing. Likewise, some studies have reported that hormonal factors may play an important role in the development and maintenance of GD. Taken together, all these findings have contributed to the improvement of preventive and treatment interventions of gambling disorder. However, further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms involved in the development and maintenance of this disorder. The present review offers an update on the main clinical, neurobiological, and treatment aspects of gambling disorder.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"49 4","pages":"Pages 157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching differences in patients with heart failure with clinical suspicion of cardiac amyloidosis: the REGAMIC study design","authors":"Prado Salamanca-Bautista, Rocío Ruíz-Hueso, M. Á. Rico-Corral, J. Casado-Cerrada, S. Yun-Viladomat, Á. González-Franco, A. Conde-Martel, P. Llácer-Iborra, J. C. Arévalo-Lorido, M. A. Quesada Simón, M. Sánchez-Marteles, E. Carmona-Nimo, Ó. Aramburu-Bodas","doi":"10.24875/sjmed.23000005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/sjmed.23000005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72912783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of the usefulness of VEXUS score in the diagnosis and treatment of the syndrome cardiorenal: a narrative review","authors":"Maria D. González-Vázquez, Gonzalo García Casasola-Sánchez, Y. Tung-Chen","doi":"10.24875/sjmed.23000004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/sjmed.23000004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74414209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iatrogenic gas embolism","authors":"Mercè Subirana-Domènech,&nbsp;Diego Anglada-Gotor,&nbsp;Helena Martínez-Alcázar","doi":"10.1016/j.remle.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101178,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine","volume":"49 3","pages":"Pages 118-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91591558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}